숨차다

Korean

Etymology

Univerbation of 숨 (sum, “breath”) +‎ 차다 (chada, “to lose”).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈsʰu(ː)mt͡ɕʰa̠da̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [숨(ː)차다]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	sumchada
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	sumchada
McCune–Reischauer?	sumch'ada
Yale Romanization?	swūmchata

Verb

숨차다 • (sumchada) (infinitive 숨차, sequential 숨차니)

1. to be out of breath

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 숨차다 (sumchada): vowel-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	숨찬다 sumchanda	숨차 sumcha	숨차요 sumchayo	숨찹니다 sumchamnida
	Past	숨찼다 sumchatda	숨찼어 sumchasseo	숨찼어요 sumchasseoyo	숨찼습니다 sumchatseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	숨차느냐 sumchaneunya	숨차 sumcha	숨차요 sumchayo	숨찹니까 sumchamnikka
	Past	숨찼느냐 sumchanneunya	숨찼어 sumchasseo	숨찼어요 sumchasseoyo	숨찼습니까 sumchatseumnikka
Hortative		숨차자 sumchaja	숨차 sumcha	숨차요 sumchayo	숨차십시다 sumchasipsida
Imperative		숨차라 sumchara	숨차 sumcha	숨차요 sumchayo	숨찹시오 sumchapsio
Assertive		숨차겠다 sumchagetda	숨차겠어 sumchagesseo	숨차겠어요 sumchagesseoyo	숨차겠습니다 sumchagetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		숨차 sumcha	숨차서 sumchaseo	숨차니 sumchani	숨차니까 sumchanikka
Contrast		숨차지만 sumchajiman	숨차는데 sumchaneunde	숨차더니 sumchadeoni
Conjunction		숨차고 sumchago
Condition		숨차면 sumchamyeon	숨차야 sumchaya
Motive		숨차려고 sumcharyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		숨참 sumcham	숨차기 sumchagi
Past-tense verbal nouns		숨찼음 sumchasseum	숨찼기 sumchatgi
Determiners	Past	숨찬 sumchan
	Present	숨차는 sumchaneun
	Future	숨찰 sumchal

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	숨차신다 sumchasinda	숨차셔 sumchasyeo	숨차세요, 숨차셔요 sumchaseyo, sumchasyeoyo	숨차십니다 sumchasimnida
	Past	숨차셨다 sumchasyeotda	숨차셨어 sumchasyeosseo	숨차셨어요 sumchasyeosseoyo	숨차셨습니다 sumchasyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	숨차시느냐 sumchasineunya	숨차셔 sumchasyeo	숨차세요, 숨차셔요 sumchaseyo, sumchasyeoyo	숨차십니까 sumchasimnikka
	Past	숨차셨느냐 sumchasyeonneunya	숨차셨어 sumchasyeosseo	숨차셨어요 sumchasyeosseoyo	숨차셨습니까 sumchasyeotseumnikka
Imperative		숨차시라 sumchasira	숨차셔 sumchasyeo	숨차세요 sumchaseyo	숨차십시오 sumchasipsio
Assertive		숨차시겠다 sumchasigetda	숨차시겠어 sumchasigesseo	숨차시겠어요 sumchasigesseoyo	숨차시겠습니다 sumchasigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		숨차셔 sumchasyeo	숨차셔서 sumchasyeoseo	숨차시니 sumchasini	숨차시니까 sumchasinikka
Contrast		숨차시지만 sumchasijiman	숨차시는데 sumchasineunde	숨차시더니 sumchasideoni
Conjunction		숨차시고 sumchasigo
Condition		숨차시면 sumchasimyeon	숨차셔야 sumchasyeoya
Motive		숨차시려고 sumchasiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		숨차심 sumchasim	숨차시기 sumchasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		숨차셨음 sumchasyeosseum	숨차셨기 sumchasyeotgi
Determiners	Past	숨차신 sumchasin
	Present	숨차시는 sumchasineun
	Future	숨차실 sumchasil