ἀκρασία

Ancient Greek

Etymology 1

From ᾰ̓́κρᾱτος (ắkrātos, “unmixed”) +‎ -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā).

Alternative forms

• ᾰ̓κρησῐ́η (ăkrēsĭ́ē) — Ionic

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /a.kraː.sí.aː/ → /a.kraˈsi.a/ → /a.kraˈsi.a/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /a.kraː.sí.aː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /a.kraˈsi.a/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /a.kraˈsi.a/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /a.kraˈsi.a/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /a.kraˈsi.a/

Noun

ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́ᾱ • (ăkrāsĭ́ā) f (genitive ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́ᾱς); first declension

1. bad mixture, ill temperature

Declension

First declension of ἡ ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́ᾱ; τῆς ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́ᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́ᾱ hē ăkrāsĭ́ā	τὼ ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́ᾱ tṑ ăkrāsĭ́ā	αἱ ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́αι hai ăkrāsĭ́ai
Genitive	τῆς ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́ᾱς tês ăkrāsĭ́ās	τοῖν ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́αιν toîn ăkrāsĭ́ain	τῶν ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐῶν tôn ăkrāsĭôn
Dative	τῇ ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́ᾳ têi ăkrāsĭ́āi	τοῖν ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́αιν toîn ăkrāsĭ́ain	ταῖς ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́αις taîs ăkrāsĭ́ais
Accusative	τὴν ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́ᾱν tḕn ăkrāsĭ́ān	τὼ ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́ᾱ tṑ ăkrāsĭ́ā	τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́ᾱς tā̀s ăkrāsĭ́ās
Vocative	ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́ᾱ ăkrāsĭ́ā	ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́ᾱ ăkrāsĭ́ā	ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́αι ăkrāsĭ́ai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → English: acrasia (learned)

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

• ᾰ̓κρᾰσῐ́η (ăkrăsĭ́ē) — Ionic

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /a.kra.sí.aː/ → /a.kraˈsi.a/ → /a.kraˈsi.a/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /a.kra.sí.aː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /a.kraˈsi.a/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /a.kraˈsi.a/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /a.kraˈsi.a/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /a.kraˈsi.a/

Noun

ᾰ̓κρᾰσῐ́ᾱ • (ăkrăsĭ́ā) f (genitive ᾰ̓κρᾰσῐ́ᾱς); first declension

1. Alternative form of ᾰ̓κρᾰ́τειᾰ (ăkrắteiă, “lack of power, debility”)

Declension

First declension of ἡ ᾰ̓κρᾰσῐ́ᾱ; τῆς ᾰ̓κρᾰσῐ́ᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ᾰ̓κρᾰσῐ́ᾱ hē ăkrăsĭ́ā	τὼ ᾰ̓κρᾰσῐ́ᾱ tṑ ăkrăsĭ́ā	αἱ ᾰ̓κρᾰσῐ́αι hai ăkrăsĭ́ai
Genitive	τῆς ᾰ̓κρᾰσῐ́ᾱς tês ăkrăsĭ́ās	τοῖν ᾰ̓κρᾰσῐ́αιν toîn ăkrăsĭ́ain	τῶν ᾰ̓κρᾰσῐῶν tôn ăkrăsĭôn
Dative	τῇ ᾰ̓κρᾰσῐ́ᾳ têi ăkrăsĭ́āi	τοῖν ᾰ̓κρᾰσῐ́αιν toîn ăkrăsĭ́ain	ταῖς ᾰ̓κρᾰσῐ́αις taîs ăkrăsĭ́ais
Accusative	τὴν ᾰ̓κρᾰσῐ́ᾱν tḕn ăkrăsĭ́ān	τὼ ᾰ̓κρᾰσῐ́ᾱ tṑ ăkrăsĭ́ā	τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓κρᾰσῐ́ᾱς tā̀s ăkrăsĭ́ās
Vocative	ᾰ̓κρᾰσῐ́ᾱ ăkrăsĭ́ā	ᾰ̓κρᾰσῐ́ᾱ ăkrăsĭ́ā	ᾰ̓κρᾰσῐ́αι ăkrăsĭ́ai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → English: akrasia (learned)
• → Gothic: 𐌿𐌽𐌲𐌰𐌷𐍉𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (ungahōbains) (calque)

References

• “ἀκρασία”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἀκρασία”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• G192 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible