أدب

See also: ادب‎ and أدت‎

Arabic

Etymology 1

From the root ء د ب‎ (ʾ-d-b), from Persian دب‎ (dab), ultimately from Sumerian 𒁾 (dub).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔa.dab/

Noun

أَدَب • (ʾadab) m (plural آدَاب‎ (ʾādāb))

1. discipline
2. courtesy
3. civility
4. literature, belles-lettres
   • 10th century, Al-Mutanabbi

     ‏أَنَا الَّذِي نَظَرَ الْأَعْمَى إِلَى أَدَبِي / وَأَسْمَعَتْ كَلِمَاتِي مَنْ بِهِ صَمَمُ‎

     ʾanā allaḏī naẓara l-ʾaʿmā ʾilā ʾadabī / waʾasmaʿat kalimātī man bihi ṣamamu

     (please add an English translation of this quote)

5. politeness
6. decency
7. culture

Declension

Declension of noun أَدَب (ʾadab)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَدَب ʾadab	الْأَدَب‎ al-ʾadab	أَدَب ʾadab
Nominative	أَدَبٌ ʾadabun	الْأَدَبُ‎ al-ʾadabu	أَدَبُ ʾadabu
Accusative	أَدَبًا‎ ʾadaban	الْأَدَبَ‎ al-ʾadaba	أَدَبَ ʾadaba
Genitive	أَدَبٍ ʾadabin	الْأَدَبِ‎ al-ʾadabi	أَدَبِ ʾadabi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَدَبَيْن‎ ʾadabayn	الْأَدَبَيْن‎ al-ʾadabayn	أَدَبَيْ‎ ʾadabay
Nominative	أَدَبَانِ‎ ʾadabāni	الْأَدَبَانِ‎ al-ʾadabāni	أَدَبَا‎ ʾadabā
Accusative	أَدَبَيْنِ‎ ʾadabayni	الْأَدَبَيْنِ‎ al-ʾadabayni	أَدَبَيْ‎ ʾadabay
Genitive	أَدَبَيْنِ‎ ʾadabayni	الْأَدَبَيْنِ‎ al-ʾadabayni	أَدَبَيْ‎ ʾadabay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	آدَاب‎ ʾādāb	الْآدَاب‎ al-ʾādāb	آدَاب‎ ʾādāb
Nominative	آدَابٌ‎ ʾādābun	الْآدَابُ‎ al-ʾādābu	آدَابُ‎ ʾādābu
Accusative	آدَابًا‎ ʾādāban	الْآدَابَ‎ al-ʾādāba	آدَابَ‎ ʾādāba
Genitive	آدَابٍ‎ ʾādābin	الْآدَابِ‎ al-ʾādābi	آدَابِ‎ ʾādābi

Descendants

• → Afar: adábi, ádab
• → Azerbaijani: ədəb
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: अदब (adab)

  Urdu: ادب‎ (adab)

• → Malay: adab
• → Persian: ادب‎ (adab)
• → Tausug: adab
• → Turkish: adap

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔad.da.ba/

Verb

أَدَّبَ • (ʾaddaba) II, non-past يُؤَدِّبُ‎‎ (yuʾaddibu)

