-ος
Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Hellenic *-os, from Proto-Indo-European *-os. Cognate with the Latin masculine -us (from Old Latin and Proto-Italic *-os both in names and adjectives).
Suffix
[edit]-ος • (-os) m (genitive -ου); second declension
- Added to verbal roots to form an o-grade action noun.
Usage notes
[edit]The accent is recessive.
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *-os.
Suffix
[edit]-ος • (-os) n (genitive -εος or -ους); third declension
- Added to verbal roots to form a noun of result or an abstract noun of action.
Declension
[edit]| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | -ος -os |
-ει -ei |
-η -ē | ||||||||||
| Genitive | -ους -ous |
-οῖν -oîn |
-ῶν -ôn | ||||||||||
| Dative | -ει -ei |
-οῖν -oîn |
-εσῐ / -εσῐν -esĭ(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | -ος -os |
-ει -ei |
-η -ē | ||||||||||
| Vocative | -ος -os |
-ει -ei |
-η -ē | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Etymology 3
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-ος • (-os)
- Nominative singular of masculine and feminine second-declension nouns
- ἄνθρωπος m or f (ánthrōpos, “person”)
- Masculine nominative singular of first- and second-declension adjectives
- ἄλλος m (állos, “other”)
- Masculine and feminine nominative singular of second-declension adjectives
- ἄδικος m or f (ádikos, “unjust”)
- Genitive singular of consonant-stem or uncontracted third-declension nouns
- ὀνόματος n (onómatos, “of a name”)
- Genitive singular of consonant-stem or uncontracted third-declension masculine or neuter adjectives
- παντός m or n (pantós, “of the whole of”)
Declension
[edit]| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | -ος -os |
-ω -ō |
-οι -oi | ||||||||||
| Genitive | -ου -ou |
-οιν -oin |
-ων -ōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | -ῳ -ōi |
-οιν -oin |
-οις -ois | ||||||||||
| Accusative | -ον -on |
-ω -ō |
-ους -ous | ||||||||||
| Vocative | -ε -e |
-ω -ō |
-οι -oi | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
See also
[edit]Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Ancient Greek -ος (-os).
Suffix
[edit]-ος • (-os)
- An ending found in nouns
- In nominative singular form of many masculine nouns
- eg: δρόμος (drómos), καλόγερος (kalógeros), etc
- In nominative singular form of few feminine nouns
- eg: μήφος (mífos), διάμετρος (diámetros), etc
- In nominative, accusative and vocative singular forms of few neuter nouns
- eg: δάσος (dásos), έδαφος (édafos), etc
- In nominative singular form of many masculine nouns
- An ending found in the majority of adjectives
Derived terms
[edit]Masculine nouns — numbers indicate the current frequencies found on Wiktionary
Neuter nouns
Adjectives
- -ος-η-ο (3, 458)
- -ος-α-ο (317)
- -ος-α-ο (3)
- -ος-α-ο (1)
- -ος-η/α-ο (6)
- -ος-ια/η-ο (0)
- -ος-ια-ο (2)
- -ος-ος/α-ο (31)
- -ος-ος/η-ο (0)
- -ος-ος-ο (16)
- -ος-ος-ον (4)
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek suffixes
- Ancient Greek unaccented terms
- Ancient Greek noun-forming suffixes
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns
- Ancient Greek second-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension
- Ancient Greek masculine suffixes
- Ancient Greek neuter nouns
- Ancient Greek third-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension
- Ancient Greek neuter suffixes
- Ancient Greek inflectional suffixes
- Greek terms inherited from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Greek lemmas
- Greek suffixes
- Greek inflectional suffixes