Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/bināti
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Indo-European *bʰi-né-h₂-ti, nasal-infix present of *bʰeyh₂- (“to strike, hew”).
Verb[edit]
*bināti[1]
Inflection[edit]
| Athematic h₂-root nasal-infix present, suffixless preterite | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *bināmi | *binamam | *bibīsū | *biba |
| 2nd singular | *bināsi | *binatās | *bibīsesi | *bibas? |
| 3rd singular | *bināti | *binato | *bibīseti | *bibe |
| 1st plural | *binamosi | *binamo | *bibīsomosi | *bibmo |
| 2nd plural | *binatesi | *binastē | *bibīsetesi | *bixte |
| 3rd plural | *binanti | *binanto | *bibīsonti | *bibar |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *beyasū | ? | — | |
| 2nd singular | *beyasesi | ? | *binā | |
| 3rd singular | *beyaseti | ? | *binātou | |
| 1st plural | *beyasomosi | ? | *binamos | |
| 2nd plural | *beyasetesi | ? | *binate | |
| 3rd plural | *beyasonti | ? | *binantou | |
| Passive voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *binār | — | *bibīsūr | — |
| 2nd singular | *binātar | — | *bibīsetar | — |
| 3rd singular | *binātor | ? | *bibīsetor | — |
| 1st plural | *binammor | — | *bibīsommor | — |
| 2nd plural | *binadwe | — | *bibīsedwe | — |
| 3rd plural | *binantor | ? | *bibīsontor | — |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *beyasūr | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | *beyasetar | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | *beyasetor | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *beyasommor | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | *beyasedwe | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | *beyasontor | — | — | |
| Declension of the past participle | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *bītos | *bītou | *bītoi |
| vocative | *bīte | *bītou | *bītoi |
| accusative | *bītom | *bītou | *bītoms |
| genitive | *bītī | *bītous | *bītom |
| dative | *bītūi | *bītobom | *bītobos |
| instrumental | *bītū | *bītobim | *bītobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *bītā | *bītai | *bītās |
| vocative | *bītā | *bītai | *bītās |
| accusative | *bītam | *bītai | *bītams |
| genitive | *bītās | *bītous | *bītom |
| dative | *bītai | *bītābom | *bītābos |
| instrumental | *? | *bītābim | *bītābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *bītom | *bītou | *bītā |
| vocative | *bītom | *bītou | *bītā |
| accusative | *bītom | *bītou | *bītā |
| genitive | *bītī | *bītous | *bītom |
| dative | *bītūi | *bītobom | *bītobos |
| instrumental | *bītū | *bītobim | *bītobis |
Descendants[edit]
- Proto-Brythonic: *bɨnad
- Old Irish: benaid
- Irish: bain
- Gaulish: biietutu (impv.)
- Celtiberian: ne-bintor (3p.impv.med.)