Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sъdorvъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

By surface analysis, *sъ- +‎ *dorv-. Exact origin is uncertain:

• Per Meillet: from *sъ̀dorvъ with accent shifted by Dybo's law, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *súdarwas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁su-dʰor-wo-, from *dʰer- (“support, hold”). dʰ/dH is required to avoid Winter's law, which is reflected in Lithuanian ū.
  • Related to *dьržati and Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰruwás (“firm, fixed”): Persian درود, Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀 (druua, “healthy”) and possibly .
• From Proto-Indo-European *h₁su-dor(H)wo-, from *h₁su- (“well, good”) + *dóru (“tree, wood”).
  • Related to *dervo (“tree, wood”), *drъvo (“tree, (pl.) wood”) and Lithuanian sū́drus (“thick, dense”), Sanskrit सुद्रु (sudrú). Further Albanian drenjë/dreng (“strong, healthy”), Proto-Germanic *triwwiz (“true”).

Compare Latin rōbustus (< rōbur), German kerngesund (< Kern).

Adjective

*sъdòrvъ

1. healthy

Inflection

Accent paradigm a.

Indefinite declension of *sъdorvъ (hard)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*sъdorvъ	*sъdorva	*sъdorvo
genitive	*sъdorva	*sъdorvy	*sъdorva
dative	*sъdorvu	*sъdorvě	*sъdorvu
accusative	*sъdorvъ	*sъdorvǫ	*sъdorvo
instrumental	*sъdorvomь	*sъdorvojǫ	*sъdorvomь
locative	*sъdorvě	*sъdorvě	*sъdorvě
vocative	*sъdorve	*sъdorvo	*sъdorvo
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*sъdorva	*sъdorvě	*sъdorvě
genitive	*sъdorvu	*sъdorvu	*sъdorvu
dative	*sъdorvoma	*sъdorvama	*sъdorvoma
accusative	*sъdorva	*sъdorvě	*sъdorvě
instrumental	*sъdorvoma	*sъdorvama	*sъdorvoma
locative	*sъdorvu	*sъdorvu	*sъdorvu
vocative	*sъdorva	*sъdorvě	*sъdorvě
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*sъdorvi	*sъdorvy	*sъdorva
genitive	*sъdorvъ	*sъdorvъ	*sъdorvъ
dative	*sъdorvomъ	*sъdorvamъ	*sъdorvomъ
accusative	*sъdorvy	*sъdorvy	*sъdorva
instrumental	*sъdorvy	*sъdorvami	*sъdorvy
locative	*sъdorvěxъ	*sъdorvaxъ	*sъdorvěxъ
vocative	*sъdorvi	*sъdorvy	*sъdorva

Definite declension of *sъdorvъ (hard)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*sъdorvъjь	*sъdorvaja	*sъdorvoje
genitive	*sъdorvajego	*sъdorvyję̇	*sъdorvajego
dative	*sъdorvujemu	*sъdorvěji	*sъdorvujemu
accusative	*sъdorvъjь	*sъdorvǫjǫ	*sъdorvoje
instrumental	*sъdorvyjimь	*sъdorvǫjǫ	*sъdorvyjimь
locative	*sъdorvějemь	*sъdorvěji	*sъdorvějemь
vocative	*sъdorvъjь	*sъdorvaja	*sъdorvoje
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*sъdorvaja	*sъdorvěji	*sъdorvěji
genitive	*sъdorvuju	*sъdorvuju	*sъdorvuju
dative	*sъdorvyjima	*sъdorvyjima	*sъdorvyjima
accusative	*sъdorvaja	*sъdorvěji	*sъdorvěji
instrumental	*sъdorvyjima	*sъdorvyjima	*sъdorvyjima
locative	*sъdorvuju	*sъdorvuju	*sъdorvuju
vocative	*sъdorvaja	*sъdorvěji	*sъdorvěji
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*sъdorviji	*sъdorvyję̇	*sъdorvaja
genitive	*sъdorvъjixъ	*sъdorvъjixъ	*sъdorvъjixъ
dative	*sъdorvyjimъ	*sъdorvyjimъ	*sъdorvyjimъ
accusative	*sъdorvyję̇	*sъdorvyję̇	*sъdorvaja
instrumental	*sъdorvyjimi	*sъdorvyjimi	*sъdorvyjimi
locative	*sъdorvyjixъ	*sъdorvyjixъ	*sъdorvyjixъ
vocative	*sъdorviji	*sъdorvyję̇	*sъdorvaja

See also

• *storbiti

Derived terms

• *sъdorvьje (“health”)
• *sъdorviti (“to heal”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: съдоро́въ (sŭdoróvŭ), съдоро́вꙑи (sŭdoróvyi), здоро́въ (zdoróvŭ), здоро́вꙑи (zdoróvyi)
    • Belarusian: здаро́вы (zdaróvy)
    • Russian: здоро́вый (zdoróvyj)
    • Old Ukrainian: здоро́въ (zdoróv), здоро́вый (zdoróvyj)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: здоро́вый (zdoróvŷj)
      • Ukrainian: здоро́вий (zdoróvyj)
  • Old Novgorodian: сторовъ (storovŭ), сторовыи (storovyi), съдоровыи (sŭdorovyi)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: съдравъ (sŭdravŭ)

    Glagolitic script: ⱄⱏⰴⱃⰰⰲⱏ (sŭdravŭ)

    • → Russian: здравый (zdravyj, “sensible”)
    • → Carpathian Rusyn: здра́вый (zdrávŷj)
  • Bulgarian: здрав (zdrav)
  • Macedonian: здрав (zdrav)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: здра̏в

    Latin script: zdrȁv

  • Slovene: zdrȁv (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: sdravý
    • Czech: zdravý
  • Old Polish: strowy
    • Polish: zdrowy, zdrów
  • Slovak: zdravý
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: strowy
    • Lower Sorbian: strowy

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “здоровый”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “здоровый”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 321
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*dervo”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 211