Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kwerraną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Kroonen reconstructs Proto-Indo-European thematic present *gʷérh₃-e-ti ~ *gʷr̥h₃-énti, from *gʷerh₃- (“to devour”) +‎ *-eti, yet doesn't explain the geminated *-rr-. Possibly instead a secondary strong verb to lost iterative *kurrōną, from earlier paradigm *kurrōþi ~ *kurunanþi, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥h₃-néh₂-ti ~ *gʷr̥h₃-n̥h₂-énti, from *gʷerh₃- (“to devour”) +‎ *-néh₂ti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkʷer.rɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*kwerraną

1. to devour, glut

Inflection

Conjugation of *kwerraną (strong class 3)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*kwerrō	*kwerraų	—	*kwerrai	?
2nd singular	*kwirrizi	*kwerraiz	*kwerr	*kwerrazai	*kwerraizau
3rd singular	*kwirridi	*kwerrai	*kwerradau	*kwerradai	*kwerraidau
1st dual	*kwerrōz	*kwerraiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*kwerradiz	*kwerraidiz	*kwerradiz	—	—
1st plural	*kwerramaz	*kwerraim	—	*kwerrandai	*kwerraindau
2nd plural	*kwirrid	*kwerraid	*kwirrid	*kwerrandai	*kwerraindau
3rd plural	*kwerrandi	*kwerrain	*kwerrandau	*kwerrandai	*kwerraindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*kwar(r)	*kurrį̄
2nd singular	*kwar(r)t	*kurrīz
3rd singular	*kwar(r)	*kurrī
1st dual	*kurrū	*kurrīw
2nd dual	*kurrudiz	*kurrīdiz
1st plural	*kurrum	*kurrīm
2nd plural	*kurrud	*kurrīd
3rd plural	*kurrun	*kurrīn
	present	past
participles	*kwerrandz	*kurranaz

Reconstruction notes

Attested only in the past participle in Old English, but the verb itself must have lasted long enough for kw- to be restored in forms with zero-grade.

Derived terms

• *kwerkō
• *kwirkijaną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *kwerran
  • Old English: *cweorran
    • ⇒ Old English: ācweorran