-ια

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Ancient Greek

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

    From Proto-Indo-European *-ih₂ ~ *-yéh₂s, related to -ίᾱ (-íā) (from Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂). Cognate with Latin -ia. In some contexts, (e.g. in words like ἀλήθεια (alḗtheia) and πᾰρᾰ́νοιᾰ (paránoia)) the use of this suffix may have been an innovative replacement of earlier formations in -ίᾱ (-íā) (which was kept or changed to -ίη (-íē) in some dialects).[1][2]

    After a consonant, the vowel *i changed to a semivowel *y and triggered palatalization in Proto-Greek, resulting in many nouns and adjectives ending in -σσᾰ (-ssa), -ττᾰ (-tta), -ζᾰ (-za). It also undergoes metathesis, resulting in -ιρᾰ (-ira), and -ινᾰ (-ina).

    Pronunciation

    [edit]
     

    Suffix

    [edit]

    -ῐᾰ (-iaf (genitive -ῐ́ᾱς); first declension

    1. Primitive suffix added to the stems of adjectives in -ύς (-ús) and some nouns to form feminine gender
      ἡδῠ́ς (hēdús, sweet, masculine) + ‎-ῐᾰ (-ia) → ‎ἡδεῖᾰ (hēdeîa, feminine)
      ἱερεύς (hiereús, priest, masculine) + ‎-ῐᾰ (-ia) → ‎ἱέρειᾰ (hiéreia, feminine)
    2. Suffix added to the stems of adjectives in -ής (-ḗs) to form abstract nouns
      ᾰ̓ληθής (alēthḗs, true) + ‎-ῐᾰ (-ia) → ‎ᾰ̓λήθειᾰ (alḗtheia, truth)

    Usage notes

    [edit]

    Nouns formed with the suffix always have recessive accent.

    Inflection

    [edit]

    Derived terms

    [edit]

    References

    [edit]
    1. ^ Carl Darling Buck, Walter Petersen (1984) A Reverse Index of Greek Nouns and Adjectives, page 121
    2. ^ Alonso Déniz, Alcorac (2021) “Le développement historique des finales ‑ειᾰ/‑είᾱ/‑είη (att. ὑγίεια/ὑγιείᾱ, ion. ὑγιείη « bonne santé ») et ‑οιᾰ/‑οίᾱ/‑οίη (att. εὔπλοια, ion. εὐπλοίη « bonne navigation ») en grec ancien”, in Blanc, Alain, Boehm, Isabelle, editors, Dérivation nominale et innovations dans les langues indo‑européennes anciennes, Lyon: MOM Éditions, →DOI, →ISBN

    Further reading

    [edit]