Appendix:North Australian basic vocabulary

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Below are basic vocabulary word lists of North Australian languages, primarily from Capell (1940,[1] 1942[2]).

Capell (1940, 1942)[edit]

Below are basic vocabulary word lists of North Australian languages from Capell (1940,[1] 1942[2]):

People and body parts[edit]

Family Language man woman head eye nose mouth tongue stomach bone blood
Nyulnyulan Baːd[1] aːmba ɔranj nalm nem nimäl niler neaŋal noŋ gɛndj welgar
Nyulnyulan Njulnjul[1] waːmb worinj nalm nem nimäl niler neaŋal noŋ gɛndj welgar
Nyulnyulan Jauor[1] waːmba djando maru bani ? nimäl djawa djälän ŋalu gändji gunbulu
Nyulnyulan Njigina[1] waːmba djando maru nimelgar ŋunidjina niler djälän nuŋu gändji gunbulu
Nyulnyulan Waːrwa[1] waːmba djando ŋalma nimelgar ŋunidjina niler djälän noŋ gändji gunbulu
Worrorran Ungarinyin[1] aɽi, aɽu wɔŋai, wulun -alaŋgun -ambul -aiil mindjäl anbula ŋujen, mandu aːnɔr guli
Worrorran Munumburu[1] aɽi wɔŋai -alaŋgun aiambul njindjuru mindjäl mɔga ŋuje awur guli
Worrorran Woljamidi[1] aɽi wulun buŋguru ambul njindjuru mɔga almbɽa mandu ɔːnɔr wundäbun
Worrorran Unggumi[1] aɖi wɔŋaiinja -bama jumbul jininde mindjäl wanbulema duduŋga janaurge guliːnga
Worrorran Worora[1] idja wɔŋaiinja (ar)bri ombula (ad)biŋu (ar)djamundu anbula (ar)gulum inari gulu
Worrorran Wunambal (1)[1] ɛndjin wɔŋai waːra wumbul windji mindjäl anbulɛ mɛːwur, mandu bunar ŋanda
Worrorran Wunambal (2)[1] ɛndjin wɔŋai baːndi wumbul windji mindjäl anbulɛ mɛːwur bunar guli
Worrorran Gambre[1] bɛndjin ŋaːli baːndi wumbul windji mindjäl mindjäl mala, ŋuju awur guli
Worrorran Baːgu[1] bɛndjin ŋaːli baːndi wumbul windji mɔga mɔga mala bunar guli
Worrorran Gwiːni[1] bɛndjin ŋaːli baːndi wumbul windji mɔga mɔga mala bunar guli
Bunaban Bunaba[1] gujɽäma wiːji guŋgulu mulu wuɽa djäläṉ djälän giniŋa gudju gili
Bunaban Gunian[1] juwulu maŋo walu mɔːlu manili daŋandi djäläṉ djulu gudji wari
Jarrakan Gidja[1] djiːlin ŋaːlil guŋgulïn muːlu manil ḏuwundïn ḏalalan djaːm gwïdji gjauəlïn
Jarrakan Guluwarin[1] djiɣilin ŋaːlil dumun mɔːla njiganïn ḏuwundïn ḏalalan daɽwun daːlïn gjauldji
Jarrakan Miriwun[1] djawalaŋ gawilaŋ gaminduŋ mɔːl njumbur ḏalala ḏalala galdjän jaːriŋ garŋan
Jarrakan Gadjerong[1] djɔːmaŋ gabilaŋ guɽunjuŋ moːl njumbur ḏabandaṉ ḏalalaŋ raːriːŋ jaːriŋ guŋulu
Mirndi Nungali[1] diːimbul njäŋaːruŋ niimburu mijaŋargin nijuija nijara niaŋandjilin meuŋug guːdjin guŋulu
Mirndi Jilngali[1] djumbul ŋaruŋ guɽunjuŋ djuwud djuwija djära djalaṉ buru bunu, gujuwan garŋan
Mirndi Djämindjung[1] djumbul malɛji gulaga djuwad djuwija djära djalaṉ magala gujuwan wurinjun
Mirndi Ngaliwuru[1] djumbul ŋaruŋ djumburu djuwud djuwija djära djalan magala gujuwan guŋulu
Yangmanic Wadaman[1] jibiwan baŋbun ibam imum idunj idjäga djɛlin nädjin wuːnɛ guräd
Wadjiginy Woːgaidj[1] ŋanan ŋoalaŋ bödja miba widja ŋaːg ŋaːɖal bɛnman big gavin
Daly, Northern Mulluk Mulluk[1] jinja aluwaɽa bundu numuru jinin aɽe njändilg mɛn muɽid dawud
Daly, Southern Nanggumiri[1] meːbur walmi däbi damɔi dedji dedir daːŋ dɛːgɛː ami budjän
Daly, Western Marithiel[1] mäɽi mogo biji miɽi jɛn ŋaɭ ŋaɭ ḏiri-ḏiri maři amuwa wogirin
Laragia Laragia[1] bilöva binjidba maːluma damaɽa gwingwa gwiabulgwa gwiamilawa med’lema mujagwa damadjila
Marrku-Wurrugu Mara[2] gärijimar girija maraŋuɽu maguɽ djiɽi ŋaːndal djiːjil gunjan ŋajigad ŋulidji
Marrku-Wurrugu Margu[2] geiag njunɔn waɽi daːɭa ɣïːni ŋaɽjad ŋaɽjad ɣiwud aruwa didjaːridj
Tiwi Ngalagan[2] bigur bolo‘bolo miːra ŋandjula gudjeː gudjaːla djaːlŋ guwar ŋaɽaga guraidj
Tiwi Anjula[2] mininŋia ananawaija wulaia miː ŋuɽu mulu ŋaːndal wadju guɽuwuɽu djinaŋulja
Tiwi Melville[1] wawärini imbalinja duluwa bidara jirundamura irubudara imidala wurara bwɔda madjibani
Iwaidjan Amarag[2] awuɭaɭu wuraidbaru iwulja waliwu wiːl wiiŋara wiŋaril aɖigu igada maniŋul
Iwaidjan Maung[1] arargbi waramuŋbig wandji won mulu ilagbiridj ŋaɽalg gɔːrag ijaɣig maniŋog
Iwaidjan Iwaidja[1] waːrgbi woraidjba bagal jaɽ mul ɽagbiridj garalg galal gilir maniŋul
Giimbiyu Mangeri[2] wurilg ŋeːn wiliŋerm iːm jingolm jagir nindjadj abeɽweɽe ijerm maneŋulm
Giimbiyu Uningangk[2] wurig ŋeːn ulŋerb iːm ingolb indjaːd indjaːd abeɽwe mulgud waija
Gaagudju Gagadu[2] djereiŋi djireːwan ŋaːṙi bɔːrɔ geːni djaːbul ŋaːndjil mabulu benaːgăra maneŋul
Gaagudju Gagadu[1] ulandja djereiwin nari bɔːro geeimi djäbul naindjil mabɔːɭio bɛnɔgra manuŋäl
