वार्
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- वारि (vāri)
Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- ৱাৰ্ (Assamese script)
- ᬯᬵᬃ (Balinese script)
- বার্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰪𑰯𑰨𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀯𑀸𑀭𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- ဝါရ် (Burmese script)
- વાર્ (Gujarati script)
- ਵਾਰ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌵𑌾𑌰𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦮꦴꦂ (Javanese script)
- 𑂫𑂰𑂩𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ವಾರ್ (Kannada script)
- វារ៑ (Khmer script)
- ວາຣ຺ (Lao script)
- വാര് (Malayalam script)
- ᠸᠠ᠊ᠠᡵ (Manchu script)
- 𑘪𑘰𑘨𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᠸᠠᢗᠷ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧊𑧑𑧈𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐰𑐵𑐬𑑂 (Newa script)
- ଵାର୍ (Odia script)
- ꢮꢵꢬ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆮𑆳𑆫𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖪𑖯𑖨𑖿 (Siddham script)
- වාර් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩾𑩛𑩼 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚦𑚭𑚤𑚶 (Takri script)
- வார் (Tamil script)
- వార్ (Telugu script)
- วารฺ (Thai script)
- ཝཱ་ར྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒫𑒰𑒩𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨭𑨊𑨫𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wáHr̥,[1] derived from Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥ (through the "Kortlandt effect", which posits that *d becomes *h₁ under certain conditions). Compare Avestan 𐬬𐬁𐬭 (vār), Persian باران (bârân, “rain”), Latin ūrīna, ūrīnārī, Old English ūrig (“moist”), Old Prussian wurs (“pool”), perhaps Old Armenian գայռ (gayṙ, “mud”) and Proto-Slavic *varъ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]वार् • (vā́r) stem, n
- water
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.145.6:
- उप॑ ते ऽधां॒ सह॑मानाम् अ॒भि त्वा॑धां॒ सही॑यसा ।
माम् अनु॒ प्र ते॒ मनो॑ व॒त्सं गौर् इ॑व धावतु प॒था वार् इ॑व धावतु ॥- úpa te ʼdhāṃ sáhamānām abhí tvādhāṃ sáhīyasā.
mā́m ánu prá te máno vatsáṃ gáur iva dhāvatu pathā́ vā́r iva dhāvatu. - I have laid the victory-giving herb upon you [O co-wife]; I have entwined you with the mighty power of victory.<mr> Let your mind run to me like a cow runs behind its calf, like water runs along its path.
- úpa te ʼdhāṃ sáhamānām abhí tvādhāṃ sáhīyasā.
- उप॑ ते ऽधां॒ सह॑मानाम् अ॒भि त्वा॑धां॒ सही॑यसा ।
- stagnant water, a pond, pool
Usage notes
[edit]In the Rigveda, वार् (vā́r) is only attested in the nom./acc.sg. and forms a suppletive paradigm with उदन् (udán).
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | वाः (vā́ḥ) | वा॒री (vārī́) | वारि॑ (vā́ri) |
| accusative | वाः (vā́ḥ) | वा॒री (vārī́) | वारि॑ (vā́ri) |
| instrumental | वा॒रा (vārā́) | वा॒र्भ्याम् (vārbhyā́m) | वा॒र्भिः (vārbhíḥ) |
| dative | वा॒रे (vāré) | वा॒र्भ्याम् (vārbhyā́m) | वा॒र्भ्यः (vārbhyáḥ) |
| ablative | वा॒रः (vāráḥ) | वा॒र्भ्याम् (vārbhyā́m) | वा॒र्भ्यः (vārbhyáḥ) |
| genitive | वा॒रः (vāráḥ) | वा॒रोः (vāróḥ) | वा॒राम् (vārā́m) |
| locative | वा॒रि (vārí) | वा॒रोः (vāróḥ) | वा॒र्षु (vārṣú) |
| vocative | वाः (vā́ḥ) | वारी॑ (vā́rī) | वारि॑ (vā́ri) |
References
[edit]- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “vā́r-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 544
Further reading
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899), “वार्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 943, column 1.
- Lubotsky, Alexander (2013), “The Vedic Paradigm for ‘water’”, in Adam Cooper, Jeremy Rau, and Michael Weiss, editors, Multi Nominis Grammaticus: Studies in Classical and Indo-European Linguistics in Honor Of Alan J. Nussbaum, on the Occasion of His Sixty-fifth Birthday, Beech Stave Press, →ISBN
Categories:
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wed-
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit neuter nouns
- Sanskrit terms with quotations
- Sanskrit root-stem nouns