Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hraukaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Unknown; but apparently cognate with Lithuanian kruvà, krûvà (“pile, heap, stack”), Old Irish crúach (“stack of corn, rick”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxrɑu̯.kɑz/

Noun

*hraukaz m

1. pile (of stones); heap
2. haystack

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *hraukaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*hraukaz	*hraukōz, *hraukōs
vocative	*hrauk	*hraukōz, *hraukōs
accusative	*hrauką	*hraukanz
genitive	*hraukas, *hraukis	*hraukǫ̂
dative	*hraukai	*hraukamaz
instrumental	*hraukō	*hraukamiz

Derived terms

• *hraukilaz

Related terms

• *hrukō

Descendants

• Old English: hrēac
  • Middle English: reek
    • Scots: rek, reke
    • English: reek
• Old Dutch: *hrouk, *hrōk
  • Middle Dutch: rooc
    • Dutch: rook
• Old Norse: hraukr
  • Icelandic: hraukur
  • Faroese: reykur
  • Norwegian: rauk
  • Old Swedish: røker, rø̄ker
    • Swedish: rök
  • Danish: røg
  • Gutnish: rauk
    • → Swedish: rauk
  • → Middle English: *rowk, roke, rooke
    • Scots: rowke, rouk, rook
• ? Finnic:
  • → Estonian: rõuk
  • → Finnish: röykkiö, roukkio
  • → Ingrian: roukko
  • → Veps: rouk