ਚਉਥਾ

Old Punjabi

Etymology

From Paisaci Prakrit [Term?] (compare Maharastri Prakrit 𑀘𑀉𑀢𑁆𑀣 (caüttha)), from Sanskrit चतुर्थ (caturthá). Compare Old Hindi चौथा (cauthā), Old Gujarati चउथउं (caüthaüṃ), Old Marathi 𑘓𑘄𑘞 (cautha), 𑘓𑘼𑘝𑘿𑘨 (cautra), 𑘓𑘼𑘞 (cautha).

Adjective

ਚਉਥਾ (caüthā)

1. fourth

   ਚਉਥਾ ਪਦੁ ― caüthā padu ― the fourth state (i.e. beyond the three guṇas), mystical state of liberation

   ਚਉਥਾ ਪਹਰੁ ― caüthā paharu ― the fourth watch of the night, the end of the night

Descendants

• Punjabi: cauthā

  Gurmukhi script: ਚੌਥਾ

  Shahmukhi script: چَوتھا

Further reading

• Christopher Shackle (2011) “ਚਉਥਾ”, in A Gurū Nānak Glossary, 2^nd edition, New Delhi: Heritage Publishers, →ISBN, page 107
• “ਚਉਥਾ”, in Sri Guru Granth Sahib Dictionary, SriGranth.org, 2024
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “caturthá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 249