ひび
Japanese
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 皹 皸 胼 罅 |
/fimi/ → /fibi/ → /hibi/
First attested in an 1177–1181 edition of the 色葉字類抄 (Iroha Jiruishō), an early dictionary of kanji characters, in the entry for the kanji 瘃.[1]
Sound shift from older ひみ (fimi),[1][2] itself first attested in 850.[1]
The sense appears to have originally been limited to chapped, cracked, possibly even extending to frostbitten, in reference to how one's skin in winter can become red, inflamed, itchy, and cracked due to exposure to cold and dry conditions.[3][4] Much later, in the early 1900s, the sense extended to include crack (noun) in other things, such as an item of dishware or human relationships,[5][6] apparently via older verb-derived noun forms ひびき (hibiki, first attested in 1603)[5] and ひびれ (hibire, first attested in 1275),[5] which similarly refer to cracks, cracking in things other than skin.
Speculatively, may have some connection to 氷 (hi, “ice”) and / or 干る (hiru, “to dry out”, intransitive).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- [from 1170s] 皹, 皸, 胼: a crack in one's skin due to chapping from exposure to cold and dry conditions
- [from 1909] 罅: a crack, as in the surface of glass, ceramic, dried mud, or some other material
- [from 1926] 罅: (figurative) a crack in one's psyche: psychological trauma, emotional pain
- [from 1935] 罅: (figurative) a crack between people: a gap, distance, or obstruction that arises in relationships
Usage notes
[edit]Often written in kana as either ひび or ヒビ due to the complexity and rarity of the kanji characters.
Etymology 2
[edit]| For pronunciation and definitions of ひび – see the following entries. | ||
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| (This term, ひび (hibi), is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.) For a list of all kanji read as ひび, see Category:Japanese kanji read as ひび. |
(The following entries do not have a page created for them yet: 皹, 罅.)
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 “皹”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedNKD-皹 - ^ “皹”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen][2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 “罅”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][3] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
- ^ “罅”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen][4] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Okinoerabu
[edit]Noun
[edit]ひび (hibi)