-ιος

See also: ιός, Ίος, and ἰός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *-yós.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /i.os/ → /i.os/ → /i.os/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /i.os/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /i.os/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /i.os/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /i.os/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /i.os/

Suffix

-ῐος • (-ios) m (feminine -ῐ́ᾱ, neuter -ῐον); first/second declension

1. Suffix added to nouns or adjectives, forming adjectives: pertaining to, belonging to ("of").

Inflection

First and second declension of -ῐος; -ῐᾱ; -ῐον (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		-ῐος -ios	-ῐᾱ -iā	-ῐον -ion		-ῐω -iō	-ῐᾱ -iā	-ῐω -iō		-ῐοι -ioi	-ῐαι -iai	-ῐᾰ -ia
Genitive		-ῐου -iou	-ῐᾱς -iās	-ῐου -iou		-ῐοιν -ioin	-ῐαιν -iain	-ῐοιν -ioin		-ῐων -iōn	-ῐων -iōn	-ῐων -iōn
Dative		-ῐῳ -iōi	-ῐᾳ -iāi	-ῐῳ -iōi		-ῐοιν -ioin	-ῐαιν -iain	-ῐοιν -ioin		-ῐοις -iois	-ῐαις -iais	-ῐοις -iois
Accusative		-ῐον -ion	-ῐᾱν -iān	-ῐον -ion		-ῐω -iō	-ῐᾱ -iā	-ῐω -iō		-ῐους -ious	-ῐᾱς -iās	-ῐᾰ -ia
Vocative		-ῐε -ie	-ῐᾱ -iā	-ῐον -ion		-ῐω -iō	-ῐᾱ -iā	-ῐω -iō		-ῐοι -ioi	-ῐαι -iai	-ῐᾰ -ia
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		-ῐως -iōs				-ῐώτερος -iṓteros				-ῐώτᾰτος -iṓtatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First and second declension of -ῐος; -ῐη; -ῐον (Epic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		-ῐος -ios	-ῐη -iē	-ῐον -ion		-ῐω -iō	-ῐᾱ -iā	-ῐω -iō		-ῐοι -ioi	-ῐαι -iai	-ῐᾰ -ia
Genitive		-ῐου / -ῐοῖο / -ῐοιο / -ῐόο / -ῐοο -iou / -ioîo / -ioio / -ióo / -ioo	-ῐης -iēs	-ῐου / -ῐοῖο / -ῐοιο / -ῐόο / -ῐοο -iou / -ioîo / -ioio / -ióo / -ioo		-ῐοιῐν -ioiin	-ῐαιν / -ῐαιῐν / -ῐῃῐν -iai(i)n / -iēiin	-ῐοιῐν -ioiin		-ῐων -iōn	-ῐᾱ́ων / -ῐέ͜ων / -ῐῶν -iā́ōn / -ié͜ōn / -iôn	-ῐων -iōn
Dative		-ῐῳ -iōi	-ῐῃ -iēi	-ῐῳ -iōi		-ῐοιῐν -ioiin	-ῐαιν / -ῐαιῐν / -ῐῃῐν -iai(i)n / -iēiin	-ῐοιῐν -ioiin		-ῐοισῐ / -ῐοισῐν / -ῐοις -ioisi(n) / -iois	-ῐῃσῐ / -ῐῃσῐν / -ῐῃς / -ῐαις -iēisi(n) / -iēis / -iais	-ῐοισῐ / -ῐοισῐν / -ῐοις -ioisi(n) / -iois
Accusative		-ῐον -ion	-ῐην -iēn	-ῐον -ion		-ῐω -iō	-ῐᾱ -iā	-ῐω -iō		-ῐους -ious	-ῐᾱς -iās	-ῐᾰ -ia
Vocative		-ῐε -ie	-ῐη -iē	-ῐον -ion		-ῐω -iō	-ῐᾱ -iā	-ῐω -iō		-ῐοι -ioi	-ῐαι -iai	-ῐᾰ -ia
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		-ῐως -iōs				-ῐώτερος -iṓteros				-ῐώτᾰτος -iṓtatos
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

First and second declension of -ῐος; -ῐη; -ῐον (Ionic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		-ῐος -ios	-ῐη -iē	-ῐον -ion		-ῐω -iō	-ῐᾱ -iā	-ῐω -iō		-ῐοι -ioi	-ῐαι -iai	-ῐᾰ -ia
Genitive		-ῐου -iou	-ῐης -iēs	-ῐου -iou		-ῐοιν -ioin	-ῐαιν -iain	-ῐοιν -ioin		-ῐων -iōn	-ῐέων / -ῐῶν -iéōn / -iôn	-ῐων -iōn
Dative		-ῐῳ -iōi	-ῐῃ -iēi	-ῐῳ -iōi		-ῐοιν -ioin	-ῐαιν -iain	-ῐοιν -ioin		-ῐοισῐ / -ῐοισῐν / -ῐοις -ioisi(n) / -iois	-ῐῃσῐ / -ῐῃσῐν -iēisi(n)	-ῐοισῐ / -ῐοισῐν / -ῐοις -ioisi(n) / -iois
Accusative		-ῐον -ion	-ῐην -iēn	-ῐον -ion		-ῐω -iō	-ῐᾱ -iā	-ῐω -iō		-ῐους -ious	-ῐᾱς -iās	-ῐᾰ -ia
Vocative		-ῐε -ie	-ῐη -iē	-ῐον -ion		-ῐω -iō	-ῐᾱ -iā	-ῐω -iō		-ῐοι -ioi	-ῐαι -iai	-ῐᾰ -ia
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		-ῐως -iōs				-ῐώτερος -iṓteros				-ῐώτᾰτος -iṓtatos
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ιος

Descendants

• Greek: -ιος (-ios)

References

• Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920) “Part III: Formation of Words”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 858.2

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Greek

Etymology

From the (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Ancient Greek -ῐος (-ios).

Suffix

-ιος • (-ios) m

1. Used to form nouns and adjectives indicating origin:

   ‎Ευρώπη (Evrópi, “Europe”) + ‎-ιος (-ios) → ‎Ευρωπαίος (Evropaíos, “European”) (noun)

   ‎θάλασσα (thálassa, “sea”) + ‎-ιος (-ios) → ‎θαλάσσιος (thalássios, “marine”) (adjective)

Derived terms

Greek terms suffixed with -ιος