View source for 𐰴𐰍𐰣

==Old Turkic==

===Etymology===
Thought to be a borrowing from an {{unc|otk|nocap=1}} source, possibly a {{der|otk|qfa-yen|-}} language. Cognate to {{cog|tr|kağan||khagan}}, and {{cog|mn|ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ||king, khan}}, which Clauson (1972) considers a loanword from Turkic; though the reverse loan direction (from Mongolic into Turkic) was equally likely, as Turks borrowed this title from the {{w|Rouran}}s (as proposed by Vovin, 2007). Compare also {{cog|tr|hakan|hākān}}, an early Arabicized form from {{cog|ar|خاقان|tr=ḵāqān}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|otk|/qɑɣɑn/}}

===Noun===
{{head|otk|noun|tr=qaɣan}}

# a type of [[ruler]]; [[khagan]], [[king]], [[emperor]]
#* '''8th century CE''', ''{{w|Orkhon_inscriptions|Kültegin Inscription}}'', S1
#*: {{quote|otk|𐱅𐰭𐰼𐰃:𐱅𐰏:𐱅𐰭𐰼𐰃𐰓𐰀:𐰉𐰆𐰞𐰢𐱁:𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜:𐰋𐰃𐰠𐰏𐰀:'''𐰴𐰍𐰣''':𐰉𐰆:𐰇𐰓𐰚𐰀:𐰆𐰞𐰺𐱃𐰢|tr=teŋri:teg:teŋride:bolmuš:türük:bilge:'''qaɣan''':bu:ödke:olurtum|t=I, the God-like and Heaven-born Turkic Bilge '''''Khagan''''', succeeded to the throne at this time.}}

====Alternative forms====
* {{alt|otk|𐰴𐰣|tr=qan}} {{q|{{w|Irk_Bitig|Irk Bitig}}, {{w|Yenisei_Inscriptions|Yenisei}}}}

====Derived terms====
* {{l|otk|𐰴𐰍𐰣𐰞𐰍|tr=qaɣanlïɣ}}
* {{l|otk|𐰴𐰍𐰣𐰞𐰀|tr=qaɣanla-}}
* {{l|otk|𐰴𐰍𐰣𐰽𐰺𐰀|tr=qaɣansïra-}}
* {{l|otk|𐰴𐰍𐰣𐰽𐰺𐱃|tr=qaɣansïrat-}}

===References===
* {{R:otk:Tekin:1968|entry=qaγan|page=339}}
* {{R:trk:Clauson|entry=xağan|page=611}}
* Vovin, A. (2007) "Once Again on the Etymology of the Title qaγan" in ''Studia Etymologica Cracoviensia'', '''12'''. p. 184-185

{{c|otk|Male people|Monarchy}}