Maningrida Gungorogone[2] wari gami ŋɔrɔŋɔrɔ mebele goi ŋaɽa ŋaɽa gɔdjaŋa gadjäldi gɔːlidja
Maningrida Gudjälavia[2] angigälije gamu bama miːbele guje ŋane ŋaɭ ŋaburba ŋumama maɳiŋan
Maningrida Gunaidbe[2] angigälije gamu bama miːbele ŋoira ŋane ŋaɭ ŋaburba ŋumama maɳiŋan
Maningrida Burera[2] angigälije gamu bama miːbele ŋoira ŋana ŋaɭa gɔidjila munmama maɳiŋan, mangaraba
Maningrida Nagara[2] wunigalaia nawaɽa magar guɽbara lombara ŋaɽa ŋadabirbir gunar namoːma nagumbala
Maningrida Gunavidji[1] jiːdja ŋaɽaːm juwuŋga diːli maŋu djäbara djäŋɔl djälema ida ganbiliːbala
Maningrida Bunaːra[1] biːn, ŋanbe djulumu waːlu mil djirdji lira djälaṉ munda gidji gindjil
Mangarrayi-Maran Mungarai[1] malaṉ gaɖugu gaia djib miliŋ djäɽäb djawi daɽa dama guranjin
Mangarrayi-Maran Alawa[2] lilmi girija guɽuguɽu gulur gujumur ŋaːndal djeːjälŋ gundjäl galawa ŋulidji
Gunwinyguan S. Gunwinggu[2] binin dalug gungoidj gunmiːm gungəb gundaŋ gundjen gunjam gunmuruŋ gungulba
Gunwinyguan Muralidban[2] binin ŋalwareːrulg gungoidan gunmiːm gungəb gundaŋ gundjen gunmelem gunmuruŋ gungulba
Gunwinyguan Andiljaugwa[2] nanamamalja wudáriŋga ariŋga meːnba aminda adira aljäljigba mulgwa adidira meːra
Gunwinyguan Nunggubuyu[2] nawarinjuŋ ŋaramaninjuŋ jinag bagaɭa jɔmɔːr ɽamadan laːn ŋuɖan ŋagaɽa wulaŋ
Gunwinyguan Wandarang[2] nawaɽiji ŋiwoibi wugululu mamaguɽ wundjíriba wuŋaːndal wudjijil wuŋandja wuŋaɽaga maŋulidji
Gunwinyguan Ngandi[2] nijul namanaŋ gulaŋ maŋandjula gwijiban gudagula gudälŋ mowara guŋaɽaga mabaɳgo
Gunwinyguan Rainbarngo[2] biː diŋ‘ djara gaindjulja giːja diːjälŋ diːjälŋ giːna balmana gulbana
Gunwinyguan Buan[2] jawurin giɖigiɖ gɔidj mïmï djɛː daːləː dɛl guː mɔː guraidj
Gunwinyguan Gundangbon[2] biji girigidj gɔidj mumu djɛː dalugaɽa‘ djɛn ŋu‘ mɔː gulba
Gunwinyguan Gunwinggu[1] biniṉ muli‘muliŋ gungɔidj gunmin gungɛb gundaŋ gundjɛn gunjan gunmuruŋ gungulba
Gunwinyguan Gunbaːlang[1] giɖimarg baramimbaṉ gɔidjgɔidj wumu wumɛːli djaːɖɛɽ ŋaːg mugmaɳɖi gɛːgɛg moɭobin
Gunwinyguan Ngaɖi[1] ŋarga gandar waːlu milba mulju lira djälaṉ djaːla gidji djugän
Garrwan Garama[1] gadu balŋun bɛlbid gamal djimu dädbi djɛman maːda munu gumuluŋ
Garrwan Waneiga[1] jäba ludju gada milba mulju lira djälaṉ miälu gidji djugän
Tangkic Laːdil[2] jugadbaɖa binŋin lälga gɔa njulda Lämin djalda Lämin
Tangkic Neːmarang[2] bidinaŋga magudaŋga nälda miːbul girga wara djärŋana
Yolngu Wan‘guri[2] jọlŋọ baɖami muɽguɽ maŋudji ŋọrọ ḏa ŋaːnar guru maṙiṙin gulaŋ
Yolngu Warameri[2] jọlŋọ baɖami muɽguɽu maŋudji gamuru djurwara maḏa gulun ŋaɽaga jilaŋ
Yolngu Galbu[2] jọlŋọ miälg mulguɽ miːl, maŋudji ŋọrọ ḏa maḏa gulun ŋaɽaga gulaŋ
Yolngu Riraidjango[2] jọlŋọ da‘iga mulguɽ miːl ŋọrọ ḏa ŋaːnar dulmọ ŋaɽaga gulaŋ
Yolngu Yanango[2] jọlŋọ miälg daːmbu maŋudji gamuru durwara ŋaːnar gulun maṙiṙin gulaŋ
Yolngu Golba[2] jọlŋọ miälg daːmbu miːl mada gulun gulaŋ
Yolngu Gobabwingo[2] jọlŋọ miälg lia miːl ŋọrọ ḏa maḏa gulun ŋaɽaga maŋgo, gulaŋ
Yolngu Djambarbwingo[2] jọlŋọ miälg lia miːl ŋọrọ ḏa maḏa gulun ŋaɽag maŋgo, gulaŋ
Yolngu Dalwongo[2] jọlŋọ mareːbulu mulguɽ maŋudji ŋọrọ ḏa ŋaːnar dulmọ ŋaɽaga gulaŋ
Yolngu Ridarngo[2] jọlŋọ diŋ‘ lia miːl ŋọrọ ḏɛlŋ maḏa gulun ŋaɽaga gula
Yolngu Gomaidj[2] jọlŋọ daigaːwuru lia miːl ŋọrọ ḏa ŋaːnar gulun ŋaɽaga gulaŋ
Yolngu Manggalili[2] jọlŋọ daigaːwuru lia miːl ŋọrọ ḏa ŋaːnar gulun ŋaɽaga wuɽuŋgul
Yolngu Maṙaṙba[2] jọlŋọ miälg mulguɽ miːl ŋọrọ ḏa maḏa gulun ŋaɽaga gulaŋ
Yolngu Djinba[2] julŋi miälg gungu mili ŋɔrɛ ɽari djäliŋan gulun ŋaɽaga gulaŋ
Yolngu Yandjinang[2] djäriwidji miːlg gɔɳgi mïːl ŋɔrɛ ɽari djɛlaŋ budjiri ŋiɽigɛ bɔṙɛ
Desert Nyungic Njängumada[1] marŋu midawa djudju bani milja rira djälin ŋaːlu ŋandi gunbulu
Desert Nyungic Garadjeri[1] marŋo djando guŋgulu bani milja djawa djälan ŋaːlu gunbulu
Desert Nyungic Mangala[1] djiːbi malar djida mil milja rira djalan burma gamari gunbulu
Desert Nyungic Wolmeri[1] biːn, ŋanbe maːɳin waːlu mil djirdji gaɳɖalgudal djulaṉ ŋaːru gudji nuŋu
Desert Nyungic Jülbre[1] waḏi dudju miläl guɽu mulja jira ŋalana djuni darga jilgu
Desert Nyungic S. Djäru[1] mawun ŋaːriŋga laŋga milwa djirdji lira, djawi djälaṉ munda gudji gjaːwili
Desert Nyungic Malngin[1] ŋumbin djänga waːlu milo djirdji barara djälaṉ munda gudji guŋulu
Desert Nyungic Ngaɽinman[1] ŋumbin bagali waːluŋ mila djirdji lira djälaṉ munda gudji ŋurinjin
Desert Nyungic Mudbura[1] ŋarga giri waːlu mila djirdji baraːrg djälaɳ madjula gujuwan guŋulu
Desert Nyungic Gogodja[1] bundu dɔdju ŋalja guɽu djirdji lira djälaṉ munda juŋguɽu jälju

