Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þimstr
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
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From Pre-Germanic *temHesros (“dark”), with epenthetic -t-, from Proto-Indo-European *temHes-, s-stem formed to the root *temH-. Cognate with Sanskrit तमिस्र (tamisra, “dark”), Lithuanian tamsa (“darkness”), Latin tenebrae (“darkness”). Also compare Proto-Germanic *þiustrijaz (“dark; gloomy; obscure”), which Gąsiorowski considers to be etymologically identical.[1]
Pronunciation
Adjective
*þimstr
Inflection
Declension of *þimistraz (a-stem)
Strong declension | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | *þimistraz | *þimistrai | *þimistrō | *þimistrôz | *þimistrą, -atō | *þimistrō |
Accusative | *þimistranǭ | *þimistranz | *þimistrǭ | *þimistrōz | *þimistrą, -atō | *þimistrō |
Genitive | *þimistras, -is | *þimistraizǫ̂ | *þimistraizōz | *þimistraizǫ̂ | *þimistras, -is | *þimistraizǫ̂ |
Dative | *þimistrammai | *þimistraimaz | *þimistraizōi | *þimistraimaz | *þimistrammai | *þimistraimaz |
Instrumental | *þimistranō | *þimistraimiz | *þimistraizō | *þimistraimiz | *þimistranō | *þimistraimiz |
Weak declension | ||||||
Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | *þimistrô | *þimistraniz | *þimistrǭ | *þimistrōniz | *þimistrô | *þimistrōnō |
Accusative | *þimistranų | *þimistranunz | *þimistrōnų | *þimistrōnunz | *þimistrô | *þimistrōnō |
Genitive | *þimistriniz | *þimistranǫ̂ | *þimistrōniz | *þimistrōnǫ̂ | *þimistriniz | *þimistranǫ̂ |
Dative | *þimistrini | *þimistrammaz | *þimistrōni | *þimistrōmaz | *þimistrini | *þimistrammaz |
Instrumental | *þimistrinē | *þimistrammiz | *þimistrōnē | *þimistrōmiz | *þimistrinē | *þimistrammiz |
Related terms
Descendants
Several descendants are from a variant *finistraz, in which the dental and labial articulations switched their positions.
- Old Saxon: finistar
- Old Dutch: *thimister, thimster, finistre
- Old High German: finistir, finstar, thinstar, dinstar (< *thimstar)
Further reading
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN