шлем

See also: шљем and шлём

Bulgarian

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *ḱel-der.

Proto-Indo-European *ḱelmos?

Proto-Germanic *helmaz

Proto-West Germanic *helmbor.

Proto-Slavic *šelmъ

Bulgarian шлем

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *šelmъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʃlɛm]
• Rhymes: -ɛm

Noun

шлем • (šlem) m

1. (clothing, countable) helmet (protective headpiece)

   Synonym: ка́ска (káska)

   ри́царски шлем

   rícarski šlem

   knight's helmet

   Мотоциклети́стът ви́наги но́си предпа́зен шлем.

   Motocikletístăt vínagi nósi predpázen šlem.

   The motorcyclist always wears a protective helmet.

2. (sports, uncountable) slam

   Голя́м шлем

   Goljám šlem

   Grand Slam

Declension

Declension of шлем

	singular	plural
indefinite	шлем šlem	шле́мове šlémove
definite (subject form)	шле́мът šlémăt	шле́мовете šlémovete
definite (object form)	шле́ма šléma
count form	—	шле́ма šléma

References

• “шлем”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “шлем”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• “шлем”, in ЛексИт [LexIt] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *šelmъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʃlɛm]

Noun

шлем • (šlem) m

1. helmet

Declension

Declension of шлем

	singular	plural
indefinite	шлем (šlem)	шлемови (šlemovi)
definite unspecified	шлемот (šlemot)	шлемовите (šlemovite)
definite proximal	шлемов (šlemov)	шлемовиве (šlemovive)
definite distal	шлемон (šlemon)	шлемовине (šlemovine)
vocative	шлему (šlemu)	шлемови (šlemovi)
count form	—	шлема (šlema)

Russian

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic шлѣмъ (šlěmŭ), from Proto-Slavic *šelmъ. Doublet of шело́м (šelóm), the inherited East Slavic form.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʂlʲem]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

шлем • (šlem) m inan (genitive шле́ма, nominative plural шле́мы, genitive plural шле́мов, expressive term (anticorism) шлема́к)

1. helmet

   Synonym: ка́ска (káska)

2. headpiece (as in a horse's)

Declension

Declension of шлем (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	шле́м šlém	шле́мы šlémy
genitive	шле́ма šléma	шле́мов šlémov
dative	шле́му šlému	шле́мам šlémam
accusative	шле́м šlém	шле́мы šlémy
instrumental	шле́мом šlémom	шле́мами šlémami
prepositional	шле́ме šléme	шле́мах šlémax

Hyponyms

• шиша́к (šišák)

Derived terms

• подшле́мник m (podšlémnik)

Compound words:

• гермошле́м m (germošlém)
• шлемофо́н m (šlemofón)

Related terms

• шело́м m (šelóm)
  • ошеломи́ть pf (ošelomítʹ)

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “шлем”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

Further reading

• Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882), “шлем”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.
  • See: Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882), “шелом”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.

Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

• шље̏м (Ijekavian)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *šelmъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃlêm/

Noun

шле̏м m inan (Latin spelling šlȅm)

1. helmet

Declension

Declension of шлем

	singular	plural
nominative	шлем	шлемови
genitive	шлема	шлемова
dative	шлему	шлемовима
accusative	шлем	шлемове
vocative	шлеме	шлемови
locative	шлему	шлемовима
instrumental	шлемом	шлемовима