भोजन

See also: भाजन and भेजना

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit भोजन (bhójana).

Pronunciation

(Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /bʱoː.d͡ʒən/, [bʱoː.d͡ʒɐ̃n]

Noun

भोजन • (bhojan) m (Urdu spelling بھوجَن)

(formal) food
Synonyms: see Thesaurus:भोजन

Declension

Declension of *भोजन* (masc cons-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	भोजन bhojan	भोजन bhojan
oblique	भोजन bhojan	भोजनों bhojanõ
vocative	भोजन bhojan	भोजनो bhojano

Derived terms

भोजन-शाला (bhojan-śālā)
भोजन-सूची (bhojan-sūcī)
भोजनालय (bhojnālay)

References

McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “भोजन”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit भोजन (bhojana). First attested as Old Marathi 𑘥𑘻𑘕𑘡 (bhojana).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bʱo.d͡ʑən/
Hyphenation: भो‧जन
Rhymes: -ən

Noun

भोजन • (bhojan) m (literary, rare)

food
meal

Declension

Declension of **भोजन** (masc cons-stem)
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	भोजन bhojan	भोजन bhojan
oblique सामान्यरूप	भोजना bhojnā	भोजनां- bhojnā̃-
accusative / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	भोजनाला bhojnālā	भोजनांना bhojnānnā
ergative	भोजनाने, भोजनानं bhojnāne, bhojnāna	भोजनांनी bhojnānnī
instrumental	भोजनाशी bhojnāśī	भोजनांशी bhojnāuśī
locative सप्तमी	भोजनात bhojnāt	भोजनांत bhojnānta
vocative संबोधन	भोजना bhojnā	भोजनांनो bhojnānno

Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions.
There is no space between the stem and the postposition.
Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of **भोजन** (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular^* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	oblique सामान्यरूप
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	भोजनाचा bhojnācā	भोजनाचे bhojnāce	भोजनाची bhojnācī	भोजनाच्या bhojnācyā	भोजनाचे, भोजनाचं bhojnāce, bhojnāca	भोजनाची bhojnācī	भोजनाच्या bhojnācyā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	भोजनांचा bhojnāñcā	भोजनांचे bhojnāñce	भोजनांची bhojnāñcī	भोजनांच्या bhojnāñcyā	भोजनांचे, भोजनांचं bhojnāñce, bhojnāñca	भोजनांची bhojnāñcī	भोजनांच्या bhojnāñcyā

^* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a).
Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Synonyms

जेवण (jevaṇ)

References

Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “भोजन”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
Shankar Gopal Tulpule; Anne Feldhaus (1999), “भोजन”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

bhojana (Latin script)
𑀪𑁄𑀚𑀦 (Brahmi script)
ভোজন (Bengali script)
භොජන (Sinhalese script)
ဘောဇန or ꧤေႃၹၼ (Burmese script)
โภชน or โภชะนะ (Thai script)
ᨽᩮᩣᨩᨶ (Tai Tham script)
ໂຠຊນ or ໂຠຊະນະ (Lao script)
ភោជន (Khmer script)
𑄞𑄮𑄎𑄚 (Chakma script)

Noun

भोजन n

Devanagari script form of bhojana (“meal”)

Declension

Declension table of "भोजन" (neuter)

Case / Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	भोजनं (bhojanaṃ)	भोजनानि (bhojanāni)
Accusative (second)	भोजनं (bhojanaṃ)	भोजनानि (bhojanāni)
Instrumental (third)	भोजनेन (bhojanena)	भोजनेहि (bhojanehi) or भोजनेभि (bhojanebhi)
Dative (fourth)	भोजनस्स (bhojanassa) or भोजनाय (bhojanāya) or भोजनत्थं (bhojanatthaṃ)	भोजनानं (bhojanānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	भोजनस्मा (bhojanasmā) or भोजनम्हा (bhojanamhā) or भोजना (bhojanā)	भोजनेहि (bhojanehi) or भोजनेभि (bhojanebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	भोजनस्स (bhojanassa)	भोजनानं (bhojanānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	भोजनस्मिं (bhojanasmiṃ) or भोजनम्हि (bhojanamhi) or भोजने (bhojane)	भोजनेसु (bhojanesu)
Vocative (calling)	भोजन (bhojana)	भोजनानि (bhojanāni)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

