زمین

See also: زمين

Baluchi

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *jā́h, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰžʰā́s, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōm.

Noun

زمین • (zamín)

2. earth
3. land
4. ground
5. soil

Persian

Alternative forms

• زمی (zami) (archaic, dialectal)

Etymology

From earlier زمی (zamī), from Middle Persian zmyk' (zamīg, “earth”), from Proto-Iranian *jā́h, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰžʰā́s, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōm.

Indo-Iranian cognates include: Northern Kurdish zevî, Northern Luri زمی (zemi), Avestan 𐬰𐬃 (zā̊), Sanskrit क्ष (kṣa)

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /za.ˈmiːn/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zä.míːn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zä.míːn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [zä.míːn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [zi.mí]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [zæ.míːn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [zä.mín]

Readings
Classical reading?	zamīn
Dari reading?	zamīn
Iranian reading?	zamin
Tajik reading?	zamin

Noun

Dari	زمین
Iranian Persian
Tajik	замин

زمین • (zamīn / zamin) (plural زمین‌ها (zamīn-hā / zamin-hâ), Tajik spelling замин)

1. earth
2. land

   Synonym: سرزمین (sarzamin)

3. soil

   Synonyms: خاک (xâk), سرزمین (sarzamin)

4. ground
5. estate

   Synonym: ملک (melk)

Derived terms

• زمین خوردن (zamin xordan)
• زمین زدن (zamin zadan)
• زمیندار (zamin-dâr)
• زمین‌شناس (zamin-šenâs)
• سرزمین (sarzamin)

Proper noun

Dari	زمین
Iranian Persian
Tajik	замин

زمین • (zamīn / zamin) (Tajik spelling Замин)

2. Earth

Derived terms

• زمینی (zamini)
• سماروغ (samārōġ / samâruġ, “mushroom”)

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: zəmin
• → Baluchi: زمین (zamīn)
• → Bengali: জমিন (jomin), জমিঁ (jomĩ), জমি (jomi)
• → Chagatai: زمین (zmyn /⁠zämīn⁠/)
  • Uyghur: زىمىن (zimin)
  • Uzbek: zamin
• → Hindustani:
  • Hindi: ज़मीन (zamīn)
  • Urdu: زَمِین (zamīn)
• → Northern Kurdish: zemîn
• → Odia: ଜମିନ୍ (jamin), ଜମି (jami)
• → Ottoman Turkish: زمین (zemin)
  • > Turkish: zemin (inherited)
• → Punjabi:
  • Gurmukhi script: ਜ਼ਮੀਨ (zamīn), ਜ਼ਿਮੀਂ (zimī̃)
  • Shahmukhi script: زَمِین (zamīn)
• → Kannada: ಜಮೀನು (jamīnu)
• → Tamil: ஜமீன் (jamīṉ)
• → Turkmen: zemin
• → Sindhi: زمين (zamīnu)

See also

• planets of the Solar System: سیاره‌های منظومه شمسی (sayyâre-hâ-ye manzume-ye šamsi): تیر (tir) · ناهید (nâhid) · زمین (zamin) · مریخ (merrix) · مشتری (moštari) · زحل (zohal) · اورانوس (urânus) · نپتون (neptun) ^[edit]

Solar System in Persian · منظومۀ شمسی (manzume-ye šamsi) (layout · text)
Star	خورشید (xoršid), شمس (šams)
IAU planets and notable dwarf planets	عطارد (atârod), تیر (tir)	زهره (zohre), ناهید (nâhid)	زمین (zamin), ارض (arz)	مریخ (merrix), بهرام (bahrâm)	سرس (seres)	مشتری (moštari), برجیس (berjis), هرمز (hormoz)	زحل (zohal), کیوان (keyvân)	اورانوس (urânus)	نپتون (neptun)	پلوتون (poloton), پلوتو (poloto)	اریس (eris)
Notable moons	—	—	ماه (mâh)	فوبوس (fobos) دیموس (deymos)	—	آیو (âyo) اروپا (orupâ) گانیمد (gânimed) کالیستو (kâlisto)	میماس (mimâs) انسلادوس (enselâdos), انکلادوس (enkelâdos) تتیس (tetis) دیون (diyon), دیونه (diyone) رئا (re'â) تیتان (titân), تایتان (tâytân) یاپتوس (yâptus)	میراندا (mirândâ) آریل (âriyel) اومبریل (umberiyel) تیتانیا (titâniya) اوبرون (oberon)	تریتون (teriton)	شارون (šâron), کارون (kâron)	دیسنومیا (disnomiyâ)

References

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934), “زمین”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “zamīg”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 98

Punjabi

Alternative forms

• زِمِیں (zimīṉ)

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian زمین (zamīn).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Punjabi) IPA^(key): /zə.miːn/, [zɐ.miːnᵊ]
• (rustic or India) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒɐ.miːnə̆]

Noun

زَمِین • (zamīn) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਜ਼ਮੀਨ)

1. earth, land, ground, soil

   Synonym: بھوئیں (bho'eṉ)

2. land, fields, property

   Synonym: بھوئیں (bho'īṉ)

3. base, foundation
4. (art) ground, field, background

Declension

Declension of زمین

	singular	plural
direct	زَمِین (zamīn)	زَمِیناں (zamīnāṉ)
oblique	زَمِین (zamīn)	زَمِیناں (zamīnāṉ)
vocative	زَمِینے (zamīne)	زَمِینو (zamīno)
ablative	زَمِینوں (zamīnoṉ)	—
locative	زَمِینی (zamīnī)	زَمِینِیں (zamīnīṉ)
instrumental	زَمِینے (zamīne)	زَمِینِیں (zamīnīṉ)

Further reading

• Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002), “زمِین”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat (in Punjabi), Lahore: عزیز پبلشرز [ʻazīz pabliśarz]
• Bashir, Kanwal (2012), “زمین”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Hyattsville, MD: Dunwoody Press
• “ਜਮੀਨ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2026

Sindhi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian زمین (zamīn).

Noun

زَمِينَ • (zamīna) ? (plural ?, Devanagari ज़मीन)

1. ground, earth, land, soil
2. floor
3. world
4. landlord

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian زَمِین (zamīn). First attested in c. 1564 as Middle Hindi زمین (zmyn /⁠zamīn⁠/). Compare Punjabi زمین (zamīn), Sindhi زَمِينُ (zamīnu).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /zə.miːn/
• Rhymes: -iːn
• Hyphenation: زَ‧مِین

Noun

زَمِین • (zamīn) f (Hindi spelling ज़मीन)

1. land, plot, estate (area)
2. soil

   Synonyms: مِٹّی (miṭṭī), خاک (xāk)

4. the earth, world (as opposed to the sky, heaven)

   Synonyms: دُنْیَا (dunyā), دَھرْتِی (dhartī)

5. surface, ground

   Synonym: فَرْش (farś)

6. region, area

   Synonyms: خِطَّا (xittā), اَرْض (arz), عِلَاقَہ ('ilāqa)

7. country, land, homeland

   Synonyms: وَطَن (vatan), دیس (des), سَرْزَمِین (sarzamīn)

8. (poetry) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}. (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

Declension

Declension of زمین

	singular	plural
direct	زَمِین (zamīn)	زَمِینیں (zamīnẽ)
oblique	زَمِین (zamīn)	زَمِینوں (zamīnõ)
vocative	زَمِین (zamīn)	زَمِینو (zamīno)

Further reading

• “زمین”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2026.
• Fallon, Platts, Qureshi, Shakespear (2024), “زمین”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Urdu Dictionaries]