κέρας
Appearance
Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Hellenic *kérats, probably remodeled from an earlier s-stem *kéras (like κᾰ́ρᾱ (kắrā), κᾰ́ρηνον (kắrēnon), κρᾱνίον (krāníon)), as preserved in e.g. κερασ-φόρος (keras-phóros, “with a horn”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head, top; front of the skull; horn”);[1] see there for more. An older etymology supposes Proto-Indo-European *ḱer-n̥t-.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ké.ras/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈke.ras/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈce.ras/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈce.ras/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈce.ras/
Noun
[edit]κέρᾰς • (kérăs) n (genitive κέρᾱτος or κέρᾰος or κέρεος or κέρως); third declension
- horn (of an animal)
- horn as a material, or anything made of horn, such as a bow.
- (music) horn (musical instrument)
- arm or branch of a river
- the side branch (either left or right) of a military array for battle.
- (metonymic, horn of a powerful animal as a tool) horn used in biblical interpretation as representing a person as focus of a group for power.
Declension
[edit]| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | τὸ κέρᾰς tò kérăs |
τὼ κέρᾱτε / κέρᾱ tṑ kérāte / kérā |
τᾰ̀ κέρᾱτᾰ / κέρᾱ tằ kérātă / kérā | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ κέρᾱτος / κέρως toû kérātos / kérōs |
τοῖν κερᾱ́τοιν / κερῷν toîn kerā́toin / kerōîn |
τῶν κερᾱ́των / κερῶν tôn kerā́tōn / kerôn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ κέρᾱτῐ / κέρᾳ tōî kérātĭ / kérāi |
τοῖν κερᾱ́τοιν / κερῷν toîn kerā́toin / kerōîn |
τοῖς κέρᾱσῐ / κέρᾱσῐν toîs kérāsĭ(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸ κέρᾰς tò kérăs |
τὼ κέρᾱτε / κέρᾱ tṑ kérāte / kérā |
τᾰ̀ κέρᾱτᾰ / κέρᾱ tằ kérātă / kérā | ||||||||||
| Vocative | κέρᾰς kérăs |
κέρᾱτε / κέρᾱ kérāte / kérā |
κέρᾱτᾰ / κέρᾱ kérātă / kérā | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | κέρᾰς kérăs |
κέρᾰε / κέρᾱ kérăe / kérā |
κέρᾰᾰ / κέρᾱ kérăă / kérā | ||||||||||
| Genitive | κέρᾰος / κέρως kérăos / kérōs |
κερᾰ́οιῐ̈ν kerắoiĭ̈n |
κερᾰ́ων / κερῶν kerắōn / kerôn | ||||||||||
| Dative | κέρᾰῐ̈ / κέραι / κέρᾳ kérăĭ̈ / kérai / kérāi |
κερᾰ́οιῐ̈ν kerắoiĭ̈n |
κέρᾰσῐ / κέρᾰσῐν / κερᾰ́εσσῐ / κερᾰ́εσσῐν kérăsĭ(n) / kerắessĭ(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | κέρᾰς kérăs |
κέρᾰε / κέρᾱ kérăe / kérā |
κέρᾰᾰ / κέρᾱ kérăă / kérā | ||||||||||
| Vocative | κέρᾰς kérăs |
κέρᾰε / κέρᾱ kérăe / kérā |
κέρᾰᾰ / κέρᾱ kérăă / kérā | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | τὸ κέρᾰς tò kérăs |
τὼ κέρεε / κέρᾱτε tṑ kéree / kérāte |
τᾰ̀ κέρεᾰ / κέρᾱτᾰ tằ kéreă / kérātă | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ κέρεος / κέρως / κέρᾱτος toû kéreos / kérōs / kérātos |
τοῖν κερέοιν / κερᾱ́τοιν toîn keréoin / kerā́toin |
τῶν κερέων / κερᾱ́των tôn keréōn / kerā́tōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ κέρεῐ̈ / κέρᾱτῐ tōî kéreĭ̈ / kérātĭ |
τοῖν κερέοιν / κερᾱ́τοιν toîn keréoin / kerā́toin |
τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν κέρᾱσῐ / κέρᾱσῐν toîsĭ(n) kérāsĭ(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸ κέρᾰς tò kérăs |
τὼ κέρεε / κέρᾱτε tṑ kéree / kérāte |
τᾰ̀ κέρεᾰ / κέρᾱτᾰ tằ kéreă / kérātă | ||||||||||
| Vocative | κέρᾰς kérăs |
κέρεε / κέρᾱτε kéree / kérāte |
κέρεᾰ / κέρᾱτᾰ kéreă / kérātă | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
[edit]- αἰγόκερᾰς (aigókerăs)
- βούκερᾰς (boúkerăs)
- κερᾰῑ̈́ς (kerăī̈́s)
- κερᾰῑ̈́ψ (kerăī̈́ps)
- κερᾱ́τῐνος (kerā́tĭnos)
- κερᾱ́τῐον (kerā́tĭon)
- μονόκερως (monókerōs)
- ῥῑνόκερως (rhīnókerōs)
- ταυρόκερως (taurókerōs)
References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “κέρας”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 676–677
Further reading
[edit]- “κέρας”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “κέρας”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “κέρας”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- κέρας in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001), A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- κέρας in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “κέρας”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G2768 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- κέρας in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007), Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Ancient Greek κέρας (kéras).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]κέρας • (kéras) n (plural κέρατα)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | κέρας (kéras) | κέρατα (kérata) |
| genitive | κέρατος (kératos) | κεράτων (keráton) |
| accusative | κέρας (kéras) | κέρατα (kérata) |
| vocative | κέρας (kéras) | κέρατα (kérata) |
Derived terms
[edit]- τετράκερος (tetrákeros)
Related terms
[edit]- κέρατο n (kérato, “horn”)
- κερατίνη f (keratíni, “keratin”)
- κερατάς m (keratás, “cuckold”)
- κέρας της Αμάλθειας n (kéras tis Amáltheias, “cornucopia, horn of plenty”)
Further reading
[edit]
κέρας on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia el
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱer- (grow)
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱerh₂- (head)
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Ancient Greek neuter nouns
- Ancient Greek third-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension
- grc:Music
- Ancient Greek metonyms
- grc:Anatomy
- Greek terms inherited from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Greek lemmas
- Greek nouns
- Greek neuter nouns
- el:Anatomy
- el:Musical instruments
- Greek nouns declining like 'κρέας'