ভোজন (Assamese script)
ᬪᭀᬚᬦ (Balinese script)
ভোজন (Bengali script)
𑰥𑰺𑰕𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀪𑁄𑀚𑀦 (Brahmi script)
ဘောဇန (Burmese script)
ભોજન (Gujarati script)
ਭੋਜਨ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌭𑍋𑌜𑌨 (Grantha script)
ꦨꦺꦴꦗꦤ (Javanese script)
𑂦𑂷𑂔𑂢 (Kaithi script)
ಭೋಜನ (Kannada script)
ភោជន (Khmer script)
ໂຠຊນ (Lao script)
ഭോജന (Malayalam script)
ᢨᠣᡯᠠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘥𑘻𑘕𑘡 (Modi script)
ᠪᠾᠣᠸᠠᠽᠠᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑧅𑧜𑦵𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
𑐨𑑀𑐖𑐣 (Newa script)
ଭୋଜନ (Odia script)
ꢩꣂꢙꢥ (Saurashtra script)
𑆨𑆾𑆘𑆤 (Sharada script)
𑖥𑖺𑖕𑖡 (Siddham script)
භොජන (Sinhalese script)
𑩳𑩕𑩣𑩯 (Soyombo script)
𑚡𑚴𑚑𑚝 (Takri script)
பே⁴ாஜந (Tamil script)
భోజన (Telugu script)
โภชน (Thai script)
བྷོ་ཛ་ན (Tibetan script)
𑒦𑒼𑒖𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
𑨡𑨆𑨥𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From the root भुज् (bhuj) +‎ -अन (-ana), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewg- (“to enjoy”).^[1]

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /bʱɐ́u̯.d͡ʑɐ.nɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /bʱoː.d͡ʑɐ.n̪ɐ/

Noun

भोज॑न • (bhójana) stem, n

the act of enjoying, using
the act of eating
a meal, food
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.13.4:
  प्र॒जाभ्यः॑ पु॒ष्टिं वि॒भज॑न्त आसते र॒यिमि॑व पृ॒ष्ठं प्र॒भव॑न्तमाय॒ते।
  असि॑न्व॒न्दंष्ट्रैः॑ पि॒तुर॑त्ति॒ भोज॑नं॒ यस्ताकृ॑णोः प्रथ॒मं सास्यु॒क्थ्यः॑॥
  prajā́bhyaḥ puṣṭíṃ vibhájanta āsate rayímiva pṛṣṭháṃ prabhávantamāyaté.
  ásinvandáṃṣṭraiḥ pitúratti bhójanaṃ yástā́kṛṇoḥ prathamáṃ sā́syukthyàḥ.
  Dealing out food unto their people there they sit, like wealth to him who comes, more than the back can bear.
  Greedily with his teeth he eats the master's food.
  You (Indra) who did these things first are worthy of our praises.
anything enjoyed or used, property, possession
enjoyment, any object of enjoyment or the pleasure caused by it
the act of giving to eat, feeding
dressing food, cooking

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of भोज॑न
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	भोज॑नम् (bhójanam)	भोज॑ने (bhójane)	भोज॑नानि (bhójanāni) भोज॑ना¹ (bhójanā¹)
accusative	भोज॑नम् (bhójanam)	भोज॑ने (bhójane)	भोज॑नानि (bhójanāni) भोज॑ना¹ (bhójanā¹)
instrumental	भोज॑नेन (bhójanena)	भोज॑नाभ्याम् (bhójanābhyām)	भोज॑नैः (bhójanaiḥ) भोज॑नेभिः¹ (bhójanebhiḥ¹)
dative	भोज॑नाय (bhójanāya)	भोज॑नाभ्याम् (bhójanābhyām)	भोज॑नेभ्यः (bhójanebhyaḥ)
ablative	भोज॑नात् (bhójanāt)	भोज॑नाभ्याम् (bhójanābhyām)	भोज॑नेभ्यः (bhójanebhyaḥ)
genitive	भोज॑नस्य (bhójanasya)	भोज॑नयोः (bhójanayoḥ)	भोज॑नानाम् (bhójanānām)
locative	भोज॑ने (bhójane)	भोज॑नयोः (bhójanayoḥ)	भोज॑नेषु (bhójaneṣu)
vocative	भोज॑न (bhójana)	भोज॑ने (bhójane)	भोज॑नानि (bhójanāni) भोज॑ना¹ (bhójanā¹)

