قهوة

See also: قهوه and قہوہ

Arabic

Etymology

Disputed origin; originally meaning a "brew" first referring to mulled wine, as the drink was traditionally mixed and served hot in a similar manner, featuring many overlapping spices and the hospitality etiquette of modern day Arab coffee culture. Culturally other words were re-purposed from wine to coffee with the advent of the traditionalist Muslim prohibition on alcohol. Other synonyms for "to brew" utilize the same trilateral roots as wine and intoxicants; see خ م ر (ḵ-m-r) to cover over, presumably with hot water, to let sit, to steep, to let ferment or to give suitable time for food to be prepared for use. Alternatively, some sources trace the term back to the Omotic Kaffa, the name of the region in Ethiopia where coffee was first grown; however, the word is used to mean wine in earliest Arabic, more than half a millennium before this Kingdom existed which makes any associations dubious.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /qah.wa/
  • IPA^(key): /ʔah.wa/
  • IPA^(key): /ɡah.wa/
  • IPA^(key): /ɡha.wa/
  • IPA^(key): /ʔahwɛ/
  • IPA^(key): /ɡahwɛ/
  • IPA^(key): /kahwɛ/
  • IPA^(key): /qah.wa/

Noun

قَهْوَة • (qahwa) f (plural قَهَوَات (qahawāt) or قَهَاوٍ (qahāwin), plural construct state قَهَاوِي (qahāwī)) (usually uncountable)

1. (obsolete) wine
   • c. 800, إبراهيم بن المهدي, ‎فما مزه قهوة قرقف شمولا تروق براووقها‎:

     فما مزه قهوة قرقف شمولا تروق براووقها

     What he slurps of wine from a bowl, it wholly gets strained by its sifter.

2. coffee (the drink)
3. (colloquial) coffee shop, café

Declension

Declension of noun قَهْوَة (qahwa)

Singular	singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	قَهْوَة qahwa	الْقَهْوَة al-qahwa	قَهْوَة qahwat
Nominative	قَهْوَةٌ qahwatun	الْقَهْوَةُ al-qahwatu	قَهْوَةُ qahwatu
Accusative	قَهْوَةً qahwatan	الْقَهْوَةَ al-qahwata	قَهْوَةَ qahwata
Genitive	قَهْوَةٍ qahwatin	الْقَهْوَةِ al-qahwati	قَهْوَةِ qahwati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	قَهْوَتَيْن qahwatayn	الْقَهْوَتَيْن al-qahwatayn	قَهْوَتَيْ qahwatay
Nominative	قَهْوَتَانِ qahwatāni	الْقَهْوَتَانِ al-qahwatāni	قَهْوَتَا qahwatā
Accusative	قَهْوَتَيْنِ qahwatayni	الْقَهْوَتَيْنِ al-qahwatayni	قَهْوَتَيْ qahwatay
Genitive	قَهْوَتَيْنِ qahwatayni	الْقَهْوَتَيْنِ al-qahwatayni	قَهْوَتَيْ qahwatay
Plural	sound feminine plural‎; broken plural diptote in ـٍ (-in)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	قَهَوَات‎; قَهَاوِي qahawāt‎; qahāwī	الْقَهَوَات‎; الْقَهَاوِي al-qahawāt‎; al-qahāwī	قَهَوَات‎; قَهَاوِي qahawāt‎; qahāwī
Nominative	قَهَوَاتٌ‎; قَهَاوٍ qahawātun‎; qahāwin	الْقَهَوَاتُ‎; الْقَهَاوِي al-qahawātu‎; al-qahāwī	قَهَوَاتُ‎; قَهَاوِي qahawātu‎; qahāwī
Accusative	قَهَوَاتٍ‎; قَهَاوِيَ qahawātin‎; qahāwiya	الْقَهَوَاتِ‎; الْقَهَاوِيَ al-qahawāti‎; al-qahāwiya	قَهَوَاتِ‎; قَهَاوِيَ qahawāti‎; qahāwiya
Genitive	قَهَوَاتٍ‎; قَهَاوٍ qahawātin‎; qahāwin	الْقَهَوَاتِ‎; الْقَهَاوِي al-qahawāti‎; al-qahāwī	قَهَوَاتِ‎; قَهَاوِي qahawāti‎; qahāwī

Derived terms

• مَقْهًى m (maqhan)

Related terms

• أَقْهَى (ʔaqhā)

Descendants

• → Malay: kahwa
• → Persian: قهوه (qahve)
  • Tajik: қаҳва (qahva)
  • → Gujarati: કહવા (kahvā)
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: क़हवा (qahvā)

    Urdu: قَہْوَہ (qahva)

  • → Punjabi: قَہْوَہ (qahvah)
  • → Sindhi: قَهِوو (qahivo)

See also

• بُنّ m (bunn)
• شَاي m (šāy)
• نَبِيذ m (nabīḏ)

References

• Freytag, Georg (1835) “قهوة”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[1] (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 511
• Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “قهوة”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎^[2] (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, page 829
• Wehr, Hans (1979) “قهوة”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, pages 929–930

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Gulf Arabic

Alternative forms

• گهوة

Etymology

From Arabic قَهْوَة (qahwa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡəh.wə/
• IPA^(key): /ˈɡha.wa/

Noun

قَهْوَة • (gəhwə) f (plural قَهْوات (gəhwat) ‎(sense 1), قَهَاوِي (gəhawi)).

1. coffee
2. coffee shop, a traditional social gathering places where men gather.
3. (rare) café

   Synonym: كافيه (kafe)

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Hijazi Arabic

قَهْوَة

Etymology

From Arabic قَهْوَة (qahwa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡah.wa/

Noun

قَهْوَة • (gahwa) f (plural قَهْوات ‎(gahwāt))

1. coffee
2. (rare) coffee shop, café

See also

• بُن m (bunn, “coffee beans”)