𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *balþijaną. By surface analysis, *𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍃 (*balþs) +‎ -𐌾𐌰𐌽 (-jan).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbalθjan/

Verb

𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 • (balþjan)

1. to be bold
   • Skeireins 2:1–2:

     […] 𐌽𐌰𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌾𐌿 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂 𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌸, 𐌹𐌽 𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌰 𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍄𐌹𐍃 𐌸𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍃, 𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌺 𐌹𐍃 𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍂 𐌸𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌽 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌰𐌱𐌰 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐌹𐍉𐍃𐌴𐌱𐌰 𐌿𐍃𐍆𐌹𐌻𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃.

     […] nai galaubeinai wairþands ju faur ina balþeiþ, in mēla raihtis þulainais, leik is afar þulain swikunþaba miþ iōsēba usfilhands.

     becoming […] in faith, already is bold in his behalf and at the time of Passion, His body after the Passion openly burying, along with Joseph. (Marchand)

Conjugation

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 balþjan
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰 balþja	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌰 balþida	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 balþjada
2nd singular	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍃 balþeis	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐍃 balþidēs	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌶𐌰 balþjaza
3rd singular	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌸 balþeiþ	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌰 balþida	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 balþjada
1st dual	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐍉𐍃 balþjōs	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 balþidēdu	—
2nd dual	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 balþjats	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 balþidēduts	—
1st plural	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌼 balþjam	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 balþidēdum	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 balþjanda
2nd plural	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌸 balþeiþ	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 balþidēduþ	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 balþjanda
3rd plural	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 balþjand	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 balþidēdun	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 balþjanda
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌿 balþjau	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 balþidēdjau	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 balþjaidau
2nd singular	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍃 balþjais	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 balþidēdeis	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 balþjaizau
3rd singular	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹 balþjai	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 balþidēdi	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 balþjaidau
1st dual	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 balþjaiwa	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 balþidēdeiwa	—
2nd dual	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 balþjaits	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 balþidēdeits	—
1st plural	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 balþjaima	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 balþidēdeima	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 balþjaindau
2nd plural	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 balþjaiþ	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 balþidēdeiþ	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 balþjaindau
3rd plural	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 balþjaina	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 balþidēdeina	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 balþjaindau
Imperative
2nd singular	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹 balþei
3rd singular	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 balþjadau
2nd dual	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 balþjats
2nd plural	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌸 balþeiþ
3rd plural	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 balþjandau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 balþjands	𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌸𐍃 balþiþs

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 17