¹Vedic

Adjective

भोज॑न • (bhójana) stem

feeding, giving to eat (said of Shiva)
voracious

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of भोज॑न
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	भोज॑नः (bhójanaḥ)	भोज॑नौ (bhójanau) भोज॑ना¹ (bhójanā¹)	भोज॑नाः (bhójanāḥ) भोज॑नासः¹ (bhójanāsaḥ¹)
accusative	भोज॑नम् (bhójanam)	भोज॑नौ (bhójanau) भोज॑ना¹ (bhójanā¹)	भोज॑नान् (bhójanān)
instrumental	भोज॑नेन (bhójanena)	भोज॑नाभ्याम् (bhójanābhyām)	भोज॑नैः (bhójanaiḥ) भोज॑नेभिः¹ (bhójanebhiḥ¹)
dative	भोज॑नाय (bhójanāya)	भोज॑नाभ्याम् (bhójanābhyām)	भोज॑नेभ्यः (bhójanebhyaḥ)
ablative	भोज॑नात् (bhójanāt)	भोज॑नाभ्याम् (bhójanābhyām)	भोज॑नेभ्यः (bhójanebhyaḥ)
genitive	भोज॑नस्य (bhójanasya)	भोज॑नयोः (bhójanayoḥ)	भोज॑नानाम् (bhójanānām)
locative	भोज॑ने (bhójane)	भोज॑नयोः (bhójanayoḥ)	भोज॑नेषु (bhójaneṣu)
vocative	भोज॑न (bhójana)	भोज॑नौ (bhójanau) भोज॑ना¹ (bhójanā¹)	भोज॑नाः (bhójanāḥ) भोज॑नासः¹ (bhójanāsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Feminine ī-stem declension of भोज॑नी
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	भोज॑नी (bhójanī)	भोज॑न्यौ (bhójanyau) भोज॑नी¹ (bhójanī¹)	भोज॑न्यः (bhójanyaḥ) भोज॑नीः¹ (bhójanīḥ¹)
accusative	भोज॑नीम् (bhójanīm)	भोज॑न्यौ (bhójanyau) भोज॑नी¹ (bhójanī¹)	भोज॑नीः (bhójanīḥ)
instrumental	भोज॑न्या (bhójanyā)	भोज॑नीभ्याम् (bhójanībhyām)	भोज॑नीभिः (bhójanībhiḥ)
dative	भोज॑न्यै (bhójanyai)	भोज॑नीभ्याम् (bhójanībhyām)	भोज॑नीभ्यः (bhójanībhyaḥ)
ablative	भोज॑न्याः (bhójanyāḥ) भोज॑न्यै² (bhójanyai²)	भोज॑नीभ्याम् (bhójanībhyām)	भोज॑नीभ्यः (bhójanībhyaḥ)
genitive	भोज॑न्याः (bhójanyāḥ) भोज॑न्यै² (bhójanyai²)	भोज॑न्योः (bhójanyoḥ)	भोज॑नीनाम् (bhójanīnām)
locative	भोज॑न्याम् (bhójanyām)	भोज॑न्योः (bhójanyoḥ)	भोज॑नीषु (bhójanīṣu)
vocative	भोज॑नि (bhójani)	भोज॑न्यौ (bhójanyau) भोज॑नी¹ (bhójanī¹)	भोज॑न्यः (bhójanyaḥ) भोज॑नीः¹ (bhójanīḥ¹)

