Proto-Celtic
Etymology
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From Proto-Indo-European *bʰi-né-h₂-ti, nasal-infix present of *bʰeyh₂- (“to strike, hew”).
Verb
*bināti[1]
- to strike, hit, beat
Inflection
| Athematic present, suffixless preterite
|
| Active voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*binami
|
*binamam
|
?
|
?
|
| 2nd singular
|
*binasi
|
*binatās
|
?
|
?
|
| 3rd singular
|
*binati
|
*binato
|
?
|
?
|
| 1st plural
|
*binamosi
|
*binamo
|
?
|
?
|
| 2nd plural
|
*binatesi
|
*binastē
|
?
|
?
|
| 3rd plural
|
*binanti
|
*binanto
|
?
|
?
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
?
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
?
|
?
|
*bina
|
| 3rd singular
|
?
|
?
|
*binatou
|
| 1st plural
|
?
|
?
|
*binamos
|
| 2nd plural
|
?
|
?
|
*binate
|
| 3rd plural
|
?
|
?
|
*binantou
|
| Passive voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*binar
|
—
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*binatar
|
—
|
?
|
—
|
| 3rd singular
|
*binator
|
?
|
?
|
—
|
| 1st plural
|
*binammor
|
—
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd plural
|
*binadwe
|
—
|
?
|
—
|
| 3rd plural
|
*binantor
|
?
|
?
|
—
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd singular
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 1st plural
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd plural
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd plural
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| Declension of the past participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*bītos
|
*bītou
|
*bītoi
|
| vocative
|
*bīte
|
*bītou
|
*bītoi
|
| accusative
|
*bītom
|
*bītou
|
*bītoms
|
| genitive
|
*bītī
|
*bītous
|
*bītom
|
| dative
|
*bītūi
|
*bītobom
|
*bītobos
|
| instrumental
|
*bītū
|
*bītobim
|
*bītobis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*bītā
|
*bītai
|
*bītās
|
| vocative
|
*bītā
|
*bītai
|
*bītās
|
| accusative
|
*bītam
|
*bītai
|
*bītams
|
| genitive
|
*bītās
|
*bītous
|
*bītom
|
| dative
|
*bītai
|
*bītābom
|
*bītābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*bītābim
|
*bītābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*bītom
|
*bītou
|
*bītā
|
| vocative
|
*bītom
|
*bītou
|
*bītā
|
| accusative
|
*bītom
|
*bītou
|
*bītā
|
| genitive
|
*bītī
|
*bītous
|
*bītom
|
| dative
|
*bītūi
|
*bītobom
|
*bītobos
|
| instrumental
|
*bītū
|
*bītobim
|
*bītobis
|
Descendants
References
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*bi(j)ēn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 64: “*bʰiH-neh₂-”
