pool
English[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /puːl/
Audio (Southern England) (file) - (US, Canada) IPA(key): /pul/, [pʰuɫ], [pʰuəɫ]
- Rhymes: -uːl
- Homophone: Poole
Etymology 1[edit]
From Middle English pool, pole, pol, from Old English pōl (“pool”), from Proto-Germanic *pōlaz (“pool, pond”), from Proto-Indo-European *bōlos (“bog, marsh”). Cognate with Scots puil (“pool”), Saterland Frisian Pol (“pool”), West Frisian poel (“pool”), Dutch poel (“pool”), Low German Pohl, Pul (“pool”), German Pfuhl (“quagmire, mudhole”), Danish pøl (“puddle”), Swedish pöl (“puddle, pool”), Icelandic pollur (“puddle”), Lithuanian bala (“bog, marsh, swamp, pool”), Latvian bala (“a muddly, treeless depression”), Russian боло́то (bolóto, “swamp, bog, marsh”).
Noun[edit]
pool (plural pools)
- A small and rather deep area of (usually) fresh water, as one supplied by a spring, or occurring in the course of a stream or river; a reservoir for water.
- the pools of Solomon
- the Pool of London
- 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act IV, scene i], page 15, column 2:
- […] at laſt I left them
I’ th’ filthy mantled poole beyond your Cell,
There dancing vp to th’ chins, that the fowle Lake
Ore-ſtunck their feet.
- 1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Marriage And Single Life. VIII.”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, OCLC 863521290, page 37:
- A Single Life doth well with Church-men : For Charitie will hardly water the Ground, where it muſt firſt fill a Poole.
- 1833, Alfred Tennyson, “The Miller's Daughter”, in Poems, 5th edition, Edward Moxon, published 1848, page 86:
- I loved the brimming wave that swam
Thro’ quiet meadows round the mill,
The sleepy pool above the dam,
The pool beneath it never still,
The meal-sacks on the whiten’d floor,
The dark round of the dripping wheel,
The very air about the door
Made misty with the floating meal.
- Any small body of standing or stagnant water; a puddle.
- Ellipsis of swimming pool.
- A supply of resources.
- There is a limited pool of candidates from which to choose the new manager.
- dating pool
- 1962 June, Rupert Shervington, “The planning and execution of the Kent Coast electrification”, in Modern Railways, page 390:
- The 4-BEP and 4-CEP stock is maintained in a common pool for both Chatham and South Eastern fast main-line services.
- 2020 October 15, Alana Semuels, “Workers Who Were Laid Off Say They're Being Passed Over—For Their Own Jobs”, in Time[1]:
- This is not necessarily surprising; employers often use recessions to pay new workers less because they have such a large pool of potential applicants to choose from, says Ruth Milkman, the Labor Studies Chair at the City University of New York’s School of Labor and Urban Studies.
- (by extension, computing) A set of resources that are kept ready to use.
- A small amount of liquid on a surface.
- a pool of blood
- A localized glow of light.
- 1991, Stephen King, Needful Things:
- He walked slowly, passing through one pool of light after another, his shadow running tall across the fronts of the barber shop, the Western Auto, the video-rental shop.
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
Translations[edit]
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Verb[edit]
pool (third-person singular simple present pools, present participle pooling, simple past and past participle pooled)
- (intransitive, of a liquid) To form a pool.
Etymology 2[edit]
From French poule (“collective stakes in a game”). The OED suggests that this may be a transferred use of poule (“hen”), which has been explained anecdotally as deriving from an old informal betting game in France - 'jeu de poule' - Game of Chicken (or Hen, literally) in which poule became synonymous with the combined money pot claimed by the winner.
Noun[edit]
pool (plural pools)
- (games, uncountable) A game at billiards, in which each of the players stakes a certain sum, the winner taking the whole; also, in public billiard rooms, a game in which the loser pays the entrance fee for all who engage in the game.
- (sports) A cue sport played on a pool table. There are 15 balls, 7 of one colour, 7 of another, and the black ball (also called the 8 ball). A player must pocket all their own colour balls and then the black ball in order to win.
- 1848, William Makepeace Thackeray, The Book of Snobs Chapter 23
- He plays pool at the billiard-houses, and may be seen engaged at cards and dominoes of forenoons.
- 1848, William Makepeace Thackeray, The Book of Snobs Chapter 23
- In rifle shooting, a contest in which each competitor pays a certain sum for every shot he makes, the net proceeds being divided among the winners.
