Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/pitu

This Proto-Austronesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Austronesian

Proto-Austronesian cardinal numbers

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Cardinal : *pitu

Etymology

Any etymology beyond this reconstructed form is controversial. Sagart (2004) considers it to have arisen after Proto-Austronesian proper, rather than from a compound from *ɣatep (“five”) +‎ *duSa (“two”), and relates it to Kulon-Pazeh xasebidusa (literally “five and two”), but Winter (2010) rejects this on phonological and historical grounds.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pitu/

Numeral

*pitu

1. seven

Descendants

• East Formosan:
  • Kavalan: upitu
• Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *pitu
  • Javanese: pitu
  • Malagasy: fito
  • Malayic: *pitu
    • Banjarese: pitu
    • Indonesian: pitu
    • Malay: pitu / ڤيتو
  • Oceanic:
    • Fijian: vitu
    • Rotuman: hifu
    • Polynesian: *fitu
      • Hawaiian: hiku
      • Maori: whitu
      • Rapa Nui: hitu
      • Samoan: fitu
      • South Marquesan: fitu
      • Tongan: fitu
  • Philippine:
    • Central Philippine:
      • Aklanon: pitó
      • Bikol Central: pitó
      • Cebuano: pito
      • Hiligaynon: pito
      • Tagalog: pito
      • Waray: pitó
    • Northern Luzon:
      • Ilocano: pito
  • Tetum: hitu
  • West Coast Bajau: pitu'

References

• Sagart, Laurent. 2004. "The higher phylogeny of Austronesian and the position of Tai-Kadai." Oceanic Linguistics 43, 2:411–444.
• Winter, Bodo. 2010. "A note on the higher phylogeny of Austronesian." Oceanic Linguistics 49, 1:282–287.