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котка

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Belarusian

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котка

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Ruthenian ко́тка (kótka). By surface analysis, кот (kot) +‎ -ка (-ka). Compare Polish kotka and Ukrainian кі́тка (kítka).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ко́тка • (kótka) f animal (genitive ко́ткі, nominative plural ко́ткі, genitive plural ко́так, male equivalent кот, diminutive ко́тачка)

  1. female cat (domesticated species)
    Synonym: ко́шка (kóška)
    • 1929, Станіслаў Любіч-Маеўскі, “Myszka”, in Pierszy pramień, Lwoŭ: Dziarżaŭnae Wydawiectwa Szkolnych Kniżak, page 4:
      Myszka, myszka, dzie była?
      Była ŭ pana karala.
      Szto rabiła? — Łyżki myła.
      A szto dali? — Kusok sała.
      Dzie pakłała? — Pad łaŭkaju.
      Czym nakryła? — Chalaŭkaju.
      Dzie padzieła? — Kotka zjeła.
      Mousy, mousy, where have you been?
      I was paying a visit to the king.
      What were you doing there? — Washing spoons.
      And what did they give you? — A piece of lard.
      Where did you put it? — Under the bench.
      What did you cover it with? — With the shaft of a boot.
      Why is it gone? — The cat ate it.
    • 1931 [1928], Erich Maria Remarque, translated by Хвядос Шынклер, На Заходнім фронце без перамен, Minsk: ДВБ, translation of Im Westen nichts Neues (in German), page 139; English translation from Arthur Wheen, transl., All Quiet on the Western Front, 1929, page 238:
      Позна ўвечары мы чуем мяўканьне. Ля ўваходу сядзіць маленькая шэрая котка.
      Pózna wvječary my čujem mjawkanʹnje. Lja wvaxódu sjadzicʹ maljenʹkaja šeraja kótka.
      Late in the evening we hear mewing. A little grey cat sits in the entrance.
    • 2023, Валерый Гапееў, Прадвесце (Вольнеры)‎[1], Янушкевіч, →ISBN:
      У нашай кватэры пасяліўся цень, які бачу толькі я. Ніякімі прыборамі, якія мы маем, даследаваць яго немагчыма. Трэба праверыць, ці рэагуе на гэты цень ваша котка.
      U našaj kvatery pasjaliwsja cjenʹ, jaki baču tólʹki ja. Nijakimi prybórami, jakija my majem, dasljedavacʹ jahó njemahčyma. Treba pravjerycʹ, ci reahuje na hety cjenʹ vaša kótka.
      A specter has taken up residence in our apartment, visible only to me. It's impossible to research it using any of the tools we have. It's necessary to check if your cat reacts to this specter.

Declension

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Declension of ко́тка (anml velar fem-form accent-a reduc)
singular plural
nominative ко́тка
kótka 		ко́ткі
kótki
genitive ко́ткі
kótki 		ко́так
kótak
dative ко́тцы
kótcy 		ко́ткам
kótkam
accusative ко́тку
kótku 		ко́так
kótak
instrumental ко́ткай, ко́ткаю
kótkaj, kótkaju 		ко́ткамі
kótkami
locative ко́тцы
kótcy 		ко́тках
kótkax
count form — ко́ткі1
kótki1

1Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

References

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Bulgarian

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Wikipedia bgWikipedia bgWikipedia bg

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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животно котка
Etymology tree
Proto-Slavic *kotъ
Proto-Indo-European *-keh₂der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀ
Proto-Slavic *-ъka
Proto-Slavic *kotъka
Bulgarian котка

    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kotъka.

    Noun

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    ко́тка • (kótka) f (masculine кот, relational adjective ко́чий)

    1. female equivalent of кот (kot): cat, feline (usually a female one)
      Hyponyms: see Thesaurus:котка
      Кога́то ко́тката я ня́ма, ми́шките игра́ят.
      Kogáto kótkata ja njáma, míškite igrájat.
      When the cat's away, the mice will play.
    2. (figurative, colloquial) cunning, agile or dexterous person
    Declension
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    Declension of ко́тка
    singular plural
    indefinite ко́тка
    kótka     		ко́тки
    kótki
    definite ко́тката
    kótkata     		ко́тките
    kótkite
    vocative form ко́тко
    kótko     		ко́тки
    kótki
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    nouns

    References

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    Etymology 2

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    приспособление котка

    Derived through semantic shift from Etymology 1. Possibly a calque of Russian ко́шка (kóška).

