բռինչ

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Armenian[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Armenian բռինչ (bṙinčʻ).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

բռինչ • (bṙinčʻ)

  1. hackberry, the fruit of the nettle tree (Celtis spp.)
    Synonyms: լտուտ (ltut), ցռպտուկ (cʻṙptuk)
  2. (literary) the fruit of the guelder rose (Viburnum opulus)

Declension[edit]

i-type, inanimate (Eastern Armenian)
singular plural
nominative բռինչ (bṙinčʻ) բռինչներ (bṙinčʻner)
dative բռինչի (bṙinčʻi) բռինչների (bṙinčʻneri)
ablative բռինչից (bṙinčʻicʻ) բռինչներից (bṙinčʻnericʻ)
instrumental բռինչով (bṙinčʻov) բռինչներով (bṙinčʻnerov)
locative բռինչում (bṙinčʻum) բռինչներում (bṙinčʻnerum)
definite forms
nominative բռինչը/բռինչն (bṙinčʻə/bṙinčʻn) բռինչները/բռինչներն (bṙinčʻnerə/bṙinčʻnern)
dative բռինչին (bṙinčʻin) բռինչներին (bṙinčʻnerin)
1st person possessive forms (my)
nominative բռինչս (bṙinčʻs) բռինչներս (bṙinčʻners)
dative բռինչիս (bṙinčʻis) բռինչներիս (bṙinčʻneris)
ablative բռինչիցս (bṙinčʻicʻs) բռինչներիցս (bṙinčʻnericʻs)
instrumental բռինչովս (bṙinčʻovs) բռինչներովս (bṙinčʻnerovs)
locative բռինչումս (bṙinčʻums) բռինչներումս (bṙinčʻnerums)
2nd person possessive forms (your)
nominative բռինչդ (bṙinčʻd) բռինչներդ (bṙinčʻnerd)
dative բռինչիդ (bṙinčʻid) բռինչներիդ (bṙinčʻnerid)
ablative բռինչիցդ (bṙinčʻicʻd) բռինչներիցդ (bṙinčʻnericʻd)
instrumental բռինչովդ (bṙinčʻovd) բռինչներովդ (bṙinčʻnerovd)
locative բռինչումդ (bṙinčʻumd) բռինչներումդ (bṙinčʻnerumd)

Further reading[edit]

Middle Armenian[edit]

FWOTD – 28 June 2020
Celtis caucasica fruit

Etymology[edit]

Of unknown immediate and ultimate origin, but related to Old Georgian ბრინჯი (brinǯi, “Celtis”) and Kashmiri برِٛمِج (brimij, “Celtis caucasica”).

Noun[edit]

բռինչ • (bṙinčʻ)

  1. hackberry, the fruit of the nettle tree (Celtis spp.)
    • 6th–12th? centuries, Baṙkʿ Gałianosi [The Greek–Armenian Dictionary to Galen] :[1][2]
      նաբակ, կալալ, կալկալ, քօնար = բռինչն (vars. բռինչի, բղինչն, բռիչն)։
      nabak, kalal, kalkal, kʻōnar = bṙinčʻn (vars. bṙinčʻi, błinčʻn, bṙičʻn).
      نَبَق (nabaq), قَيْقَب (qayqab) (?), کنار (konâr) = bṙinčʻ
    • 9th or 10th century, with changes and additions in later centuries, Tʿargmanutʿiwn dełocʿ zor əntrel en imastasērkʿn ew kargeal yayl lezuacʿ [A Medieval Arabic–Armenian Botanical Dictionary] :[3]
      նփըղ (vars. նփկըն, նըփկն) = բռինչ
      npʻəġ (vars. npʻkən, nəpʻkn) = bṙinčʻ
      نَبْق (nabq) = bṙinčʻ

Usage notes[edit]

The identification of the tree has been controversial. However, the etymology and the dialectal descriptions clearly point to Celtis, two species of which are found on the territory of modern Armenia (Celtis caucasica and Celtis planchoniana).[4] Medieval glossaries often translate jujube, which is a fruit similar to hackberry. Therefore, the identification with Viburnum opulus in modern botanical literature is spurious.

