Aprilis

See also: április and aprīlis

Latin

Alternative forms

• aprīlis (alternative case form)

Etymology

Perhaps based on Etruscan 𐌖𐌓𐌐𐌀 (apru), from Ancient Greek Ἀφροδίτη (Aphrodítē, “Venus”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /aˈpriː.lis/, [äˈpriːlʲɪs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /aˈpri.lis/, [äˈpriːlis]

Adjective

Aprīlis (neuter Aprīle); third-declension two-termination adjective

1. Of April.

Usage notes

In Classical Latin, month names were regularly used as adjectives, generally modifying a case-form of mēnsis m sg (“month”) or of one of the nouns used in the Roman calendar to refer to specific days of the month from which other days were counted: Calendae f pl (“calends”), Nōnae f pl (“nones”), Īdūs f pl (“ides”). However, the masculine noun mēnsis could be omitted by ellipsis, so the masculine singular forms of month names eventually came to be used as proper nouns.

Declension

Third-declension two-termination adjective.

Number	Singular			Plural
Case / Gender	Masc./Fem.	Neuter		Masc./Fem.	Neuter
Nominative	Aprīlis	Aprīle		Aprīlēs	Aprīlia
Genitive	Aprīlis			Aprīlium
Dative	Aprīlī			Aprīlibus
Accusative	Aprīlem	Aprīle		Aprīlēs Aprīlīs	Aprīlia
Ablative	Aprīlī			Aprīlibus
Vocative	Aprīlis	Aprīle		Aprīlēs	Aprīlia

Noun

Aprīlis m sg (genitive Aprīlis); third declension

1. April

Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem, ablative singular in -ī), singular only.

Case	Singular
Nominative	Aprīlis
Genitive	Aprīlis
Dative	Aprīlī
Accusative	Aprīlem
Ablative	Aprīlī
Vocative	Aprīlis

Descendants

• Balkan Romance
  • Aromanian: aprir
  • Romanian: prier
• Dalmatian:
  • aprail
• Italo-Dalmatian
  • Corsican: aprile
  • Italian: aprile
    • → Cimbrian: aprile
  • Neapolitan: abbrile
  • Sicilian: aprili
• Padanian:
  • Friulian: Avrîl
  • Ladin: oril
  • Piedmontese: avril, avrì, auril
  • Romagnol: abrìl
  • Romansch: avregl, avrigl, avrel
  • Venetian: avril
• Northern Gallo-Romance:
  • Franco-Provençal: avril, avrel, avréoul, avrics, avrin
  • Old French: avril
    • French: avril
      • Haitian Creole: avril
      • Mauritian Creole: avril
      • → Iranian Persian: آوریل (âvril)
      • → South Azerbaijani: آوریل (avril)
      • → Tunisian Arabic: أفريل (avrīl)
    • Norman: Avri
    • Walloon: avri
    • → Middle English: Averil
      • ⇒ Middle English: Aprill, Aprille, April, Apprille, Aperil, Aprel (relatinized)
        • English: April (see there for further descendants)
        • Scots: Apryle
• Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • Aragonese: abril
  • Catalan: abril
  • Occitan: abriu (All dialects except most Lengadocian)

    Auvergnat: abrieu, abriau

    Gascon: abrieu

    Languedocien: abril, abrièl, abrial, abriòl

    Limousin: abrie, abria, abriau

    Vivaro-Alpine: abrieu

• Ibero-Romance:
  • Old Leonese:
    • Asturian: abril
    • Mirandese: abril
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: abril
    • Fala: abril
    • Galician: abril
    • Portuguese: abril (see there for further descendants)
  • Old Spanish:
    • Ladino: avril
    • Spanish: abril (see there for further descendants)
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: abriri, albile, aprile, arbile

Borrowings

• → Albanian: prill
• → Basque: apiril
• → Proto-Brythonic:
  • Breton: Ebrel
  • Cornish: Ebrel, Ebryl
  • Welsh: Ebrill
• → Byzantine Greek: Απρίλιος (Aprílios)
  • Greek: Απρίλιος (Aprílios), Απρίλης m (Aprílis)
  • → Old Church Slavonic: априль (aprilĭ)
  • → Old East Slavic: априль (aprilĭ), апрѣль (aprělĭ)
    • Russian: апрель (aprelʹ) (see there for further descendants)
  • → Romanian: aprilie (via some Slavic language)
• → Middle Dutch: april
  • Dutch: april
    • Afrikaans: April
    • Negerhollands: apriel
    • → Caribbean Hindustani: april
    • → Papiamentu: aprel
    • → Sranan Tongo: aprel
    • → Trió: eiperëu
  • Limburgish: eprèl, april
• → Old High German: abrello
  • Middle High German: aberelle
    • Bavarian:

      Cimbrian: abrèl, avrell (Sette Comuni), avrelle

      Mòcheno: oberel

    • German: April
      • → Estonian: aprill
      • → Kashubian: aprël (dated)
      • → Slovincian: april
• → Old Irish: Apréil
  • Irish: Aibreán

See also

• Roman calendar on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Further reading

• “Aprilis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “Aprilis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Aprilis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.