Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷey-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*gʷey- (perfective)

1. to win, to conquer
2. force

Derived terms

• *gʷéyt ~ *gʷyént (perfective)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian:
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan:
      • Sanskrit: जेष् (jéṣ), जितम् (jitám, 2d.ipv.)
• *gʷéy-eti ~ *gʷéy-onti (thematic present)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ǰáyati
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́áyati
      • Sanskrit: जयति (jáyati), जयते (jáyate)
    • Proto-Iranian: *ǰayati
      • Younger Avestan: 𐬘𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬌 (jaiiāi, pres.med.subj.1.sg.)
• *gʷe-gʷóy-e ~ *gʷe-gʷy-ḗr (stative)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ǰigā́ya
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́igā́ya
      • Sanskrit: जिगाय (jigā́ya)
• *gʷéy-onts (present participle)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ǰáyants
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́áyants
      • Sanskrit: जयत् (jáyat)
    • Proto-Iranian: *ǰáyanth
      • Avestan: 𐬘𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬧𐬙 (jaiiaṇt-)
• *gʷi-tós (perfect passive participle)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ǰitás
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́itás
      • Sanskrit: जित (jitá)
• *gʷey-ós
  • Proto-Hellenic: *gʷiā
    • Ancient Greek: βῐ́ᾱ (bíā)

      Ionic Greek: βῐ́η (bíē)

  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ǰáyas
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́áyas