hail
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See also: hæil
English[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Middle English hayle, haile, hail, from Old English hæġl, hæġel, from Proto-Germanic *haglaz (compare West Frisian heil, Low German Hagel, Dutch hagel, German Hagel, Danish hagl, Norwegian hagl)). Either from Proto-Indo-European *kagʰlos (“pebble”), or from *ḱoḱló-, a reduplication of *ḱel- (“cold”) (compare Old Norse héla (“frost”)).
Root-cognates outside of Germanic include Welsh caill (“testicle”), Breton kell (“testicle”), Lithuanian šešėlis (“shade, shadow”), Ancient Greek κάχληξ (kákhlēx, “pebble”), Albanian çakëll (“pebble”), Sanskrit शिशिर (śíśira, “cool, cold”).
Noun[edit]
hail (countable and uncountable, plural hails)
- (meteorology, uncountable) Balls or pieces of ice falling as precipitation, often in connection with a thunderstorm.
- (meteorology, countable) An occurrence of this type of precipitation; a hailstorm.
- (countable, by extension) A rapid, intense barrage by a large number of projectiles or other objects.
- 2019 February 27, Drachinifel, 40:01 from the start, in The Battle of Samar - Odds? What are those?[1], archived from the original on 3 November 2022:
- Their lack of good intelligence also meant that they vastly overestimated the size of their foes for far too long, hails of armor-piercing shells doing comparatively little damage compared to the high explosive that they should have been using.
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
balls of ice
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Verb[edit]
hail (third-person singular simple present hails, present participle hailing, simple past and past participle hailed)
- (impersonal) For hailstones to fall from the sky.
- They say it's going to hail tomorrow.
- (intransitive) To send or release hail.
- The cloud would hail down furiously within a few minutes.
- To pour down in rapid succession.
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
to fall from the sky, of hail
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Etymology 2[edit]
From Middle English heil (“healthy, sound”), from Old Norse heill, from Proto-Germanic *hailaz (“whole, entire, healthy”). The verb is from Middle English heilen, itself from the adjective. Doublet of whole, hale, and heil.
Adjective[edit]
hail (comparative hailer, superlative hailest)
Verb[edit]
hail (third-person singular simple present hails, present participle hailing, simple past and past participle hailed)
- (transitive) To greet; give salutation to; salute.
- 1667, John Milton, “Book I”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, lines 249–252:
- […] Farewel happy Fields / Where Joy for ever dwells: Hail horrours, hail / Infernal world, and thou profoundeſt Hell / Receive they new Poſſeſſor: […]
- (transitive) To name; to designate; to call.
- 1671, John Milton, “Samson Agonistes, […]”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J. M[acock] for John Starkey […], →OCLC, page 28:
- Such a Son as all men hail'd me happy;
- He was hailed as a hero.
- (transitive) To call out loudly in order to gain the attention of.
- Hail a taxi.
- 1995, Alanis Morissette (lyrics and music), “Hand In My Pocket”, in Jagged Little Pill:
- 'Cause I've got one hand in my pocket / And the other one is hailin' a taxi cab
- (transitive, by extension, UK, Australia) To indicate, from a designated stop or otherwise, to the driver of a public transport vehicle that one wishes to board and travel on the vehicle, usually using hand signals such as waving.
- In Melbourne, you would usually have to hail a tram when you are travelling late at night and there are no other passengers waiting at your stop.
- (transitive) To signal in order to initiate communication with.
- (transitive) In the game of uppies and downies, to throw (the ball) repeatedly up and down at the goal location, in order to score a point.
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
to greet
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to name, to designate (as someone/something)
to call out loudly in order to gain the attention of
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to signal in order to initiate communication with
Interjection[edit]
hail
- (archaic or poetic) An exclamation of respectful or reverent salutation, or, occasionally, of familiar greeting.
- c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:
- Hail, brave friend.
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
greeting!
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Anagrams[edit]
Estonian[edit]
Noun[edit]
hail
Irish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
hail
- h-prothesized form of ail
Middle English[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Noun[edit]
hail (uncountable)
- Alternative form of hayle (“hail”)
Etymology 2[edit]
Adjective[edit]
hail
- Alternative form of heil (“healthy, sound”)
Noun[edit]
hail (uncountable)
- Alternative form of heil (“health, welfare”)
Scots[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Old English hāl (“healthy, safe”), from Proto-Germanic *hailaz (“whole, safe, sound”), from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂ilos (“healthy, whole”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
hail (comparative hailer, superlative hailest)
- whole
- free or recovered from disease, healthy, wholesome
- free from injury, safe, sound, unhurt (of people, parts of the body, etc.)
- whole, entire, complete, sound, unbroken, undamaged (of material objects and of time, numbers etc.)
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms
- hailly (“wholly, completely”)
- hailins (“wholly, completely, extremely”)
- hail an fere (“in perfect health or condition, strong, unbroken”)
- hail-an-hauden (“absolutely whole”)
- hail-heidit (“unhurt; whole, entire, complete”)
- hail hypothec (“whole of something, the whole concern”)
- hail-hertit (“undaunted, stalwart”)
- hailscart (“without a scratch, scot-free”)
- hail-skint (“having an undamaged skin”)
- hailsome (“wholesome”)
- hail Yuil (“the old Christmas season from December 25th to the twelfth night”)
- hail watter (“downpour”)
- meat-hail (“having a healthy, unimpaired appetite”)
- the hail closhach (“the whole quantity or number”)
- the hail jing-bang (“the whole caboodle”)
- the hail tot (“the sum total, the whole lot”)
- unhailsome (“unwholesome”)
Noun[edit]
hail (plural hails)
Verb[edit]
hail (third-person singular simple present hails, present participle hailin, simple past hailt, past participle hailt)
Etymology 2[edit]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
hail (third-person singular simple present hails, present participle hailin, simple past hailt, past participle hailt)
Derived terms[edit]
- ower hail (“to overtake”)
Noun[edit]
hail (plural hails)
Etymology 3[edit]
From Old English hæġl, hæġel, from Proto-Germanic *haglaz, either from Proto-Indo-European *kagʰlos (“pebble”), or from *ḱoḱló-, a reduplication of *ḱel- (“cold”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
hail (uncountable)
- (weather) hail, hailstones
- small shot, pellets
Derived terms[edit]
- hailie-pickle (“hailstone”)
- hailstane (“hailstone”)
Turkish[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Ottoman Turkish حائل (hail), from Arabic حَائِل (ḥāʔil). An Ottoman Turkish homophone from Arabic هَائِل (hāʔil) did not survive to modern Turkish.
Noun[edit]
hail (definite accusative haili, plural hailler) (obsolete)
References[edit]
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “ha'il¹”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 2, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1838
- Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962), “hâil”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 373
- Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013) The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN
Welsh[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
hail
- h-prothesized form of ail (“second”)
Mutation[edit]
| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | h-prothesis |
| ail | unchanged | unchanged | hail |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
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