शोचति

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• শোচতি (Assamese script)
• ᬰᭀᬘᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
• শোচতি (Bengali script)
• 𑰫𑰺𑰓𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀰𑁄𑀘𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
• ၐောစတိ (Burmese script)
• શોચતિ (Gujarati script)
• ਸ਼ੋਚਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌶𑍋𑌚𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
• ꦯꦺꦴꦕꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
• 𑂬𑂷𑂒𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
• ಶೋಚತಿ (Kannada script)
• ឝោចតិ (Khmer script)
• ໂຨຈຕິ (Lao script)
• ശോചതി (Malayalam script)
• ᡧᠣᢜᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘫𑘻𑘓𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
• ᠱᠣᠸᠠᢋᠠᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧋𑧜𑦳𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐱𑑀𑐔𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
• ଶୋଚତି (Odia script)
• ꢯꣂꢗꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆯𑆾𑆖𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
• 𑖫𑖺𑖓𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
• ශොචති (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩿𑩕𑩡𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚧𑚴𑚏𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
• ஶோசதி (Tamil script)
• శోచతి (Telugu script)
• โศจติ (Thai script)
• ཤོ་ཙ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒬𑒼𑒔𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨮𑨆𑨣𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱewk- (“to shine; white”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κύκνος (kúknos, “swan”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕɐ́w.t͡ɕɐ.ti/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɕoː.t͡ɕɐ.t̪i/

Verb

शोच॑ति • (śócati) third-singular indicative (class 1, type P, root शुच्)

1. to shine, gleam, burn
2. to suffer, grieve
3. to regret

Conjugation

Present: शोच॑ति (śócati), शोच॑ते (śócate)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	शोच॑ति śócati	शोच॑तः śócataḥ	शोच॑न्ति śócanti	शोच॑ते śócate	शोचे॑ते śócete	शोच॑न्ते śócante
Second	शोच॑सि śócasi	शोच॑थः śócathaḥ	शोच॑थ śócatha	शोच॑से śócase	शोचे॑थे śócethe	शोच॑ध्वे śócadhve
First	शोचा॑मि śócāmi	शोचा॑वः śócāvaḥ	शोचा॑मः / शोचा॑मसि¹ śócāmaḥ / śócāmasi¹	शोचे॑ śóce	शोचा॑वहे śócāvahe	शोचा॑महे śócāmahe
Imperative
Third	शोच॑तु śócatu	शोच॑ताम् śócatām	शोच॑न्तु śócantu	शोच॑ताम् śócatām	शोचे॑ताम् śócetām	शोच॑न्ताम् śócantām
Second	शोच॑ śóca	शोच॑तम् śócatam	शोच॑त śócata	शोच॑स्व śócasva	शोचे॑थाम् śócethām	शोच॑ध्वम् śócadhvam
First	शोचा॑नि śócāni	शोचा॑व śócāva	शोचा॑म śócāma	शोचै॑ śócai	शोचा॑वहै śócāvahai	शोचा॑महै śócāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	शोचे॑त् śócet	शोचे॑ताम् śócetām	शोचे॑युः śóceyuḥ	शोचे॑त śóceta	शोचे॑याताम् śóceyātām	शोचे॑रन् śóceran
Second	शोचेः॑ śóceḥ	शोचे॑तम् śócetam	शोचे॑त śóceta	शोचे॑थाः śócethāḥ	शोचे॑याथाम् śóceyāthām	शोचे॑ध्वम् śócedhvam
First	शोचे॑यम् śóceyam	शोचे॑व śóceva	शोचे॑म śócema	शोचे॑य śóceya	शोचे॑वहि śócevahi	शोचे॑महि śócemahi
Subjunctive
Third	शोचा॑त् / शोचा॑ति śócāt / śócāti	शोचा॑तः śócātaḥ	शोचा॑न् śócān	शोचा॑ते / शोचा॑तै śócāte / śócātai	शोचै॑ते śócaite	शोच॑न्त / शोचा॑न्तै śócanta / śócāntai
Second	शोचाः॑ / शोचा॑सि śócāḥ / śócāsi	शोचा॑थः śócāthaḥ	शोचा॑थ śócātha	शोचा॑से / शोचा॑सै śócāse / śócāsai	शोचै॑थे śócaithe	शोचा॑ध्वै śócādhvai
First	शोचा॑नि śócāni	शोचा॑व śócāva	शोचा॑म śócāma	शोचै॑ śócai	शोचा॑वहै śócāvahai	शोचा॑महै śócāmahai
Participles
	शोच॑त् śócat			शोच॑मान śócamāna
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit. ¹Vedic

Imperfect: अशो॑चत् (áśocat), अशो॑चत (áśocata)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	अशो॑चत् áśocat	अशो॑चताम् áśocatām	अशो॑चन् áśocan	अशो॑चत áśocata	अशो॑चेताम् áśocetām	अशो॑चन्त áśocanta
Second	अशो॑चः áśocaḥ	अशो॑चतम् áśocatam	अशो॑चत áśocata	अशो॑चथाः áśocathāḥ	अशो॑चेथाम् áśocethām	अशो॑चध्वम् áśocadhvam
First	अशो॑चम् áśocam	अशो॑चाव áśocāva	अशो॑चाम áśocāma	अशो॑चे áśoce	अशो॑चावहि áśocāvahi	अशो॑चामहि áśocāmahi

Descendants

• Pali: socati

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “शोचति”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1081.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “शोचति”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
• William Dwight Whitney (1885), The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 174

• Otto Böhtlingk; Richard Schmidt (1879-1928), “शोचति”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016

• Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006), The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 328
• Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 331
• Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume II, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 597