ταρταροῦχος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Τάρταρος (Tártaros) +‎ ἔχω (ékhō) +‎ -ος (-os)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /tar.ta.rûː.kʰos/ → /tar.taˈru.xos/ → /tar.taˈru.xos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /tar.ta.rûː.kʰos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /tar.taˈru.kʰos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /tar.taˈru.xos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /tar.taˈru.xos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /tar.taˈru.xos/

Adjective

ταρτᾰροῦχος • (tartaroûkhos) m or f (neuter —); second declension

1. having charge of Tartarus (epithet of Selene and Hecate)

Declension

Attested only in the feminine singular

Second declension of ἡ τᾰρτᾰροῦχος; τῆς τᾰρτᾰρούχου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ἡ τᾰρτᾰροῦχος hē tartaroûkhos
Genitive	τῆς τᾰρτᾰρούχου tês tartaroúkhou
Dative	τῇ τᾰρτᾰρούχῳ têi tartaroúkhōi
Accusative	τὴν τᾰρτᾰροῦχον tḕn tartaroûkhon
Vocative	τᾰρτᾰροῦχε tartaroûkhe
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → Latin: tartarūchus
  • Old Catalan: tartaruga, tartuga
    • Catalan: tartuga
  • Emilian: tartarùga
  • Italian: tartaruga
    • → Galician: tartaruga
    • → Portuguese: tartaruga
    • → Spanish: tartaruga
  • Old Occitan: tartuga, tortuga
    • → Middle French: tortue
      • French: tortue
      • Norman: tortue
      • → Middle English: tortou, tortu
        • English: turtle
        • → Irish: turtar
  • Old Spanish: tartuga
    • Asturian: tortuga
    • → Basque: dortoka
    • Spanish: tortuga
    • → Medieval Latin: tortūca
  • → Middle English: tortuse, tortuce, tortuge
    • English: tortoise

Further reading

• ταρταροῦχος - ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ (since 2011) Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch) University of Chicago.
• “ταρταροῦχος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press