ἄριστος

See also: άριστος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

(deprecated template usage) From Proto-Indo-European *h₂éristos (“fittest, most fitting, most suitable”), the superlative of *h₂er- (“to fit, be suitable”). Cognate with Hittite [script needed] (arra-, “wash”), Tocharian A yär- (“wash”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /á.ris.tos/ → /ˈa.ris.tos/ → /ˈa.ris.tos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /á.ris.tos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ris.tos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ris.tos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ris.tos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ris.tos/

Adjective

ᾰ̓́ρῐστος • (áristos) m (feminine ᾰ̓ρῐ́στη, neuter ᾰ̓́ρῐστον); first/second declension

1. superlative degree of ᾰ̓γᾰθός (agathós): best

Usage notes

Used as the superlative of ᾰ̓γᾰθός (agathós, “good, brave, noble, moral”) , along with βέλτῐστος (béltistos) and κρᾰ́τῐστος (krátistos).

Declension

First and second declension of ᾰ̓́ρῐστος; ᾰ̓ρῐ́στη; ᾰ̓́ρῐστον (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ᾰ̓́ρῐστος áristos	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στη arístē	ᾰ̓́ρῐστον áriston		ᾰ̓ρῐ́στω arístō	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στᾱ arístā	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στω arístō		ᾰ̓́ρῐστοι áristoi	ᾰ̓́ρῐσται áristai	ᾰ̓́ρῐστᾰ árista
Genitive		ᾰ̓ρῐ́στου arístou	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στης arístēs	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στου arístou		ᾰ̓ρῐ́στοιν arístoin	ᾰ̓ρῐ́σταιν arístain	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στοιν arístoin		ᾰ̓ρῐ́στων arístōn	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στων arístōn	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στων arístōn
Dative		ᾰ̓ρῐ́στῳ arístōi	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στῃ arístēi	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στῳ arístōi		ᾰ̓ρῐ́στοιν arístoin	ᾰ̓ρῐ́σταιν arístain	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στοιν arístoin		ᾰ̓ρῐ́στοις arístois	ᾰ̓ρῐ́σταις arístais	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στοις arístois
Accusative		ᾰ̓́ρῐστον áriston	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στην arístēn	ᾰ̓́ρῐστον áriston		ᾰ̓ρῐ́στω arístō	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στᾱ arístā	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στω arístō		ᾰ̓ρῐ́στους arístous	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στᾱς arístās	ᾰ̓́ρῐστᾰ árista
Vocative		ᾰ̓́ρῐστε áriste	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στη arístē	ᾰ̓́ρῐστον áriston		ᾰ̓ρῐ́στω arístō	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στᾱ arístā	ᾰ̓ρῐ́στω arístō		ᾰ̓́ρῐστοι áristoi	ᾰ̓́ρῐσται áristai	ᾰ̓́ρῐστᾰ árista
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		ᾰ̓́ρῐστᾰ árista				—				—
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• Ἀρισταίνετος (Aristaínetos)
• Ἀρισταῖος (Aristaîos)
• Ἀρίσταιχμος (Arístaikhmos)
• Ἀρίστανδρος (Arístandros)
• Ἀρίσταρχος (Arístarkhos)
• Ἀριστεύς (Aristeús)
• Ἀριστόβουλος (Aristóboulos)
• Ἀριστογένης (Aristogénēs)
• Ἀριστόδημος (Aristódēmos)
• Ἀριστοκλῆς (Aristoklês)
• Ἀριστόμαχος (Aristómakhos)
• Ἀριστόνοος (Aristónoos)
• Ἀριστόξενος (Aristóxenos)
• Ἀριστοτέλης (Aristotélēs)
• Ἀριστοφάνης (Aristophánēs)
• Ἀριστώνυμος (Aristṓnumos)
• ὤριστος (ṓristos)
• ᾰ̓ρῐστεύς (aristeús)
• Ᾰ̓ρῐστότῑμος (Aristótīmos)

 

References

• “ἄριστος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἄριστος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἄριστος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἄριστος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἄριστος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• ἄριστος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• “ἄριστος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• ἄριστος in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • best idem, page 75.
  • peerless idem, page 602.
• Joseph Harold Greenberg, Indo-European and its closest relatives. 2. Lexicon. p.23