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Armenian: բռինչ (bṙinčʻ)

References[edit]

  1. ^ Greppin, John A. C. (1985) Baṙkʿ Gaɫianosi: The Greek–Armenian Dictionary to Galen‎[1], Delmar, New York: Caravan Books, page 139, unable to identify the foreign words, also listing the corrupted մուրղանիզատորայ (murġanizatoray) and մուրատսրա (muratsra), which probably reflect Arabic مُسْكِطْرَامَشِير (muskiṭrāmašīr), مُشْكِطْرَامَشِير (muškiṭrāmašīr) (← Persian مشکطرامشیر (mošk-terâmšî', “Origanum dictamnus”)) and do not belong here
  2. ^ Ališan, Ġewond (1895) “բռինչ”, in Haybusak kam haykakan busabaṙutʻiwn [Armenian Botany] (in Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, § 387, page 101, unable to identify the foreign words except نَبَق (nabaq)
  3. ^ Greppin, John A. C. (1997) A Medieval Arabic–Armenian Botanical Dictionary (Studien zur armenischen Geschichte; 16), a separate print of Greppin 1995, Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, § 122, pages 91–92
  4. ^ Taxtadžjan A. L., editor (1962), Flora Armenii [The Flora of Armenia] (in Russian), volume IV, Yerevan: Academy Press, pages 351–352

Further reading[edit]

  • Abeghian, Manuk (1899) Der armenische Volksglaube (in German), Leipzig: Druck von W. Drugulin, page 61
  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “բռինչ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, pages 490–491, noting the formal similarity with the family of Aramaic ברותא (bərōṯā, “cypress”) and leaving the origin open
  • Ališan, Ġewond (1895) “բռինչ”, in Haybusak kam haykakan busabaṙutʻiwn [Armenian Botany] (in Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, § 387, page 101
  • Bedevian, Armenag K. (1936) “Celtis tournefortii”, in Illustrated Polyglottic Dictionary of Plant Names‎[2], Cairo: Argus & Papazian Presses, § 935, page 158, identifying with Celtis tournefortii
  • Bedevian, Armenag K. (1936) “Pyrus aria”, in Illustrated Polyglottic Dictionary of Plant Names‎[3], Cairo: Argus & Papazian Presses, § 2890, page 495, identifying with whitebeam, (Aria edulis, syns. Sorbus aria, Pyrus aria)
  • Bläsing, Uwe (2019) “Die armenischen Pflanzennamen in Peter Simon Pallas’ Flora Rossica. Eine Studie zu Etymologie und sprachlicher Interaktion”, in U. Bläsing, J. Dum-Tragut, T.M. van Lint, editors, Armenian, Hittite, and Indo-European Studies: A Commemoration Volume for Jos J.S. Weitenberg (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 15) (in German), Leuven: Peeters, page 28
  • J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “բռինչ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 141a, tentatively deriving from Proto-Indo-European *bʰren- (“to project”), whence Latin frōns
  • Ġazaryan, Ṙ. S. (1981) “փռշնի”, in Busanunneri hayeren-latineren-ṙuseren-angleren-franseren-germaneren baṙaran [Armenian–Latin–Russian–English–French–German Dictionary of Plant Names], Yerevan: University Press, § 1246, page 98b, identifying with Celtis
  • Ġazaryan, Ṙ. S. (1981) “բռնչի”, in Busanunneri hayeren-latineren-ṙuseren-angleren-franseren-germaneren baṙaran [Armenian–Latin–Russian–English–French–German Dictionary of Plant Names], Yerevan: University Press, § 170, page 18b, identifying with Viburnum opulus
  • Ġazaryan, Ṙ. S., Avetisyan, H. M. (2009) “բռնչի”, in Miǰin hayereni baṙaran [Dictionary of Middle Armenian] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 127a
  • Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, pages 699–701, following Ačaṙean connecting with the family of Aramaic ברותא (bərōṯā, “cypress”) and considering a substrate word
  • Norayr N. Biwzandacʻi (1925) Kʻnnadatutʻiwn Haybusaki [A Critique of Haybusak] (Azgayin matenadaran; 109) (in Armenian), Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, pages 114–116
  • Malxaseancʻ, Stepʻan (1944) “լտտենի”, in Hayerēn bacʻatrakan baṙaran [Armenian Explanatory Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume II, Yerevan: State Publishing House, page 221c
  • Thomson, Robert W. (1996) Rewriting Caucasian History: The Medieval Armenian Adaptation of the Georgian Chronicles. The Original Georgian Texts and the Armenian Adaptation, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 101
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