¹Vedic
²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of भोज॑न
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	भोज॑नम् (bhójanam)	भोज॑ने (bhójane)	भोज॑नानि (bhójanāni) भोज॑ना¹ (bhójanā¹)
accusative	भोज॑नम् (bhójanam)	भोज॑ने (bhójane)	भोज॑नानि (bhójanāni) भोज॑ना¹ (bhójanā¹)
instrumental	भोज॑नेन (bhójanena)	भोज॑नाभ्याम् (bhójanābhyām)	भोज॑नैः (bhójanaiḥ) भोज॑नेभिः¹ (bhójanebhiḥ¹)
dative	भोज॑नाय (bhójanāya)	भोज॑नाभ्याम् (bhójanābhyām)	भोज॑नेभ्यः (bhójanebhyaḥ)
ablative	भोज॑नात् (bhójanāt)	भोज॑नाभ्याम् (bhójanābhyām)	भोज॑नेभ्यः (bhójanebhyaḥ)
genitive	भोज॑नस्य (bhójanasya)	भोज॑नयोः (bhójanayoḥ)	भोज॑नानाम् (bhójanānām)
locative	भोज॑ने (bhójane)	भोज॑नयोः (bhójanayoḥ)	भोज॑नेषु (bhójaneṣu)
vocative	भोज॑न (bhójana)	भोज॑ने (bhójane)	भोज॑नानि (bhójanāni) भोज॑ना¹ (bhójanā¹)

¹Vedic

Proper noun

भोज॑न • (bhójana) stem, m

name of a mountain

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of भोज॑न
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	भोज॑नः (bhójanaḥ)	भोज॑नौ (bhójanau) भोज॑ना¹ (bhójanā¹)	भोज॑नाः (bhójanāḥ) भोज॑नासः¹ (bhójanāsaḥ¹)
accusative	भोज॑नम् (bhójanam)	भोज॑नौ (bhójanau) भोज॑ना¹ (bhójanā¹)	भोज॑नान् (bhójanān)
instrumental	भोज॑नेन (bhójanena)	भोज॑नाभ्याम् (bhójanābhyām)	भोज॑नैः (bhójanaiḥ) भोज॑नेभिः¹ (bhójanebhiḥ¹)
dative	भोज॑नाय (bhójanāya)	भोज॑नाभ्याम् (bhójanābhyām)	भोज॑नेभ्यः (bhójanebhyaḥ)
ablative	भोज॑नात् (bhójanāt)	भोज॑नाभ्याम् (bhójanābhyām)	भोज॑नेभ्यः (bhójanebhyaḥ)
genitive	भोज॑नस्य (bhójanasya)	भोज॑नयोः (bhójanayoḥ)	भोज॑नानाम् (bhójanānām)
locative	भोज॑ने (bhójane)	भोज॑नयोः (bhójanayoḥ)	भोज॑नेषु (bhójaneṣu)
vocative	भोज॑न (bhójana)	भोज॑नौ (bhójanau) भोज॑ना¹ (bhójanā¹)	भोज॑नाः (bhójanāḥ) भोज॑नासः¹ (bhójanāsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Descendants

Pali: bhojana
- → Khmer: ភោជន (phoocŭən)
- → Thai: โภชน, โภชะนะ
Prakrit: 𑀪𑁄𑀅𑀡 (bhoaṇa)
- → Kannada: ಬೋನ (bōna)
- → Tamil: போனகம் (pōṉakam); போனம் (pōṉam)
- → Telugu: బోనము (bōnamu)
- → Tulu: ಬೋನ (bōna)
→ Gujarati: ભોજન (bhojan) (learned)
→ Hindustani: (learned)
Hindi: भोजन (bhojan)

Urdu: بھوجَن (bhojan)
→ Kannada: ಭೋಜನ (bhōjana) (learned)
→ Marathi: भोजन (bhojan) (learned)
→ Odia: ଭୋଜନ (bhojana) (learned)
→ Punjabi: (learned)
Gurmukhi script: ਭੋਜਨ (bhojan)

Shahmukhi script: بھوجَن (bhojan)
→ Tamil: போசனம் (pōcaṉam), போஜனம் (pōjaṉam)
→ Telugu: భోజనము (bhōjanamu)

References

^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “BHOJ² (> line 19 > bhójana- n. Erquickung, Ernährung)”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 275

Hindi

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

References

Marathi

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Synonyms

References

Pali

Alternative forms

Noun

Declension

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Adjective

Declension

Proper noun

Declension

Descendants

References

Further reading