Animals[edit]

Family Language kangaroo opossum emu crow fly (insect)
Nyulnyulan Baːd[1] buru läŋgur inini waŋgede mogonj
Nyulnyulan Njulnjul[1] bardjani, burug läŋgur winin waŋged mogonj
Nyulnyulan Jauor[1] bardjanan goiɛ ganaŋandja djawari bɛːrambin
Nyulnyulan Njigina[1] bardjani läŋgur ganaŋandja waŋgaɳa waɳmin
Nyulnyulan Waːrwa[1] bardjani guɳɖuman ganaŋandja waŋgide waɳmin
Worrorran Ungarinyin[1] iali andäri, garimba djebara wa̱ŋgara ŋanauɛra
Worrorran Munumburu[1] iali andäri djebara wa̱ŋgara wurŋun
Worrorran Woljamidi[1] iali guman djebara maɖiwa wurŋun
Worrorran Unggumi[1] ware gundumanja djebarinja wa̱ŋgaranja wurŋare
Worrorran Worora[1] aːrura burgumba djebarinja wa̱ŋgaranja ŋanauara
Worrorran Wunambal (1)[1] amba gaiɛmba, ganari jiluluŋari waːwanja ŋanauara
Worrorran Wunambal (2)[1] amba burgumba, garimba wiɛri gaualjɛra
Worrorran Gambre[1] amba wuraba, guman wiɛri waŋguɽa ŋaːwan
Worrorran Baːgu[1] amba wudɔɖa wiɛri waŋguɽa gaŋgu
Worrorran Gwiːni[1] amba guman wiɛri waŋguɽa worŋa
Bunaban Bunaba[1] wandjiri läŋgur ganaŋandja waŋgaɳa ŋirinji
Bunaban Gunian[1] wandjiri djämbidjin waŋgide ŋurinj
Jarrakan Gidja[1] djiːriṉ laŋguṉ wanjäbal waŋgaɳa buɳul
Jarrakan Guluwarin[1] djiriṉ naŋguṉ madjugul wɔŋgaral wurŋäl
Jarrakan Miriwun[1] djiːriŋ guman madjuguŋ waŋgariŋ ŋurin
Jarrakan Gadjerong[1] djiːriŋ guman waŋgadiŋ ŋurin
Mirndi Nungali[1] dijaŋara djaŋana gumurindji duagirag diridjburu
Mirndi Jilngali[1] jaŋara ŋurgudi waŋguɽin gunäma
Mirndi Djämindjung[1] jaŋara djägulädji waŋgina nämbul
Mirndi Ngaliwuru[1] jaŋara djägulädji waŋgina gunäma
Yangmanic Wadaman[1] gaŋman balan gumɛrindji wagwag galun
Wadjiginy Woːgaidj[1] mudj dadjädaid wagwag mul
Daly, Northern Mulluk Mulluk[1] djɛjud wiju waŋgir ŋudjun
Daly, Southern Nanggumiri[1] djawugu abundarmi awaŋgi ami
Daly, Western Marithiel[1] awɛdjiwuruŋ abujiri amuɽdjiːr awag awamir
Laragia Laragia[1] mi’luːlula gudgida goaːgoaːva gumulɛːlva
Marrku-Wurrugu Mara[2] girmọ gudjaɳi djiwiɖiwiɖi waŋganaŋi guɳɖil
Marrku-Wurrugu Margu[2] wïːdjud wiːɽiɽin mangunuba reimbiriri mɔlg
Tiwi Ngalagan[2] gọːin dugula ŋurundɔidj waːɽŋwaːɽŋ bɔd
Tiwi Anjula[2] wunäla biwali djagudugudu rawaŋga ramijimiji
Tiwi Melville[1] diraga ŋunuŋa wagwagini ubɔni
Iwaidjan Amarag[2] malaijuwar waŋguwu ganguɽg gubula mulgulg
Iwaidjan Maung[1] aijaŋ wundäru waramundubu gɔragag molg
Iwaidjan Iwaidja[1] jilbuwi muŋarg gumbulag moɭg
Giimbiyu Mangeri[2] oidjbaɣar muŋaːd wiwijüw gagud muɳimuɳi
Giimbiyu Uningangk[2] wurulamb malijarŋ iwidjiw gagud maŋanaŋaɳ
Gaagudju Gagadu[2] baːgu mɔɳɔ gabaṙɛːbi mawaːga ŋɔrmul
Gaagudju Gagadu[1] bargo murnu
Maningrida Gungorogone[2] ganajala waraːgun buɽar ŋaːridje mɔːji
Maningrida Gudjälavia[2] gandejala waːragun wagwag jumuɖbi
Maningrida Gunaidbe[2] gandejala waːragun wagwag jumuɖbi
Maningrida Burera[2] gonobolo waːragun wurbaɳ ma'rälgara mɔːja
Maningrida Nagara[2] bälmänindja gurbarabulgaga wagwag namɔːnj
Maningrida Gunavidji[1] gudjbara malada ŋainjauŋanj manjimiːndja
Maningrida Bunaːra[1] wawiri djaŋana guɽaŋan ŋurin
Mangarrayi-Maran Mungarai[1] garawi widjwidj wagwag mɔːdj
Mangarrayi-Maran Alawa[2] girimbọ gudjaɳi djinaliri waŋgunaji wuɳɖil
Gunwinyguan S. Gunwinggu[2] goɳobolo djɛːbui gurugaiju waːg bɔːd
Gunwinyguan Muralidban[2] gundagi duri waːg bɔːd
Gunwinyguan Andiljaugwa[2] juburáda juguŋba jiŋwa juwama
Gunwinyguan Nunggubuyu[2] ŋargọ jirgi wajin wɔːwag amun
Gunwinyguan Wandarang[2] mulbia ajirgin ŋiwurugan waɽgwaɽg awamun
Gunwinyguan Ngandi[2] mulbia aɖawa awurban awa‘wa abɔd
Gunwinyguan Rainbarngo[2] bulaidj-bulaidj marŋo wa‘wa‘ buad
Gunwinyguan Buan[2] guiṉ dugula ŋuroɖo wa‘wa‘ mɔɽ
Gunwinyguan Gundangbon[2] guiṉ dugula ŋuroɖo wa‘wa‘ bɔːd
Gunwinyguan Gunwinggu[1] gɔɳɔbɔlɔ djɛːbui gurugaiju waːg bɔːd
Gunwinyguan Gunbaːlang[1] goːin gundärbu maɳɖɛb djidaːwun mog
Gunwinyguan Ngaɖi[1] djädji djaŋana djäŋilga ŋurin
Garrwan Garama[1] ŋalmuŋgu jaːɭ waːg moːl
Garrwan Waneiga[1] maɭu djaŋana djäŋilga ŋurin
Tangkic Laːdil[2] gandjin waːga
Tangkic Neːmarang[2] magurag djaɖag
Yolngu Wan‘guri[2] wiːɖi ɽubu maluiːja galgmanda buad
Yolngu Warameri[2] wiːɖi marŋo wurban waːg gädiŋälọ
Yolngu Galbu[2] mundbia marŋo ’maluja gälgäriŋọ wurubul
Yolngu Riraidjango[2] mulbia marŋo maluiːja waːg buad
Yolngu Yanango[2] wiːɖi marŋo baɖaːwuma galgmanda buad
Yolngu Golba[2] marŋo
Yolngu Gobabwingo[2] wiːɖi marŋo wurban waːg wurulul
Yolngu Djambarbwingo[2] wiːɖi marŋo wurban waːg wurulul
Yolngu Dalwongo[2] ganguɽul ɽubu wurban waːg gädiŋäli
Yolngu Ridarngo[2] ŋarggọ marŋo waːgia buad
Yolngu Gomaidj[2] mulbia marŋo wurban waːg gädiŋälọ
Yolngu Manggalili[2] mulbia ɽubu wurban waːg gädiŋäli
Yolngu Maṙaṙba[2] mulbia marŋo wurban waːg wurulul
Yolngu Djinba[2] ŋarggọ märŋo waːgia bolgi
Yolngu Yandjinang[2] ŋargọ marŋo wurban waːgire muruläl
Desert Nyungic Njängumada[1] bardjanin laŋgur galaju djawari wɔdei
Desert Nyungic Garadjeri[1] bardjanin laŋgur bidjaɖa djawari wanmin
Desert Nyungic Mangala[1] wandjiri laŋgur ganaŋandja waŋgede wanmin
Desert Nyungic Wolmeri[1] wandjiri djämbidjin ganaŋandja waŋgan bunmuɽ
Desert Nyungic Jülbre[1] madjiri djägilgäda ŋurin
Desert Nyungic S. Djäru[1] djädji ŋungudi wanjaru wangura ŋurin, muru
Desert Nyungic Malngin[1] djiːa ŋurgudi wanjaru wagwag ŋurin
Desert Nyungic Ngaɽinman[1] djiːa djaŋana ibaradu wagwag ŋurin, gunama
Desert Nyungic Mudbura[1] djiːa ŋurgudi ŋäɽin waŋgurinja gunuŋa
Desert Nyungic Gogodja[1] maɭu mala ganga mɔŋu

