θεοκρατία
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Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From θεο- (theo-, “god, deity”) + -κρατία (-kratía, “power, rule”) from θεός and κρᾰτέω.
Coined in the 1st century CE by Josephus (Against Apion 2.17) to denote the idealistic political system of a Jewish state ordained by Moses, as contrasted with democracy, oligarchy and monarchy.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /tʰe.o.kraˈti.a/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /θe.o.kraˈti.a/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /θe.o.kraˈti.a/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /θe.o.kraˈti.a/
Noun
[edit]θεοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ • (theokratíā) f (genitive θεοκρατῐ́ᾱς); first declension (Koine)
- (politics, religion) theocracy
- 37 CE – 100 CE, Josephus, Against Apion 2.17:
- οἱ μὲν γὰρ μοναρχίαις, οἱ δὲ ταῖς ὀλίγων δυναστείαις, ἄλλοι δὲ τοῖς πλήθεσιν ἐπέτρεψαν τὴν ἐξουσίαν τῶν πολιτευμάτων. ὁ δ’ ἡμέτερος νομοθέτης εἰς μὲν τούτων οὐδοτιοῦν ἀπεῖδεν, ὡς δ’ ἄν τις εἴποι βιασάμενος τὸν λόγον θεοκρατίαν ἀπέδειξε τὸ πολίτευμα θεῷ τὴν ἀρχὴν καὶ τὸ κράτος ἀναθείς.
- hoi mèn gàr monarkhíais, hoi dè taîs olígōn dunasteíais, álloi dè toîs plḗthesin epétrepsan tḕn exousían tôn politeumátōn. ho d’ hēméteros nomothétēs eis mèn toútōn oudotioûn apeîden, hōs d’ án tis eípoi biasámenos tòn lógon theokratían apédeixe tò políteuma theôi tḕn arkhḕn kaì tò krátos anatheís.
- 1895 translation by William Whiston
- Some legislators have permitted their governments to be under monarchies, others put them under oligarchies, and others under a republican form; but our legislator had no regard to any of these forms, but he ordained our government to be what, by a strained expression, may be termed a Theocracy, by ascribing the authority and the power to God. (@perseus.tuftus.edu)
- οἱ μὲν γὰρ μοναρχίαις, οἱ δὲ ταῖς ὀλίγων δυναστείαις, ἄλλοι δὲ τοῖς πλήθεσιν ἐπέτρεψαν τὴν ἐξουσίαν τῶν πολιτευμάτων. ὁ δ’ ἡμέτερος νομοθέτης εἰς μὲν τούτων οὐδοτιοῦν ἀπεῖδεν, ὡς δ’ ἄν τις εἴποι βιασάμενος τὸν λόγον θεοκρατίαν ἀπέδειξε τὸ πολίτευμα θεῷ τὴν ἀρχὴν καὶ τὸ κράτος ἀναθείς.
Inflection
[edit]Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ θεοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ hē theokratíā |
τὼ θεοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ tṑ theokratíā |
αἱ θεοκρᾰτῐ́αι hai theokratíai | ||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς θεοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱς tês theokratíās |
τοῖν θεοκρᾰτῐ́αιν toîn theokratíain |
τῶν θεοκρᾰτῐῶν tôn theokratiôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῇ θεοκρᾰτῐ́ᾳ têi theokratíāi |
τοῖν θεοκρᾰτῐ́αιν toîn theokratíain |
ταῖς θεοκρᾰτῐ́αις taîs theokratíais | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν θεοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱν tḕn theokratíān |
τὼ θεοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ tṑ theokratíā |
τᾱ̀ς θεοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱς tā̀s theokratíās | ||||||||||
Vocative | θεοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ theokratíā |
θεοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ theokratíā |
θεοκρᾰτῐ́αι theokratíai | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Related terms
[edit]- θεοκρᾱσῐ́ᾱ f (theokrāsíā, “mingling with god”)
- θεόκρῐτος m (theókritos, “judge of gods, epithet for Paris”)
- and see θεο- and-κρατία
Descendants
[edit]- → Danish: teokrati
- → Dutch: theocratie
- → English: theocracy
- → French: théocratie
- → German: Theokratie
- Greek: θεοκρατία (theokratía)
- → Italian: teocrazia
- → Norwegian Bokmål: teokrati
- → Portuguese: teocracia
- → Romanian: teocrație
- → Spanish: teocracia
- → Swedish: teokrati
References
[edit]- “θεοκρατία”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- θεοκρατία in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Hellenistic Koine Greek θεοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ (theokratíā). Morphologically from θεο- (“god”) + -κρατία (“holding power, ruling”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]θεοκρατία • (theokratía) f (plural θεοκρατίας)
- (politics, religion) theocracy
- Στην αρχαία Αίγυπτο επικρατούσε θεοκρατία.
- Stin archaía Aígypto epikratoúse theokratía.
- Theocracy was dominant in Ancient Aegypt.
Declension
[edit]Declension of θεοκρατία
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | θεοκρατία • | θεοκρατίες • |
genitive | θεοκρατίας • | θεοκρατιών • |
accusative | θεοκρατία • | θεοκρατίες • |
vocative | θεοκρατία • | θεοκρατίες • |
Related terms
[edit]- θεοκρατικός (theokratikós, “theocratic”)
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kret-
- Ancient Greek terms prefixed with θεο-
- Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -κρατία
- Ancient Greek 5-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Ancient Greek feminine nouns
- Ancient Greek first-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension
- Koine Greek
- grc:Politics
- grc:Religion
- Ancient Greek terms with quotations
- grc:Forms of government
- Greek terms inherited from Koine Greek
- Greek terms derived from Koine Greek
- Greek terms prefixed with θεο-
- Greek terms suffixed with -κρατία
- Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Greek lemmas
- Greek nouns
- Greek feminine nouns
- el:Politics
- el:Religion
- Greek terms with usage examples
- Greek nouns declining like 'ιστορία'