- (fencing) A group of fencers taking part in a competition.
- Synonym: poule
- Any gambling or commercial venture in which several persons join.
- The stake played for in certain games of cards, billiards, etc.; an aggregated stake to which each player has contributed a share; also, the receptacle for the stakes.
- A combination of persons contributing money to be used for the purpose of increasing or depressing the market price of stocks, grain, or other commodities; also, the aggregate of the sums so contributed.
- The pool took all the wheat offered below the limit.
- He put $10,000 into the pool.
- A set of players in quadrille etc.
- (rail transport) A mutual arrangement between competing lines, by which the receipts of all are aggregated, and then distributed pro rata according to agreement.
- (law) An aggregation of properties or rights, belonging to different people in a community, in a common fund, to be charged with common liabilities.
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
Verb[edit]
pool (third-person singular simple present pools, present participle pooling, simple past and past participle pooled)
- (transitive) To put together; contribute to a common fund, on the basis of a mutual division of profits or losses; to make a common interest of.
- We must pool our resources.
- 1920, Frank L. Packard, The White Moll Chapter 4
- “She must be exceedingly clever to have beaten the police the way she has for the last few years; and—er—I worship at the shrine of cleverness—especially if it be a woman’s. The idea struck me last night that if she and I should—er—pool our resources, we should not have to complain of the reward.”
“Oh, so youse wants to work wid her, eh?” sniffed Rhoda Gray. “So dat’s it, is it?”
- “She must be exceedingly clever to have beaten the police the way she has for the last few years; and—er—I worship at the shrine of cleverness—especially if it be a woman’s. The idea struck me last night that if she and I should—er—pool our resources, we should not have to complain of the reward.”
- 2007 November, Elizabeth Drake, “Combine and conquer: Use these winning food pairings to protect your health”, in Men's Health, volume 22, number 9, ISSN 1054-4836, page 124:
- It all started 6 years ago, as Rutgers University scientists Allan Conney, Ph.D., and George C. Wagner, Ph.D., chatted at an office get-together. […] From this conversation, the two decided to pool their knowledge and join forces.
- 27 February 2010, Barack Obama, Presidential Weekly Address - Time for Us to Act
- Many on both sides agreed that we should give small businesses and individuals the ability to participate in a new insurance marketplace – which members of Congress would also use – that would allow them to pool their purchasing power and get a better deal from insurance companies.
- (intransitive) To combine or contribute with others, as for a commercial, speculative, or gambling transaction.
Translations[edit]
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Anagrams[edit]
Dutch[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Latin polus, which itself is from Ancient Greek πόλος (pólos, “axis”). Cognate with English pole.
Pronunciation[edit]
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: pool
Noun[edit]
pool c (plural polen, diminutive pooltje n)
- magnetic pole (especially of the Earth and other celestial bodies)
- electrical pole (e.g. of a battery)
- (figuratively) an opposing side of a principle or a doctrine
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: pool
Noun[edit]
pool m (plural pools, diminutive pooltje n)
- a gambling venture such as a football pool
- the stake involved in such a venture
- an arrangement where people pool in money to share one resource such as a carpool
- (sports) pool
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
From Middle Dutch pool, from Old French poil, from Latin pilus (“hair”). Cognate with English pile.
Pronunciation[edit]
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: pool
Noun[edit]
pool c (plural polen, diminutive pooltje n)
- the pile (upstanding usually fine hair) on certain fabrics, velvet or carpeting
Anagrams[edit]
Estonian[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Proto-Finnic *pooli, from Proto-Uralic *pälä. Cognates include Finnish puoli (“half, side”), Mansi па̄л (pāl, “half, side”), Hungarian fél (“half”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
pool (genitive poole, partitive poolt)
Declension[edit]
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | pool | pooled |
accusative | poole | pooled |
genitive | poole | poolte |
partitive | poolt | pooli |
illative | poolde poolesse |
pooltesse poolisse |
inessive | pooles | pooltes poolis |
elative | poolest | pooltest poolist |
allative | poolele | pooltele poolile |
adessive | poolel | pooltel poolil |
ablative | poolelt | pooltelt poolilt |
translative | pooleks | poolteks pooliks |
terminative | pooleni | poolteni |
essive | poolena | pooltena |
abessive | pooleta | poolteta |
comitative | poolega | pooltega |
The nonstandard plural partitive poolesid is somewhat common in colloquial use.