Nature[edit]

Family Language sun moon fire smoke water
Nyulnyulan Baːd[1] alg gunjul djuŋgu gungud wol, uŋgur
Nyulnyulan Njulnjul[1] waːlg gunjul djuŋgu gungud wol, wuŋgur
Nyulnyulan Jauor[1] waːlga giliban djuŋgu ŋuɽun wula
Nyulnyulan Njigina[1] baɽa gilinman, giridin djuŋgu duwi wela
Nyulnyulan Waːrwa[1] waːlga giliman, giridin djuŋgu duwi wela
Worrorran Ungarinyin[1] maɽaŋi gunjili, gaɳgi windjäŋun bindjän ŋabun
Worrorran Munumburu[1] meɽiŋun gaɳgi windjäŋu ŋundjur ŋawa
Worrorran Woljamidi[1] maːri gaːgiri wurgala ŋundjur jaːwal
Worrorran Unggumi[1] wandinja ginjila wianga bindjäŋga jaŋga
Worrorran Worora[1] maraŋanja gunjila wianu bidjugu agu
Worrorran Wunambal (1)[1] maɽaŋo goɽa, gaɳgi windjäŋum bindjän jaːwal
Worrorran Wunambal (2)[1] maɽaŋi gunjili buː bindjägun jaːwal
Worrorran Gambre[1] maɽaŋo girŋal windjäŋun ŋundjur ŋawa, jaːwal
Worrorran Baːgu[1] mɔɽɔŋ wamara buː ŋundjur ŋawa
Worrorran Gwiːni[1] mɔɽɔŋ gagari wunar ŋundjur ŋawa
Bunaban Bunaba[1] gawara gilimana windäli bindja gaɽwa
Bunaban Gunian[1] miri djaːlin weandi wangi gaːmba
Jarrakan Gidja[1] baːndil gaɳgiṉ maɳiṉ wangiṉ guːɭiṉ
Jarrakan Guluwarin[1] baːndil gaɳgiṉ gidjauəlïn dulubgari goːliṉ
Jarrakan Miriwun[1] gaŋiriṉ gangiŋ gadjaːwilaŋ ḏuŋgi gäluŋ
Jarrakan Gadjerong[1] baːndiṉ gaɳgiŋ maːnuŋ ḏuŋgiṉ gaːbuŋ
Mirndi Nungali[1] njailän dabaraŋaɽa nujug niulaṉ gogo
Mirndi Jilngali[1] wulŋan baraŋan gujug djuwulaṉ gogo
Mirndi Djämindjung[1] wulŋan djägilin gujug djuwulaṉ gogo
Mirndi Ngaliwuru[1] waŋgu baɽaŋan gujug djuːlaṉ gogo
Yangmanic Wadaman[1] ŋurun gandawag wudja lujuŋgin wian
Wadjiginy Woːgaidj[1] qeig qaɽa vin wingar wiːg
Daly, Northern Mulluk Mulluk[1] miɽi jɛl djiäŋ wɛn waːg
Daly, Southern Nanggumiri[1] miːri diwin jäŋgi jäŋgi dawan guɽu
Daly, Western Marithiel[1] bandi biŋgal djändji djämu wodi
Laragia Laragia[1] dalira duːrjawa gujuguwa damudjila gaːɽuwa
Marrku-Wurrugu Mara[2] gunaru waɖaŋari waɖgar guŋoŋo ŋọgọ
Marrku-Wurrugu Margu[2] muɽi rana djuːɳa ŋoɭan wobaidj
Tiwi Ngalagan[2] ŋuwadji gurŋa guŋwɛ guguwalbɛŋɛ gu'wɛ
Tiwi Anjula[2] ragamba ŋagala bújuga wulŋara wajuru
Tiwi Melville[1] bugwi, imuŋa dabara jugɔni gumuribini guguni
Iwaidjan Amarag[2] mänjidj gurana gudjäli guŋaṉ aɖawud
Iwaidjan Maung[1] mowan gorana juŋgu wuŋain wobaidj
Iwaidjan Iwaidja[1] muwar guɽana gudjäli guŋain wobaidj
Giimbiyu Mangeri[2] muɣaːliŋ järagäl wiɽumgarm wuŋɛŋg ogog
Giimbiyu Uningangk[2] indjuwawi järagäl widjälim wuŋɛŋg ogog
Gaagudju Gagadu[2] gobolbara maɖba gudjäli uŋari gaṙu
Gaagudju Gagadu[1] gobolba malba gudjäli garu
Maningrida Gungorogone[2] djinmurga ŋɔlgɔwar gunŋudja ginɛlɛ gunmɛnaŋ
Maningrida Gudjälavia[2] maɳŋa ŋandjireɖa bɔːl djolŋo djidjurog
Maningrida Gunaidbe[2] maɳŋa ŋandjireɖa bɔːl djolŋo bugulo
Maningrida Burera[2] maɳŋa ɽangu bɔːl djolŋo bugulo