    Noun

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    ко́тка • (kótka) f

    1. (usually in the plural) crampon, climbing iron (spike on a boot used for ice climbing)
    Declension
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    Declension of ко́тка
    singular plural
    indefinite ко́тка
    kótka     		ко́тки
    kótki
    definite ко́тката
    kótkata     		ко́тките
    kótkite

    References

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    • “котка²”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
    • “котка (2)”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
    • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “ко́тка²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 676

    Etymology 3

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    From Etymology 1, via association to cat's ability to hunt.

    Noun

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    ко́тка • (kótka) f (indeclinable) (children's games, regional)

    1. blind man's buff
      Synonym: сля́па ба́ба (sljápa bába)

    References

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    • “котка³”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014

    Etymology 4

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    средство котка

    By surface analysis, ко́тва (kótva) +‎ -ка (-ka), of disputed origin. Often identified through folk etymology with Etymology 1, however, Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary doubts this association.

    Noun

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    ко́тка • (kótka) f (obsolete)

    1. anchor
      Synonym: ко́тва (kótva)
    Declension
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    Declension of ко́тка
    singular plural
    indefinite ко́тка
    kótka     		ко́тки
    kótki
    definite ко́тката
    kótkata     		ко́тките
    kótkite

    References

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    Etymology 5

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    котка кукуруз

    According to Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary, from *кот (*kot, “entanglement”) +‎ -ка (-ka), in reference to the husk that encapsulates the cob.

    Noun

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    ко́тка • (kótka) f (diminutive ко́тече) (dialectal)

    1. young (still not fully grown) cob of maize
      Synonym: коча́н (kočán)
    Declension
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    Declension of ко́тка
    singular plural
    indefinite ко́тка
    kótka     		ко́тки
    kótki
    definite ко́тката
    kótkata     		ко́тките
    kótkite

    References

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    • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “котка⁴”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 676

    Anagrams

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    Macedonian

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    Etymology

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    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kòtъka, from *kotъ.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): [ˈkɔtka]
    • Hyphenation: кот‧ка

    Noun

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    ко́тка • (kótka) f (plural ко́тки)

    1. (dialectal) cat (in general, but usually a female one)
      Synonym: ма́чка (máčka)

    Declension

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    Declension of котка
    singular plural
    indefinite котка (kotka) котки (kotki)
    definite unspecified котката (kotkata) котките (kotkite)
    definite proximal коткава (kotkava) коткиве (kotkive)
    definite distal коткана (kotkana) коткине (kotkine)
    vocative котко (kotko) котки (kotki)

    Further reading

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    • “котка” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu

    Old Ruthenian

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    Etymology

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    Inherited from Old East Slavic ко́тъка (kótŭka), from Proto-Slavic *kòtъka, from *kòtъ. Cognate with Old Polish kotka.

    Noun

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    ко́тка • (kótka) f animal (masculine котъ)

    1. feminine of котъ (kot)
      Synonym: ко́шка (kóška)

    Descendants

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    • Belarusian: ко́тка (kótka) (regional)
    • Carpathian Rusyn: ко́тка (kótka) (regional)
    • Ukrainian: кі́тка (kítka)

    Further reading

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    • Bulyka, A. M., editor (1997), “котка”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 16 (коржъ – лесничанка), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 58
    • Chikalo, M. I., editor (2010), “котка”, in Словник української мови XVI – I пол. XVII ст. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: 16ᵗʰ – 1ˢᵗ half of 17ᵗʰ c.] (in Ukrainian), numbers 15 (конь – легковѣрны), Lviv: KIUS, →ISBN, page 56
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