ਗੁਰੂ
Punjabi
Alternative forms
- ਗੁਰ (gur)
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit गुरु (guru), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *gr̥Húṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gr̥Húš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥h₂ús (“heavy”)
Noun
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- enlightener
- Guru Granth Sahib, Bhatt Nalh, translation by Dr. Sant Singh Khalsa, 1399:
- ਗੁਰ ਬਿਨੁ ਘੋਰੁ ਅੰਧਾਰੁ ਗੁਰੂ ਬਿਨੁ ਸਮਝ ਨ ਆਵੈ
- gur bin ghor andhār gurū bin samajh na āvae
- Without the Guru, there is utter darkness; without the Guru, understanding does not come.
- 100 BCE to 300 CE (probably), Advayataraka Upanishad, The Yoga Upanishads (translation), p.8:
- गुशब्दस्त्वन्धकारः स्यात् रुशब्दस्तन्निरोधकः । अन्धकारनिरोधित्वात् गुरुरित्यभिधीयते ॥ १६॥
- The syllable Gu indicates darkness, the syllable Ru means its dispeller, because of the quality of dispelling darkness, the Guru is thus termed.
- Guru Granth Sahib, Bhatt Nalh, translation by Dr. Sant Singh Khalsa, 1399:
- guru, sage, teacher
- Guru Granth Sahib, Guru Ramdas, translation by Dr. Sant Singh Khalsa, ang 314:
- ਉਪਦੇਸ ਜਿ ਦਿਤਾ ਸਤਿਗੁਰੂ ਸੋ ਸੁਣਿਆ ਸਿਖੀ ਕੰਨੇ
- updes je ditā satgurū so suṇiā sikhī kanne
- The Sikhs listen to the Teachings imparted by the True Guru
- Guru Granth Sahib, Guru Ramdas, translation by Dr. Sant Singh Khalsa, ang 314:
Usage notes
- (Sikhism) There are a total of eleven Gurus: Ten human-form gurus and the eleventh, or current and everlasting Sikh Guru, is the integrated Sikh scripture known as the Guru Granth Sahib. See Sikh gurus on Wikipedia for more.