Maningrida Nagara[2] nabɛn wunuŋurabildbilaga nadjɔːga nawuːra goga
Maningrida Gunavidji[1] warwara digilgara juwija gɔlɔŋandjara gaːba
Maningrida Bunaːra[1] djiːla jälŋan waɭu ŋandjur ŋaba
Mangarrayi-Maran Mungarai[1] ganjwar giidj damaia gunburau ŋogo
Mangarrayi-Maran Alawa[2] marawaɭbaɭ aɖaŋari wubu guŋuŋu ŋọgọ
Gunwinyguan S. Gunwinggu[2] gunduŋ diːɖ gunag gundɔlŋ gogo
Gunwinyguan Muralidban[2] ŋalbɛnbe diːɖ gunag gundɔlŋ gunɽɔːṉ
Gunwinyguan Andiljaugwa[2] mamaːwura jimaːwura aŋuɽa aŋwara aguŋwa
Gunwinyguan Nunggubuyu[2] aɭir labama ŋuɽa wuŋuban agogo
Gunwinyguan Wandarang[2] ŋinguŋaru nadaŋadaŋa wuŋambur wundular wuŋaladja
Gunwinyguan Ngandi[2] mawaɭir nigurŋa gudaŋi gubán gujärg
Gunwinyguan Rainbarngo[2] muda gurŋa ŋuɽa dɔːɭŋ djula
Gunwinyguan Buan[2] walir diɖ mimäl dɔlgnɔ waː
Gunwinyguan Gundangbon[2] bɛbagar gurŋa mimäl djunör waː
Gunwinyguan Gunwinggu[1] gunduŋ diːd gunɽag gundɔlŋ gunɽɔin
Gunwinyguan Gunbaːlang[1] gaːnag wurana wiɖidj wungawu njunjug
Gunwinyguan Ngaɖi[1] bɽaŋu jagan waɭu gundjuru ŋaba
Garrwan Garama[1] ŋuŋa mɛrg ḏuŋgu wanag goɽa
Garrwan Waneiga[1] wanda girindji waɽu gundjuru gabi
Tangkic Laːdil[2] warga giɖigiɽ njuda ḏuŋal ŋoga
Tangkic Neːmarang[2] wargu waldar ŋida wadu ŋogo
Yolngu Wan‘guri[2] walọ wa̱lmura ŋurdja ŋawurŋawur ŋargula
Yolngu Warameri[2] walọ boːla ŋurdja ḏiliwur gaɽmag
Yolngu Galbu[2] walọ ŋaɭindi ḏäŋuḏa ŋäräli magadi
Yolngu Riraidjango[2] walọ wa̱lmura ḏäŋuḏa ŋäräli gabu
Yolngu Yanango[2] bïːn walmura bwiːmar ḏiliwur gabu
Yolngu Golba[2] walọ wa̱lmura guɽda̱ gabu
Yolngu Gobabwingo[2] walọ ŋaɭindi guɽḏa ḏiliwur gabu
Yolngu Djambarbwingo[2] walọ ŋaɭindi guɽḏa ḏiliwur gabu
Yolngu Dalwongo[2] larŋgai ŋaɭindi ḏäŋuḏa ŋäräli gudjärg
Yolngu Ridarngo[2] walir ŋaɭindi, gulgia guɽḏa baːn gabu
Yolngu Gomaidj[2] walọ ŋaɭindi goɽḏa ḏiliwur gabu
Yolngu Manggalili[2] walọ wirmu ’bujuga diliwur gudjäɽg
Yolngu Maṙaṙba[2] walọ naɭindi ŋuɽa ŋäräli gabu
Yolngu Djinba[2] djäɽbiɽ galgi djoŋgɛ mälggɛ gabi
Yolngu Yandjinang[2] walir ɽangu djoŋgɛ ŋaɽimbi gabe
Desert Nyungic Njängumada[1] djandja ɖaɖaɖa wiga baɳɖi ŋaba
Desert Nyungic Garadjeri[1] baːra ɖaɖaɖa djuŋgu ŋuɽun ŋaba
Desert Nyungic Mangala[1] baːra gilinman waɭu ŋundjir ŋaba
Desert Nyungic Wolmeri[1] bɽaŋu gilinman waɭu duwi ŋaba
Desert Nyungic Jülbre[1] banal rogaŋga waɽu ŋundjur galju
Desert Nyungic S. Djäru[1] walur järŋan djawu ŋundjur ŋaba
Desert Nyungic Malngin[1] gaŋirin djälaːɳ djawi djuŋgaɖ ŋaːwa
Desert Nyungic Ngaɽinman[1] wulŋan djägilin djawi djuŋgaɖ ŋaːwa
Desert Nyungic Mudbura[1] waŋgu baɖaŋara djawi, waɭu djuŋgaidj ŋogo
Desert Nyungic Gogodja[1] ŋeːlir girindji waɽu djänjuŋu gabi, jura

Combined[edit]

Below are basic vocabulary lists for all Australian language families, combined from Capell (1940, 1942) and other sources.