1. to educate
2. to correct, discipline, chastise

Conjugation

Conjugation of

أَدَّبَ

(form-II sound)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَأْدِيب‎ taʾdīb
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُؤَدِّب‎ muʾaddib
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُؤَدَّب‎ muʾaddab
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	أَدَّبْتُ‎ ʾaddabtu	أَدَّبْتَ‎ ʾaddabta	أَدَّبَ ʾaddaba		أَدَّبْتُمَا‎ ʾaddabtumā	أَدَّبَا‎ ʾaddabā		أَدَّبْنَا‎ ʾaddabnā	أَدَّبْتُمْ‎ ʾaddabtum	أَدَّبُوا‎ ʾaddabū
	f		أَدَّبْتِ‎ ʾaddabti	أَدَّبَتْ‎ ʾaddabat			أَدَّبَتَا‎ ʾaddabatā			أَدَّبْتُنَّ‎ ʾaddabtunna	أَدَّبْنَ‎ ʾaddabna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع	m	أُؤَدِّبُ‎ ʾuʾaddibu	تُؤَدِّبُ‎ tuʾaddibu	يُؤَدِّبُ‎ yuʾaddibu		تُؤَدِّبَانِ‎ tuʾaddibāni	يُؤَدِّبَانِ‎ yuʾaddibāni		نُؤَدِّبُ‎ nuʾaddibu	تُؤَدِّبُونَ‎ tuʾaddibūna	يُؤَدِّبُونَ‎ yuʾaddibūna
	f		تُؤَدِّبِينَ‎ tuʾaddibīna	تُؤَدِّبُ‎ tuʾaddibu			تُؤَدِّبَانِ‎ tuʾaddibāni			تُؤَدِّبْنَ‎ tuʾaddibna	يُؤَدِّبْنَ‎ yuʾaddibna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُؤَدِّبَ‎ ʾuʾaddiba	تُؤَدِّبَ‎ tuʾaddiba	يُؤَدِّبَ‎ yuʾaddiba		تُؤَدِّبَا‎ tuʾaddibā	يُؤَدِّبَا‎ yuʾaddibā		نُؤَدِّبَ‎ nuʾaddiba	تُؤَدِّبُوا‎ tuʾaddibū	يُؤَدِّبُوا‎ yuʾaddibū
	f		تُؤَدِّبِي‎ tuʾaddibī	تُؤَدِّبَ‎ tuʾaddiba			تُؤَدِّبَا‎ tuʾaddibā			تُؤَدِّبْنَ‎ tuʾaddibna	يُؤَدِّبْنَ‎ yuʾaddibna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُؤَدِّبْ‎ ʾuʾaddib	تُؤَدِّبْ‎ tuʾaddib	يُؤَدِّبْ‎ yuʾaddib		تُؤَدِّبَا‎ tuʾaddibā	يُؤَدِّبَا‎ yuʾaddibā		نُؤَدِّبْ‎ nuʾaddib	تُؤَدِّبُوا‎ tuʾaddibū	يُؤَدِّبُوا‎ yuʾaddibū
	f		تُؤَدِّبِي‎ tuʾaddibī	تُؤَدِّبْ‎ tuʾaddib			تُؤَدِّبَا‎ tuʾaddibā			تُؤَدِّبْنَ‎ tuʾaddibna	يُؤَدِّبْنَ‎ yuʾaddibna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		أَدِّبْ ʾaddib			أَدِّبَا‎ ʾaddibā				أَدِّبُوا‎ ʾaddibū
	f		أَدِّبِي‎ ʾaddibī							أَدِّبْنَ‎ ʾaddibna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	أُدِّبْتُ‎ ʾuddibtu	أُدِّبْتَ‎ ʾuddibta	أُدِّبَ ʾuddiba		أُدِّبْتُمَا‎ ʾuddibtumā	أُدِّبَا‎ ʾuddibā		أُدِّبْنَا‎ ʾuddibnā	أُدِّبْتُمْ‎ ʾuddibtum	أُدِّبُوا‎ ʾuddibū
	f		أُدِّبْتِ‎ ʾuddibti	أُدِّبَتْ‎ ʾuddibat			أُدِّبَتَا‎ ʾuddibatā			أُدِّبْتُنَّ‎ ʾuddibtunna	أُدِّبْنَ‎ ʾuddibna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع	m	أُؤَدَّبُ‎ ʾuʾaddabu	تُؤَدَّبُ‎ tuʾaddabu	يُؤَدَّبُ‎ yuʾaddabu		تُؤَدَّبَانِ‎ tuʾaddabāni	يُؤَدَّبَانِ‎ yuʾaddabāni		نُؤَدَّبُ‎ nuʾaddabu	تُؤَدَّبُونَ‎ tuʾaddabūna	يُؤَدَّبُونَ‎ yuʾaddabūna
	f		تُؤَدَّبِينَ‎ tuʾaddabīna	تُؤَدَّبُ‎ tuʾaddabu			تُؤَدَّبَانِ‎ tuʾaddabāni			تُؤَدَّبْنَ‎ tuʾaddabna	يُؤَدَّبْنَ‎ yuʾaddabna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُؤَدَّبَ‎ ʾuʾaddaba	تُؤَدَّبَ‎ tuʾaddaba	يُؤَدَّبَ‎ yuʾaddaba		تُؤَدَّبَا‎ tuʾaddabā	يُؤَدَّبَا‎ yuʾaddabā		نُؤَدَّبَ‎ nuʾaddaba	تُؤَدَّبُوا‎ tuʾaddabū	يُؤَدَّبُوا‎ yuʾaddabū
	f		تُؤَدَّبِي‎ tuʾaddabī	تُؤَدَّبَ‎ tuʾaddaba			تُؤَدَّبَا‎ tuʾaddabā			تُؤَدَّبْنَ‎ tuʾaddabna	يُؤَدَّبْنَ‎ yuʾaddabna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُؤَدَّبْ‎ ʾuʾaddab	تُؤَدَّبْ‎ tuʾaddab	يُؤَدَّبْ‎ yuʾaddab		تُؤَدَّبَا‎ tuʾaddabā	يُؤَدَّبَا‎ yuʾaddabā		نُؤَدَّبْ‎ nuʾaddab	تُؤَدَّبُوا‎ tuʾaddabū	يُؤَدَّبُوا‎ yuʾaddabū
	f		تُؤَدَّبِي‎ tuʾaddabī	تُؤَدَّبْ‎ tuʾaddab			تُؤَدَّبَا‎ tuʾaddabā			تُؤَدَّبْنَ‎ tuʾaddabna	يُؤَدَّبْنَ‎ yuʾaddabna

Etymology 3

Verb

أَدِبُّ • (ʾadibbu) (form I)

1. first-person singular non-past active indicative of دَبَّ‎ (dabba)

Verb

أَدِبَّ • (ʾadibba) (form I)

1. first-person singular non-past active subjunctive of دَبَّ‎ (dabba)
2. first-person singular non-past active jussive of دَبَّ‎ (dabba)

Verb

أَدِبِّ • (ʾadibbi) (form I)

1. first-person singular non-past active jussive of دَبَّ‎ (dabba)