Finnish
Pronunciation
IPA (key ) : /-ɑhtɑːˣ/ , [-ɑ̝xt̪ɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
Suffix
-ahtaa (front vowel harmony variant -ähtää linguistic notation -AhtAA )
Forms momentane or semelfactive verbs.
Usage notes
Applied mainly to intransitive verbs . Momentane transitive verbs are more commonly derived with the suffix -aista
Conjugation
Inflection of -ahtaa (Kotus type 53*F/muistaa t -d gradation)
indicative mood
present tense
perfect
person
positive
negative
person
positive
negative
1st sing.
-ahdan
en -ahda
1st sing.
olen -ahtanut
en ole -ahtanut
2nd sing.
-ahdat
et -ahda
2nd sing.
olet -ahtanut
et ole -ahtanut
3rd sing.
-ahtaa
ei -ahda
3rd sing.
on -ahtanut
ei ole -ahtanut
1st plur.
-ahdamme
emme -ahda
1st plur.
olemme -ahtaneet
emme ole -ahtaneet
2nd plur.
-ahdatte
ette -ahda
2nd plur.
olette -ahtaneet
ette ole -ahtaneet
3rd plur.
-ahtavat
eivät -ahda
3rd plur.
ovat -ahtaneet
eivät ole -ahtaneet
passive
-ahdetaan
ei -ahdeta
passive
on -ahdettu
ei ole -ahdettu
past tense
pluperfect
person
positive
negative
person
positive
negative
1st sing.
-ahdin
en -ahtanut
1st sing.
olin -ahtanut
en ollut -ahtanut
2nd sing.
-ahdit
et -ahtanut
2nd sing.
olit -ahtanut
et ollut -ahtanut
3rd sing.
-ahti
ei -ahtanut
3rd sing.
oli -ahtanut
ei ollut -ahtanut
1st plur.
-ahdimme
emme -ahtaneet
1st plur.
olimme -ahtaneet
emme olleet -ahtaneet
2nd plur.
-ahditte
ette -ahtaneet
2nd plur.
olitte -ahtaneet
ette olleet -ahtaneet
3rd plur.
-ahtivat
eivät -ahtaneet
3rd plur.
olivat -ahtaneet
eivät olleet -ahtaneet
passive
-ahdettiin
ei -ahdettu
passive
oli -ahdettu
ei ollut -ahdettu
conditional mood
present
perfect
person
positive
negative
person
positive
negative
1st sing.
-ahtaisin
en -ahtaisi
1st sing.
olisin -ahtanut
en olisi -ahtanut
2nd sing.
-ahtaisit
et -ahtaisi
2nd sing.
olisit -ahtanut
et olisi -ahtanut
3rd sing.
-ahtaisi
ei -ahtaisi
3rd sing.
olisi -ahtanut
ei olisi -ahtanut
1st plur.
-ahtaisimme
emme -ahtaisi
1st plur.
olisimme -ahtaneet
emme olisi -ahtaneet
2nd plur.
-ahtaisitte
ette -ahtaisi
2nd plur.
olisitte -ahtaneet
ette olisi -ahtaneet
3rd plur.
-ahtaisivat
eivät -ahtaisi
3rd plur.
olisivat -ahtaneet
eivät olisi -ahtaneet
passive
-ahdettaisiin
ei -ahdettaisi
passive
olisi -ahdettu
ei olisi -ahdettu
imperative mood
present
perfect
person
positive
negative
person
positive
negative
1st sing.
—
—
1st sing.
—
—
2nd sing.
-ahda
älä -ahda
2nd sing.
—
—
3rd sing.
-ahtakoon
älköön -ahtako
3rd sing.
olkoon -ahtanut
älköön olko -ahtanut
1st plur.
-ahtakaamme
älkäämme -ahtako
1st plur.
—
—
2nd plur.
-ahtakaa
älkää -ahtako
2nd plur.
—
—
3rd plur.
-ahtakoot
älkööt -ahtako
3rd plur.
olkoot -ahtaneet
älkööt olko -ahtaneet
passive
-ahdettakoon
älköön -ahdettako
passive
olkoon -ahdettu
älköön olko -ahdettu
potential mood
present
perfect
person
positive
negative
person
positive
negative
1st sing.
-ahtanen
en -ahtane
1st sing.
lienen -ahtanut
en liene -ahtanut
2nd sing.
-ahtanet
et -ahtane
2nd sing.
lienet -ahtanut
et liene -ahtanut
3rd sing.
-ahtanee
ei -ahtane
3rd sing.
lienee -ahtanut
ei liene -ahtanut
1st plur.
-ahtanemme
emme -ahtane
1st plur.
lienemme -ahtaneet
emme liene -ahtaneet
2nd plur.
-ahtanette
ette -ahtane
2nd plur.
lienette -ahtaneet
ette liene -ahtaneet
3rd plur.
-ahtanevat
eivät -ahtane
3rd plur.
lienevät -ahtaneet
eivät liene -ahtaneet
passive
-ahdettaneen
ei -ahdettane
passive
lienee -ahdettu
ei liene -ahdettu
Nominal forms
infinitives
participles
active
passive
active
passive
1st
-ahtaa
present
-ahtava
-ahdettava
long 1st1
Person
sing.
plur.
1st
-ahtaakseni
-ahtaaksemme
2nd
-ahtaaksesi
-ahtaaksenne
3rd
-ahtaakseen -ahtaaksensa
past
-ahtanut
-ahdettu
2nd
inessive2
-ahtaessa
-ahdettaessa
agent3
-ahtama
Person
sing.
plur.
1st
-ahtaessani
-ahtaessamme
2nd
-ahtaessasi
-ahtaessanne
3rd
-ahtaessaan -ahtaessansa
negative
-ahtamaton
instructive
-ahtaen
—
1) Used only with a possessive suffix.2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).3) Usually with a possessive suffix. Not used with intransitive verbs. Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.4) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details ).-ahtaa does not exhibit final gemination ,
3rd
inessive
-ahtamassa
—
elative
-ahtamasta
—
illative
-ahtamaan
—
adessive
-ahtamalla
—
abessive
-ahtamatta
—
instructive
-ahtaman
-ahdettaman
4th4
verbal noun
-ahtaminen
5th1
Person
sing.
plur.
1st
-ahtamaisillani
-ahtamaisillamme
2nd
-ahtamaisillasi
-ahtamaisillanne
3rd
-ahtamaisillaan -ahtamaisillansa
Derived terms
See also