Languages[edit]

Languages not from Capell (1940, 1942) are:

Body parts[edit]

Family Language Source head eye nose mouth tongue stomach bone blood
Pama-Nyungan *Pama-Nyungan Alpher (2004) *kuru *kuːwu, *ngurru *caː *calañ, *ngañcar *walngka *muku
Tangkic Laːdil Capell (1942) lälga gɔa njulda Lämin djalda Lämin
Tangkic Neːmarang Capell (1942) nälda miːbul girga wara djärŋana
Tangkic? Minkin Evans (1990) wiʈa mitʸELa kiwiRa paRka THalŋa ~ THanŋa paʈaka; puLtʸi TimERa (ʈimiřa) takana
Garrwan Garama Capell (1940) bɛlbid gamal djimu dädbi djɛman maːda munu gumuluŋ
Garrwan Waneiga Capell (1940) gada milba mulju lira djälaṉ miälu gidji djugän
Macro-Gunwinyguan, Mangarrayi-Maran Mungarai Capell (1940) gaia djib miliŋ djäɽäb djawi daɽa dama guranjin
Macro-Gunwinyguan, Mangarrayi-Maran Alawa Capell (1942) guɽuguɽu gulur gujumur ŋaːndal djeːjälŋ gundjäl galawa ŋulidji
Macro-Gunwinyguan, Gunwinyguan *Gunwinyguan Harvey (2003) *koc; *-pam *koq; *-Tum *ce *-ngal/rrk; *-thala *-cen; *thelng *Tor *-mo *kurrac; *kurlpa
Macro-Gunwinyguan, Maningrida Gungorogone Capell (1942) ŋɔrɔŋɔrɔ mebele goi ŋaɽa ŋaɽa gɔdjaŋa gadjäldi gɔːlidja
Macro-Gunwinyguan, Maningrida Gudjälavia Capell (1942) bama miːbele guje ŋane ŋaɭ ŋaburba ŋumama maɳiŋan
Macro-Gunwinyguan, Maningrida Nagara Capell (1942) magar guɽbara lombara ŋaɽa ŋadabirbir gunar namoːma nagumbala
Macro-Gunwinyguan, Maningrida Gunavidji Capell (1940) juwuŋga diːli maŋu djäbara djäŋɔl djälema ida ganbiliːbala
Macro-Gunwinyguan, Maningrida Bunaːra Capell (1940) waːlu mil djirdji lira djälaṉ munda gidji gindjil
Macro-Gunwinyguan, Gaagudju Gagadu Capell (1942) ŋaːṙi bɔːrɔ geːni djaːbul ŋaːndjil mabulu benaːgăra maneŋul
Marrku-Wurrugu Mara Capell (1942) maraŋuɽu maguɽ djiɽi ŋaːndal djiːjil gunjan ŋajigad ŋulidji
Marrku-Wurrugu Margu Capell (1942) waɽi daːɭa ɣïːni ŋaɽjad ŋaɽjad ɣiwud aruwa didjaːridj
Giimbiyu Mangeri Capell (1942) wiliŋerm iːm jingolm jagir nindjadj abeɽweɽe ijerm maneŋulm
Giimbiyu Uningangk Capell (1942) ulŋerb iːm ingolb indjaːd indjaːd abeɽwe mulgud waija
Iwaidjan Amarag Capell (1942) iwulja waliwu wiːl wiiŋara wiŋaril aɖigu igada maniŋul
Iwaidjan Maung Capell (1940) wandji won mulu ilagbiridj ŋaɽalg gɔːrag ijaɣig maniŋog
Iwaidjan Iwaidja Capell (1940) bagal jaɽ mul ɽagbiridj garalg galal gilir maniŋul
Darwin Region Umbugarla Davies (1989) gumbungur malurr djəmilig awardang abulu bulumba garwadj
Darwin Region Limilngan Harvey (2001) lulikbi -milk -inan -uykgal ijalk marnitjjingi -ambirriwirlurl makbangi
Darwin Region Laragia Capell (1940) maːluma damaɽa gwingwa gwiabulgwa gwiamilawa med’lema mujagwa damadjila
Tiwi Ngalagan Capell (1942) miːra ŋandjula gudjeː gudjaːla djaːlŋ guwar ŋaɽaga guraidj
Tiwi Anjula Capell (1942) wulaia miː ŋuɽu mulu ŋaːndal wadju guɽuwuɽu djinaŋulja
Tiwi Melville Capell (1940) duluwa bidara jirundamura irubudara imidala wurara bwɔda madjibani
Yangmanic Wadaman Capell (1940) ibam imum idunj idjäga djɛlin nädjin wuːnɛ guräd
Daly, Eastern Kamor Tryon (1968) puǰæ miyam činin ŋaltïretïre mæn pæč čœrŋuɲ
Daly, Eastern Matngala Tryon (1968) puǰa dun činin ŋænæR pak pæč čœruŋœɲ
Daly, Southern Nanggumiri Capell (1940) däbi damɔi dedji dedir daːŋ dɛːgɛː ami budjän
Daly, Northern Mulluk Mulluk Capell (1940) bundu numuru jinin aɽe njändilg mɛn muɽid dawud
Daly, Wadjiginy Woːgaidj Capell (1940) bödja miba widja ŋaːg ŋaːɖal bɛnman big gavin
Daly, Western Marithiel Capell (1940) biji miɽi jɛn ŋaɭ ŋaɭ ḏiri-ḏiri maři amuwa wogirin
Mirndi Ngaliwuru Capell (1940) djumburu djuwud djuwija djära djalan magala gujuwan guŋulu
Mirndi Nungali Capell (1940) niimburu mijaŋargin nijuija nijara niaŋandjilin meuŋug guːdjin guŋulu
Jarrakan Gidja Capell (1940) guŋgulïn muːlu manil ḏuwundïn ḏalalan djaːm gwïdji gjauəlïn
Jarrakan Miriwun Capell (1940) gaminduŋ mɔːl njumbur ḏalala ḏalala galdjän jaːriŋ garŋan
Bunaban Bunaba Capell (1940) guŋgulu mulu wuɽa djäläṉ djälän giniŋa gudju gili
Bunaban Gunian Capell (1940) walu mɔːlu manili daŋandi djäläṉ djulu gudji wari
Worrorran Woljamidi Capell (1940) buŋguru ambul njindjuru mɔga almbɽa mandu ɔːnɔr wundäbun
Worrorran Unggumi Capell (1940) -bama jumbul jininde mindjäl wanbulema duduŋga janaurge guliːnga
Worrorran Worora Capell (1940) (ar)bri ombula (ad)biŋu (ar)djamundu anbula (ar)gulum inari gulu
Worrorran Baːgu Capell (1940) baːndi wumbul windji mɔga mɔga mala bunar guli
Nyulnyulan *Nyulnyulan Stokes & McGregor (2003) *-alma *-miny *-mal(ul) *-lirr *-yangala *-ngu *kaanyji *kunbulu, *kururr

