πλάζω
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Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Usually connected with Latin plangō (“I beat, strike”), Dutch vloeken (“to curse, swear”) and πλήσσω (plḗssō, “to strike, smite”). It is not evident at all that the meaning "to drive off course" derives from "to beat"; rather πλήσσω (plḗssō) and this verb influenced each other both formally and semantically. Van Beek suggests that this verb is related to ἀμπλακεῖν (amplakeîn, “to miss, fail, come short of”) as a Pre-Greek word, to which πλάγιος (plágios, “aslant”) may perhaps also be connected.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pláz.dɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈpla.zo/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈpla.zo/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈpla.zo/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈpla.zo/
Verb
[edit]- (transitive) to turn away from
- to bewilder, dull the mind
- (passive voice) to wander, roam
Conjugation
[edit] Present: πλᾰ́ζω, πλᾰ́ζομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔπλᾰζον | ἔπλᾰζες | ἔπλᾰζε(ν) | ἐπλᾰ́ζετον | ἐπλᾰζέτην | ἐπλᾰ́ζομεν | ἐπλᾰ́ζετε | ἔπλᾰζον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐπλᾰζόμην | ἐπλᾰ́ζου | ἐπλᾰ́ζετο | ἐπλᾰ́ζεσθον | ἐπλᾰζέσθην | ἐπλᾰζόμεθᾰ | ἐπλᾰ́ζεσθε | ἐπλᾰ́ζοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | πλᾰ́ζον | πλᾰ́ζες | πλᾰ́ζε(ν) | πλᾰ́ζετον | πλᾰζέτην | πλᾰ́ζομεν | πλᾰ́ζετε | πλᾰ́ζον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | πλᾰζόμην | πλᾰ́ζου | πλᾰ́ζετο | πλᾰ́ζεσθον | πλᾰζέσθην | πλᾰζόμε(σ)θᾰ | πλᾰ́ζεσθε | πλᾰ́ζοντο | ||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future: πλᾰ́γξομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | πλᾰ́γξομαι | πλᾰ́γξῃ, πλᾰ́γξει |
πλᾰ́γξεται | πλᾰ́γξεσθον | πλᾰ́γξεσθον | πλᾰγξόμεθᾰ | πλᾰ́γξεσθε | πλᾰ́γξονται | ||||
optative | πλᾰγξοίμην | πλᾰ́γξοιο | πλᾰ́γξοιτο | πλᾰ́γξοισθον | πλᾰγξοίσθην | πλᾰγξοίμεθᾰ | πλᾰ́γξοισθε | πλᾰ́γξοιντο | |||||
middle | |||||||||||||
infinitive | πλᾰ́γξεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | πλᾰγξόμενος | |||||||||||
f | πλᾰγξομένη | ||||||||||||
n | πλᾰγξόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms
[edit]- ἀποπλᾰ́ζω (apoplázō)
- παλιμπλάζομαι (palimplázomai)
- πᾰρᾰπλᾰ́ζω (paraplázō)
- πλᾰγκτήρ (planktḗr)
- πλᾰγκτός (planktós)
- πλᾰγκτῠ́ς (planktús)
Further reading
[edit]- “πλάζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “πλάζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- πλάζω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- πλάζω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “πλάζω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- “πλάζω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN