𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠

Old Persian

Etymology

Literally "he whose rule is through truth" or "he whose empire is well-fitted" / "perfected": from 𐎠𐎼𐎫 (arta, “truth”) +‎ 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 (xšaçam, “kingship”).

Akin to Parthian 𐭀𐭓𐭕𐭇𐭔𐭕𐭓 (Ardaxšahr) (< *Artaxšaθra-).

Proper noun

𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠 (Artaxšaçā) m

1. Artaxerxes

Descendants

(Taking Old Persian as representative for all Old Iranian)

• Middle Persian: 𐭠𐭥𐭲𐭧𐭱𐭲𐭥 (ʾrtḥštr)
  • Persian: اردشیر (Ardešir)
  • → Old Armenian: Արտաշիր (Artašir)
• → Akkadian: 𒅈𒋫𒀪𒄩𒐼𒄑𒌅 (Ar-ta-ʾ-ḫa-šá-is-su), 𒅈𒋫𒀝𒃻𒊍𒋢 (Ar-ta-ak-šá-as-su), 𒅈𒁖𒊭𒆳𒋢 (Ar-ták-(ša-)šat-su), 𒅈𒁖𒆳𒋢 (Ar-ták-šat-šu), 𒅈𒈭𒊭𒊍𒋢 (Ar-taḫ-ša/šá-as-su), 𒅈𒈭𒊭𒊍𒋛𒅖 (Ar-táḫ-ša-as(-siš, -si-iš, -is-su)), 𒅈𒁖𒊭𒊍𒋢 (Ar-ták-ša-as-su, Al-tàk-šat-su)
• → Ancient Greek: Ἀρταξέρξης (Artaxérxēs) < Ἀρταξέσσης (Artaxéssēs)
  • → Latin: Artaxerxēs
    • → English: Artaxerxes
• → Ancient Greek: Ἀρταξίας (Artaxías)
• → Old Armenian: Արտաշէս (Artašēs)
  • Armenian: Արտաշես (Artašes)
• → Imperial Aramaic: 𐡀𐡓𐡕𐡇𐡔‬𐡎‬‬𐡔 (ʾrtḥšsš)
• → Biblical Aramaic: אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתְּא (ʾartaḥšaśt), אַרְתַּחְשַׁסְתְּא (ʾartaḥšast)
• → Biblical Hebrew: אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתָּא (ʾartaḥšáśtā), אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתְּא (ʾartaḥšaśt), אַרְתַּחְשַׁסְתְּא (ʾartaḥšast)
• → Egyptian: ꜣrtḫšsš , ꜣrtḫššs
• → Elamite: 𒅕𒋳𒅅𒐼𒀾𒐼 (Ir-tak-(ik-)ša-aš-ša), 𒅕𒋳𒅅𒐼𒆜𒐼 (Ir-tak-ik-ša-iš-ša), 𒅕𒆪𒅅𒐼𒆜𒐼 (Ir-da-ik-ša-iš-ša)
• → Lycian: 𐊁𐊕𐊗𐊀𐊋𐊖𐊖𐊆𐊕𐊀𐊈𐊀- (ertakssiraza-) (posssibly)
• → Lydian: -𐤠𐤭𐤯𐤠𐤨𐤮𐤠𐤳𐤳𐤠 (-artaksašša)

References

• Rüdiger Schmitt (December 15, 1986), "Artaxerxes", Encyclopædia Iranica.