Others[edit]

Family Language Source water sun moon fire smoke man woman
Pama-Nyungan *Pama-Nyungan Alpher (2004) *nguku ~ *nguki *kakara *kapi-; *yipi
Tangkic Laːdil Capell (1942) ŋoga warga giɖigiɽ njuda ḏuŋal jugadbaɖa binŋin
Tangkic Neːmarang Capell (1942) ŋogo wargu waldar ŋida wadu bidinaŋga magudaŋga
Tangkic? Minkin Evans (1990) wat̪a tʸiRiŋaŋa palaŋatʸi wiLa Tumpuɳa; kuya-kuya ŋaRka (ŋařka) maku
Garrwan Garama Capell (1940) goɽa ŋuŋa mɛrg ḏuŋgu wanag gadu balŋun
Garrwan Waneiga Capell (1940) gabi wanda girindji waɽu gundjuru jäba ludju
Macro-Gunwinyguan, Mangarrayi-Maran Mungarai Capell (1940) ŋogo ganjwar giidj damaia gunburau malaṉ gaɖugu
Macro-Gunwinyguan, Mangarrayi-Maran Alawa Capell (1942) ŋọgọ marawaɭbaɭ aɖaŋari wubu guŋuŋu lilmi girija
Macro-Gunwinyguan, Gunwinyguan *Gunwinyguan Harvey (2003) *kolk-; *wak *mutta *kurrnga *wurrk 'bushfire' *wal *rangem *thingq
Macro-Gunwinyguan, Maningrida Gungorogone Capell (1942) gunmɛnaŋ djinmurga ŋɔlgɔwar gunŋudja ginɛlɛ wari gami
Macro-Gunwinyguan, Maningrida Gudjälavia Capell (1942) djidjurog maɳŋa ŋandjireɖa bɔːl djolŋo angigälije gamu
Macro-Gunwinyguan, Maningrida Nagara Capell (1942) goga nabɛn wunuŋurabildbilaga nadjɔːga nawuːra wunigalaia nawaɽa
Macro-Gunwinyguan, Maningrida Gunavidji Capell (1940) gaːba warwara digilgara juwija gɔlɔŋandjara jiːdja ŋaɽaːm
Macro-Gunwinyguan, Maningrida Bunaːra Capell (1940) ŋaba djiːla jälŋan waɭu ŋandjur biːn, ŋanbe djulumu
Macro-Gunwinyguan, Gaagudju Gagadu Capell (1942) gaṙu gobolbara maɖba gudjäli uŋari djereiŋi djireːwan
Marrku-Wurrugu Mara Capell (1942) ŋọgọ gunaru waɖaŋari waɖgar guŋoŋo gärijimar girija
Marrku-Wurrugu Margu Capell (1942) wobaidj muɽi rana djuːɳa ŋoɭan geiag njunɔn
Giimbiyu Mangeri Capell (1942) ogog muɣaːliŋ järagäl wiɽumgarm wuŋɛŋg wurilg ŋeːn
Giimbiyu Uningangk Capell (1942) ogog indjuwawi järagäl widjälim wuŋɛŋg wurig ŋeːn
Iwaidjan Amarag Capell (1942) aɖawud mänjidj gurana gudjäli guŋaṉ awuɭaɭu wuraidbaru
Iwaidjan Maung Capell (1940) wobaidj mowan gorana juŋgu wuŋain arargbi waramuŋbig
Iwaidjan Iwaidja Capell (1940) wobaidj muwar guɽana gudjäli guŋain waːrgbi woraidjba
Darwin Region Umbugarla Davies (1989) garda gimbara giling ngarra bulu; gura rangang guridyarrung
Darwin Region Limilngan Harvey (2001) ngugun imirri darnmayngi uwagi umal murlugan uginy
Darwin Region Laragia Capell (1940) gaːɽuwa dalira duːrjawa gujuguwa damudjila bilöva binjidba
Tiwi Ngalagan Capell (1942) gu'wɛ ŋuwadji gurŋa guŋwɛ guguwalbɛŋɛ bigur bolo‘bolo
Tiwi Anjula Capell (1942) wajuru ragamba ŋagala bújuga wulŋara mininŋia ananawaija
Tiwi Melville Capell (1940) guguni bugwi, imuŋa dabara jugɔni gumuribini wawärini imbalinja
Yangmanic Wadaman Capell (1940) wian ŋurun gandawag wudja lujuŋgin jibiwan baŋbun
Daly, Eastern Kamor Tryon (1968) wuk mœRœR nœdœn yim wæn čiǰe pamgun
Daly, Eastern Matngala Tryon (1968) wuk mœrœr nudun yim wuŋgɔR čije kuwarak
Daly, Southern Nanggumiri Capell (1940) guɽu miːri diwin jäŋgi jäŋgi dawan meːbur walmi
Daly, Northern Mulluk Mulluk Capell (1940) waːg miɽi jɛl djiäŋ wɛn jinja aluwaɽa
Daly, Wadjiginy Woːgaidj Capell (1940) wiːg qeig qaɽa vin wingar ŋanan ŋoalaŋ
Daly, Western Marithiel Capell (1940) wodi bandi biŋgal djändji djämu mäɽi mogo
Mirndi Ngaliwuru Capell (1940) gogo waŋgu baɽaŋan gujug djuːlaṉ djumbul ŋaruŋ
Mirndi Nungali Capell (1940) gogo njailän dabaraŋaɽa nujug niulaṉ diːimbul njäŋaːruŋ
Jarrakan Gidja Capell (1940) guːɭiṉ baːndil gaɳgiṉ maɳiṉ wangiṉ djiːlin ŋaːlil
Jarrakan Miriwun Capell (1940) gäluŋ gaŋiriṉ gangiŋ gadjaːwilaŋ ḏuŋgi djawalaŋ gawilaŋ
Bunaban Bunaba Capell (1940) gaɽwa gawara gilimana windäli bindja gujɽäma wiːji
Bunaban Gunian Capell (1940) gaːmba miri djaːlin weandi wangi juwulu maŋo
Worrorran Woljamidi Capell (1940) jaːwal maːri gaːgiri wurgala ŋundjur aɽi wulun
Worrorran Unggumi Capell (1940) jaŋga wandinja ginjila wianga bindjäŋga aɖi wɔŋaiinja
Worrorran Worora Capell (1940) agu maraŋanja gunjila wianu bidjugu idja wɔŋaiinja
Worrorran Baːgu Capell (1940) ŋawa mɔɽɔŋ wamara buː ŋundjur bɛndjin ŋaːli
Nyulnyulan *Nyulnyulan Stokes & McGregor (2003) *wula *walka *jungku *wamba