↗︎○ | allative | poole |
---|---|---|
○ | adessive | pool |
○↘︎ | ablative | poolt |
Postposition[edit]
pool
- at, to, towards
- minu pool ― at my place
- põhja pool ― to the north, in the north
- igal pool ― everywhere
Etymology 2[edit]
Borrowed from Middle Low German spōle, from Old Saxon spōla, from Proto-West Germanic [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *spōlǭ.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
pool (genitive pooli, partitive pooli)
Inflection[edit]
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | pool | poolid |
genitive | pooli | poolide |
partitive | pooli | poole / poolisid |
illative | pooli / poolisse | poolidesse |
inessive | poolis | poolides |
elative | poolist | poolidest |
allative | poolile | poolidele |
adessive | poolil | poolidel |
ablative | poolilt | poolidelt |
translative | pooliks | poolideks |
terminative | poolini | poolideni |
essive | poolina | poolidena |
abessive | poolita | poolideta |
comitative | pooliga | poolidega |
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- pool in Metsmägi, Iris; Sedrik, Meeli; Soosaar, Sven-Erik (2012), Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat, Tallinn: Eesti Keele Instituut, →ISBN
French[edit]
Noun[edit]
pool m (plural pools)
- pool (sport)
Further reading[edit]
- “pool”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Ingrian[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈpoːl/, [ˈpoːlʲ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈpoːl/, [ˈpo̝ːl]
- Rhymes: -oːl
- Hyphenation: pool
Noun[edit]
pool
- Alternative form of pooli
Declension[edit]
Declension of pool (type 5/keeli, no gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | pool | poolet |
genitive | poolen | pooliin, pooliloin |
partitive | poolta, poolt | poolia, pooliloja |
illative | poolee | poolii, pooliloihe |
inessive | poolees | pooliis, poolilois |
elative | poolest | poolist, pooliloist |
allative | poolelle | poolille, pooliloille |
adessive | pooleel | pooliil, pooliloil |
ablative | poolelt | poolilt, pooliloilt |
translative | pooleks | pooliks, pooliloiks |
essive | poolenna, pooleen | poolinna, pooliloinna, pooliin, pooliloin |
exessive1) | poolent | poolint, pooliloint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
References[edit]
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 451
Karao[edit]
Noun[edit]
pool
Sambali[edit]
Noun[edit]
pool
Spanish[edit]
Noun[edit]
pool m (plural pooles)
- pool (sport)
Swedish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Since 1968; from English pool, related to Swedish pöl (“small water pool, usually on the road when it's raining”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
pool c
Declension[edit]
Declension of pool | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | pool | poolen | pooler | poolerna |
Genitive | pools | poolens | poolers | poolernas |
Related terms[edit]
Anagrams[edit]
Yucatec Maya[edit]
Noun[edit]
pool m
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/uːl
- Rhymes:English/uːl/1 syllable
- English terms with homophones
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with usage examples
- English terms with quotations
- English ellipses
- en:Computing
- en:Bodies of water
- English verbs
- English intransitive verbs
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂w-
- English terms borrowed from French
- English terms derived from French
- en:Games
- English uncountable nouns
- en:Sports
- en:Fencing
- en:Rail transportation
- en:Law
- English transitive verbs
- en:Liquids
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷel-
- Dutch terms derived from Latin
- Dutch terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -en
- Dutch common-gender nouns
- Dutch terms derived from English
- Dutch nouns with plural in -s
- Dutch masculine nouns
- nl:Sports
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old French
- Dutch heteronyms
- Estonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Estonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Estonian terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Estonian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Estonian/oːl
- Rhymes:Estonian/oːl/1 syllable
- Estonian lemmas
- Estonian nouns
- Estonian terms with collocations
- Estonian suur-type nominals
- Estonian postpositions
- Estonian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Estonian terms borrowed from Middle Low German
- Estonian terms derived from Middle Low German
- Estonian terms derived from Old Saxon
- Estonian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Estonian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Rhymes:Estonian/oːlʲ
- Rhymes:Estonian/oːlʲ/1 syllable
- Estonian paks-type nominals
- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French masculine nouns
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ingrian/oːl
- Rhymes:Ingrian/oːl/1 syllable
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian nouns
- Karao lemmas
- Karao nouns
- Sambali lemmas
- Sambali nouns
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish nouns
- Spanish countable nouns
- Spanish masculine nouns
- Swedish terms derived from English
- Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Swedish terms with homophones
- Rhymes:Swedish/uːl
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish common-gender nouns
- Yucatec Maya lemmas
- Yucatec Maya nouns
- Yucatec Maya masculine nouns