درود

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] (drwd /⁠drōd⁠/, “well-being, health, welfare”), from Old Persian *druwatā-, from 𐎯𐎢𐎽𐎢𐎺 (du-u-ru-u-v /⁠duruva-⁠/, “secure, healthy”), from Proto-Iranian *druwáh. Compare Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬙𐬁𐬝 (druuatāt̰, “health”) (from 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀- (druua-)) and Sanskrit ध्रुव (dhruvá, “fixed, immovable; firm”). Related to Old Armenian դրուատ (druat). As a greeting compare Russian здоро́во (zdoróvo, “hi”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /da.ˈroːd/, /da.ˈruːd/, /du.ˈruːd/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ä.ɾuːd̪], [d̪ʊ.ɾuːd̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ä.ɾuːd̪], [d̪ʊ.ɾuːd̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪ä.ɾuːd̪], [d̪ʊ.ɾuːd̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪ä.ɾud̪̥], [d̪u.ɾud̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪æ.ɹuːd̪̥], [d̪o.ɹuːd̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪u.ɾud̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	darōd, darūd, durūd
Dari reading?	darūd, durūd
Iranian reading?	darud, dorud
Tajik reading?	durud

• Rhymes: -uːd

Interjection

درود • (dorud)

1. hello; hail

Noun

درود • (dorud)

1. greeting, salutation

   سلام و درود از خراسان ― salâm o dorud az xorasân ― hello and greetings from Khorasan (Formal Khorasani Persian)

2. health; well-being; welfare

Descendants

• → Bengali: দরূদ (dorud)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: दुरूद (durūd)

  Urdu: دُرُود (durūd)

  • → English: durood
• → Punjabi: دَرُود (darūd)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Iranian *dā́ru, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dā́ru, from Proto-Indo-European *dóru. Also see دار (dâr), درخت (deraxt). Aghwan 𐔳𐕒𐕡𐕙𐕒𐕡𐔳 (durud) is an Iranian borrowing.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /da.ˈruːd/, /du.ˈruːd/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ä.ɾuːd̪], [d̪ʊ.ɾuːd̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ä.ɾuːd̪], [d̪ʊ.ɾuːd̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪ä.ɾuːd̪], [d̪ʊ.ɾuːd̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪ä.ɾud̪̥], [d̪u.ɾud̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪æ.ɹuːd̪̥], [d̪o.ɹuːd̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪u.ɾed̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	darūd, durūd
Dari reading?	darūd, durūd
Iranian reading?	darud, dorud
Tajik reading?	dured

Noun

درود • (dorud)

1. (uncommon) timber
2. (uncommon or Iran) plank

Alternative forms

• درید (dorid)

Derived terms

• درگر (dorgar, “carpenter”)
• درودگری (dorudgari, “carpentry”)

See also

• نجار (najjâr, “carpenter”)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian درود (/⁠durūd⁠/), from Middle Persian drwd (drōd). First attested in c. 1564 as Middle Hindi درود (drvd /⁠drūd⁠/),

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /d̪ʊ.ɾuːd̪/
• (colloquial) IPA^(key): [d̪ə.ɾuːd̪]
• Rhymes: -uːd̪
• Hyphenation: دُ‧رُود

Noun

دُرُود • (durūd) m (Hindi spelling दुरूद)

1. blessing, salutation
2. (Islam) Salawat (durood – the uttering of specific phrases to bless the prophet Muhammad and his family whenever he is mentioned or encountered in a text)

   Synonym: سَلام (salām)

3. (by extension) ellipsis of دُرُود شَرِیف (durūd śarīf)

Declension

Declension of درود

	singular	plural
direct	دُرُود (durūd)	دُرُود (durūd)
oblique	دُرُود (durūd)	دُرُودوں (durūdõ)
vocative	دُرُود (durūd)	دُرُودو (durūdo)

Derived terms

• دَم دُرُود (dam durūd, “blowing incantations or prayers, courage, guts, power to stand up to”)
• دُرُود و سَلام (durūd o salām, “benedictions and blessings on Prophet Muhammad”)
• فاتِحَہ دُرُود (fātiha durūd, “assembly convened to offer prayers for the dead”)

Descendants

• → English: durood

Further reading

• “درود”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2026.
• Fallon, Platts, Qureshi, Shakespear (2024), “درود”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Urdu Dictionaries]