درود
Persian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Persian [script needed] (drwd /drōd/, “well-being, health, welfare”), from Old Persian *druwatā-, from 𐎯𐎢𐎽𐎢𐎺 (du-u-ru-u-v /duruva-/, “secure, healthy”), from Proto-Iranian *druwáh. Compare Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬙𐬁𐬝 (druuatāt̰, “health”) (from 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀- (druua-)) and Sanskrit ध्रुव (dhruvá, “fixed, immovable; firm”). Related to Old Armenian դրուատ (druat).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [da.ɾoːð], [da.ɾuːð], [du.ɾuːð]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [d̪æ.ɹuːd̪̥], [d̪o.ɹuːd̪̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [d̪ä.ɾɵd̪], [d̪ä.ɾud̪], [d̪u.ɾud̪]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | darōḏ, darūḏ, durūḏ |
Dari reading? | darūd, durūd |
Iranian reading? | darud, dorud |
Tajik reading? | darüd, darud, durud |
- Rhymes: -uːd
Interjection
[edit]درود • (dorud)
Noun
[edit]درود • (dorud)
- greeting, salutation
- سلام و درود از خراسان ― salâm o dorud az xorasân ― hello and greetings from Khorasan
- health; well-being; welfare
Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Iranian *dā́ru, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dā́ru, from Proto-Indo-European *dóru. Also see دار (dâr), درخت (deraxt). Aghwan 𐔳𐕒𐕡𐕙𐕒𐕡𐔳 (durud) is an Iranian borrowing.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [da.ɾuːð], [du.ɾuːð]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [d̪æ.ɹuːd̪̥], [d̪o.ɹuːd̪̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [d̪ä.ɾud̪], [d̪u.ɾud̪]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | darūḏ, durūḏ |
Dari reading? | darūd, durūd |
Iranian reading? | darud, dorud |
Tajik reading? | darud, durud |
Noun
[edit]درود • (dorud)
Derived terms
[edit]- درگر (dorgar, “carpenter”)
See also
[edit]- نجار (najâr, “carpenter”)
Urdu
[edit]Etymology
[edit]First attested in c. 1564 as Middle Hindi درود (drvd /drūd/),[1] borrowed from Classical Persian درود (durūd), from Middle Persian drwd (drōd).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /d̪ʊ.ɾuːd̪/
- (colloquial, Punjabic Urdu) IPA(key): [d̪ə.ɾuːd̪]
- Rhymes: -uːd̪
- Hyphenation: دُ‧رُود
Noun
[edit]دُرُود • (durūd) m (Hindi spelling दुरूद)
- (Islam) Salawat (durood – the uttering of specific phrases to bless the prophet Muhammad whenever he is mentioned or encountered in a text)
- Synonym: سَلام (salām)
- (by extension) Ellipsis of دُرُود شَرِیف (durūd śarīf).
- (literally) praise, salutation
Derived terms
[edit]- دُرُود و سَلام (durūd-o-salām, “benedictions and blessings on Prophet Muhammad”)
- فاتِحَہ دُرُود (fātihah-durūd, “assembly convened to offer prayers for the dead”)
- دَم دُرُود (dam-durūd, “blowing incantations or prayers, courage, guts, power to stand up to”)
Descendants
[edit]- → English: durood
References
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “درود”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
- Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “درود”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
- Platts, John T. (1884) “درود”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- S. W. Fallon (1879) “درود”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.
- John Shakespear (1834) “درود”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC
- Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian
- Persian terms derived from Middle Persian
- Persian terms inherited from Old Persian
- Persian terms derived from Old Persian
- Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Persian/uːd
- Rhymes:Persian/uːd/2 syllables
- Persian lemmas
- Persian interjections
- Persian nouns
- Persian terms with usage examples
- Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Persian terms with uncommon senses
- Iranian Persian
- Persian greetings
- Urdu terms inherited from Middle Hindi
- Urdu terms derived from Middle Hindi
- Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Middle Persian
- Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Urdu/uːd̪
- Rhymes:Urdu/uːd̪/2 syllables
- Urdu lemmas
- Urdu nouns
- Urdu masculine nouns
- ur:Islam
- Urdu ellipses