내려오다
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Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From 내리— (naeri-, “to descend”) + 오— (o-, “to come”). First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄂᆞ려오다 (Yale: nolye-wota).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [nɛɾjʌ̹o̞da̠] ~ [ne̞ɾjʌ̹o̞da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [내려오다/네려오다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | naeryeooda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | naelyeooda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | naeryŏoda |
| Yale Romanization? | naylyeota |
Verb[edit]
내려오다 • (naeryeooda) (infinitive 내려와, sequential 내려오니)
- to come down, to descend, to get off
Conjugation[edit]
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 내려온다 naeryeoonda |
내려와 naeryeowa |
내려와요 naeryeowayo |
내려옵니다 naeryeoomnida |
| Past | 내려왔다 naeryeowatda |
내려왔어 naeryeowasseo |
내려왔어요 naeryeowasseoyo |
내려왔습니다 naeryeowatseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 내려오느냐 naeryeooneunya |
내려와 naeryeowa |
내려와요 naeryeowayo |
내려옵니까 naeryeoomnikka |
| Past | 내려왔느냐 naeryeowanneunya |
내려왔어 naeryeowasseo |
내려왔어요 naeryeowasseoyo |
내려왔습니까 naeryeowatseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 내려오자 naeryeooja |
내려와 naeryeowa |
내려와요 naeryeowayo |
내려오십시다 naeryeoosipsida | |
| Imperative | 내려오너라, 내려와라 naeryeooneora, naeryeowara |
내려와 naeryeowa |
내려와요 naeryeowayo |
내려옵시오 naeryeoopsio | |
| Assertive | 내려오겠다 naeryeoogetda |
내려오겠어 naeryeoogesseo |
내려오겠어요 naeryeoogesseoyo |
내려오겠습니다 naeryeoogetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 내려와 naeryeowa |
내려와서 naeryeowaseo |
내려오니 naeryeooni |
내려오니까 naeryeoonikka | |
| Contrast | 내려오지만 naeryeoojiman |
내려오는데 naeryeooneunde |
내려오더니 naeryeoodeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 내려오고 naeryeoogo |
||||
| Condition | 내려오면 naeryeoomyeon |
내려와야 naeryeowaya |
|||
| Motive | 내려오려고 naeryeooryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 내려옴 naeryeoom |
내려오기 naeryeoogi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 내려왔음 naeryeowasseum |
내려왔기 naeryeowatgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 내려온 naeryeoon | |||
| Present | 내려오는 naeryeooneun | ||||
| Future | 내려올 naeryeool | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 내려오신다 naeryeoosinda |
내려오셔 naeryeoosyeo |
내려오세요, 내려오셔요 naeryeooseyo, naeryeoosyeoyo |
내려오십니다 naeryeoosimnida |
| Past | 내려오셨다 naeryeoosyeotda |
내려오셨어 naeryeoosyeosseo |
내려오셨어요 naeryeoosyeosseoyo |
내려오셨습니다 naeryeoosyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 내려오시느냐 naeryeoosineunya |
내려오셔 naeryeoosyeo |
내려오세요, 내려오셔요 naeryeooseyo, naeryeoosyeoyo |
내려오십니까 naeryeoosimnikka |
| Past | 내려오셨느냐 naeryeoosyeonneunya |
내려오셨어 naeryeoosyeosseo |
내려오셨어요 naeryeoosyeosseoyo |
내려오셨습니까 naeryeoosyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 내려오시라 naeryeoosira |
내려오셔 naeryeoosyeo |
내려오세요 naeryeooseyo |
내려오십시오 naeryeoosipsio | |
| Assertive | 내려오시겠다 naeryeoosigetda |
내려오시겠어 naeryeoosigesseo |
내려오시겠어요 naeryeoosigesseoyo |
내려오시겠습니다 naeryeoosigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 내려오셔 naeryeoosyeo |
내려오셔서 naeryeoosyeoseo |
내려오시니 naeryeoosini |
내려오시니까 naeryeoosinikka | |
| Contrast | 내려오시지만 naeryeoosijiman |
내려오시는데 naeryeoosineunde |
내려오시더니 naeryeoosideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 내려오시고 naeryeoosigo |
||||
| Condition | 내려오시면 naeryeoosimyeon |
내려오셔야 naeryeoosyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 내려오시려고 naeryeoosiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 내려오심 naeryeoosim |
내려오시기 naeryeoosigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 내려오셨음 naeryeoosyeosseum |
내려오셨기 naeryeoosyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 내려오신 naeryeoosin | |||
| Present | 내려오시는 naeryeoosineun | ||||
| Future | 내려오실 naeryeoosil | ||||