Footnotes[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.000 1.001 1.002 1.003 1.004 1.005 1.006 1.007 1.008 1.009 1.010 1.011 1.012 1.013 1.014 1.015 1.016 1.017 1.018 1.019 1.020 1.021 1.022 1.023 1.024 1.025 1.026 1.027 1.028 1.029 1.030 1.031 1.032 1.033 1.034 1.035 1.036 1.037 1.038 1.039 1.040 1.041 1.042 1.043 1.044 1.045 1.046 1.047 1.048 1.049 1.050 1.051 1.052 1.053 1.054 1.055 1.056 1.057 1.058 1.059 1.060 1.061 1.062 1.063 1.064 1.065 1.066 1.067 1.068 1.069 1.070 1.071 1.072 1.073 1.074 1.075 1.076 1.077 1.078 1.079 1.080 1.081 1.082 1.083 1.084 1.085 1.086 1.087 1.088 1.089 1.090 1.091 1.092 1.093 1.094 1.095 1.096 1.097 1.098 1.099 1.100 1.101 1.102 1.103 1.104 1.105 1.106 1.107 1.108 1.109 1.110 1.111 1.112 1.113 1.114 1.115 1.116 1.117 1.118 1.119 1.120 1.121 1.122 1.123 1.124 1.125 1.126 1.127 1.128 1.129 1.130 1.131 1.132 1.133 1.134 1.135 1.136 1.137 1.138 1.139 1.140 1.141 1.142 1.143 1.144 1.145 1.146 1.147 1.148 1.149 1.150 1.151 1.152 1.153 1.154 1.155 1.156 1.157 1.158 1.159 1.160 Capell, Arthur. 1940. The Classification of Languages in North and North-West Australia. Oceania 10(3): 241-272, 404-433.
  2. ↑ 2.000 2.001 2.002 2.003 2.004 2.005 2.006 2.007 2.008 2.009 2.010 2.011 2.012 2.013 2.014 2.015 2.016 2.017 2.018 2.019 2.020 2.021 2.022 2.023 2.024 2.025 2.026 2.027 2.028 2.029 2.030 2.031 2.032 2.033 2.034 2.035 2.036 2.037 2.038 2.039 2.040 2.041 2.042 2.043 2.044 2.045 2.046 2.047 2.048 2.049 2.050 2.051 2.052 2.053 2.054 2.055 2.056 2.057 2.058 2.059 2.060 2.061 2.062 2.063 2.064 2.065 2.066 2.067 2.068 2.069 2.070 2.071 2.072 2.073 2.074 2.075 2.076 2.077 2.078 2.079 2.080 2.081 2.082 2.083 2.084 2.085 2.086 2.087 2.088 2.089 2.090 2.091 2.092 2.093 2.094 2.095 2.096 2.097 2.098 2.099 2.100 2.101 2.102 2.103 2.104 2.105 2.106 2.107 2.108 2.109 2.110 2.111 2.112 2.113 2.114 2.115 2.116 2.117 2.118 2.119 2.120 2.121 Capell, Arthur. 1941-1942, 1942-1943. Languages of Arnhem Land, North Australia. Oceania 12: 364-392, 13: 24-51.
  3. ^ Alpher, Barry. 2004. Pama-Nyungan: Phonological Reconstruction and Status as a Phylo-Genetic Group. In Claire Bowern and Harold Koch (eds.), Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method, 93-126, 387-574. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  4. ^ Evans, Nicholas (1990). "The Minkin language of the Burketown region". In Geoffrey N. O'Grady & Darrell T. Tryon (ed.). Studies in Comparative Pama-Nyungan. Volume 111 of Pacific Linguistics. Australian National University. pp. 173–207. →ISBN.
  5. ^ Harvey, Mark. 2003. An initial reconstruction of Proto Gunwinyguan phonology. In Evans, Nicholas (ed.), The non-Pama-Nyungan languages of northern Australia: comparative studies of the continent's most linguistically complex region, 205-268. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
  6. ^ Davies, Jennifer. 1989. Umbugarla: a sketch grammar. B.A. Honours Thesis. University of Melbourne.
  7. ^ Harvey, Mark (2001) A grammar of Limilngan: A language of the Mary River Region, Northern Territory, Australia (Pacific Linguistics 516)‎[1], Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, →DOI
  8. ^ Tryon, Darrell T. 1968. "The Daly River Languages: A Survey". In Aguas, E.F. and Tryon, D. editors, Papers in Australian Linguistics No. 3. A-14:21-49. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University.
  9. ^ Stokes, Bronwyn and William McGregor. 2003. Classification and Subclassification of the Nyulnyulan Languages. In Nicholas Evans (ed.), The non-Pama-Nyungan languages of northern Australia: comparative studies of the continent's most linguistically complex region, 29-74. Canberra: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University.

References[edit]

See also[edit]

Vocabulary lists of Indo-Pacific languages
Papuan

p-Trans-New Guinea • p-Northern Adelbert • p-Sogeram • Bayono-Awbono • Paniai Lakes • Kolopom • Bulaka River • Pauwasi • p-South Bougainville • p-Lower Sepik • p-Watam-Awar-Gamay • p-Lakes Plain • p-North Halmahera • p-Timor-Alor-Pantar • p-Alor-Pantar • Tayap • Massep

Australian

North Australian (basic) • p-Nyulnyulan • p-Mirndi • p-Gunwinyguan • Limilngan • Umbugarla • Minkin • Tiwi • Malak-Malak • Pama-Nyungan • p-Pama-Nyungan • p-Arandic • p-Thura-Yura • p-Ngayarda

Others

p-Dravidian • Dravidian • Kusunda • Nihali • Kenaboi • p-Ongan

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