जयति

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

jayati (Latin script)
𑀚𑀬𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
জযতি (Bengali script)
ජයති (Sinhalese script)
ဇယတိ or ၹယတိ (Burmese script)
ชยติ or ชะยะติ (Thai script)
ᨩᨿᨲᩥ (Tai Tham script)
ຊຍຕິ or ຊະຍະຕິ or ຊະຢະຕິ (Lao script)
ជយតិ (Khmer script)
𑄎𑄠𑄖𑄨 (Chakma script)

Alternative scripts

jeti (Latin script)
𑀚𑁂𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
जेति (Devanagari script)
জেতি (Bengali script)
ජෙති (Sinhalese script)
ဇေတိ or ၹေတိ (Burmese script)
เชติ (Thai script)
ᨩᩮᨲᩥ (Tai Tham script)
ເຊຕິ (Lao script)
ជេតិ (Khmer script)
𑄎𑄬𑄖𑄨 (Chakma script)

Alternative scripts

jināti (Latin script)
𑀚𑀺𑀦𑀸𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
जिनाति (Devanagari script)
জিনাতি (Bengali script)
ජිනාති (Sinhalese script)
ဇိနာတိ or ၹိၼႃတိ (Burmese script)
ชินาติ (Thai script)
ᨩᩥᨶᩣᨲᩥ (Tai Tham script)
ຊິນາຕິ (Lao script)
ជិនាតិ (Khmer script)
𑄎𑄨𑄚𑄂𑄖𑄨 (Chakma script)

Verb

जयति (root ji, first conjugation)

Devanagari script form of jayati, alternative form of जेति (jeti, “to win”)

Adjective

जयति (jayati)

Devanagari script form of jayati, which is masculine and neuter locative singular of जयन्त् (jayant), present participle of the verb above

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

জয়তি (Assamese script)
ᬚᬬᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
জয়তি (Bengali script)
𑰕𑰧𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀚𑀬𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
ဇယတိ (Burmese script)
જયતિ (Gujarati script)
ਜਯਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌜𑌯𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
ꦗꦪꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
𑂔𑂨𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
ಜಯತಿ (Kannada script)
ជយតិ (Khmer script)
ຊຍຕິ (Lao script)
ജയതി (Malayalam script)
ᡯᠠᠶᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
𑘕𑘧𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
ᠽᠠᠶ᠋ᠠᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
𑦵𑧇𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
𑐖𑐫𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
ଜଯତି (Odia script)
ꢙꢫꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
𑆘𑆪𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
𑖕𑖧𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
ජයති (Sinhalese script)
𑩣𑩻𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
𑚑𑚣𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
ஜயதி (Tamil script)
జయతి (Telugu script)
ชยติ (Thai script)
ཛ་ཡ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
𑒖𑒨𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
𑨥𑨪𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *ȷ́áyati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰáyati, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷéy-e-ti, from *gʷey- (“to win, conquer”). Cognate with Ancient Greek βῐ́ᾱ (bĭ́ā, “force”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /d͡ʑɐ́.jɐ.ti/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /d͡ʑɐ.jɐ.t̪i/

Verb

जय॑ति • (jáyati) third-singular indicative (class 1, type P, present, root जि)

to conquer, defeat, vanquish, win
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 4.50.9:
  अप्र॑तीतो जयति॒ सं धना॑नि॒ प्रति॑जन्यान्यु॒त या सज॑न्या।
  अ॒व॒स्यवे॒ यो वरि॑वः कृ॒णोति॑ ब्र॒ह्मणे॒ राजा॒ तम॑वन्ति दे॒वाः॥
  ápratīto jayati sáṃ dhánāni prátijanyānyutá yā́ sájanyā.
  avasyáve yó várivaḥ kṛṇóti brahmáṇe rā́jā támavanti devā́ḥ.
  He, unopposed, is master of the riches of his own subjects and of hostile people.
  The Gods uphold that King with their protection who helps the Brahman when he seeks his favour.
to acquire, gain
to overcome
to expel from
"long live"

Conjugation

Present: जय॑ति (jáyati), जय॑ते (jáyate)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	जय॑ति jáyati	जय॑तः jáyataḥ	जय॑न्ति jáyanti	जय॑ते jáyate	जये॑ते jáyete	जय॑न्ते jáyante
Second	जय॑सि jáyasi	जय॑थः jáyathaḥ	जय॑थ jáyatha	जय॑से jáyase	जये॑थे jáyethe	जय॑ध्वे jáyadhve
First	जया॑मि jáyāmi	जया॑वः jáyāvaḥ	जया॑मः / जया॑मसि¹ jáyāmaḥ / jáyāmasi¹	जये॑ jáye	जया॑वहे jáyāvahe	जया॑महे jáyāmahe
Imperative
Third	जय॑तु jáyatu	जय॑ताम् jáyatām	जय॑न्तु jáyantu	जय॑ताम् jáyatām	जये॑ताम् jáyetām	जय॑न्ताम् jáyantām
Second	जय॑ jáya	जय॑तम् jáyatam	जय॑त jáyata	जय॑स्व jáyasva	जये॑थाम् jáyethām	जय॑ध्वम् jáyadhvam
First	जया॑नि jáyāni	जया॑व jáyāva	जया॑म jáyāma	जयै॑ jáyai	जया॑वहै jáyāvahai	जया॑महै jáyāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	जये॑त् jáyet	जये॑ताम् jáyetām	जये॑युः jáyeyuḥ	जये॑त jáyeta	जये॑याताम् jáyeyātām	जये॑रन् jáyeran
Second	जयेः॑ jáyeḥ	जये॑तम् jáyetam	जये॑त jáyeta	जये॑थाः jáyethāḥ	जये॑याथाम् jáyeyāthām	जये॑ध्वम् jáyedhvam
First	जये॑यम् jáyeyam	जये॑व jáyeva	जये॑म jáyema	जये॑य jáyeya	जये॑वहि jáyevahi	जये॑महि jáyemahi
Subjunctive
Third	जया॑त् / जया॑ति jáyāt / jáyāti	जया॑तः jáyātaḥ	जया॑न् jáyān	जया॑ते / जया॑तै jáyāte / jáyātai	जयै॑ते jáyaite	जय॑न्त / जया॑न्तै jáyanta / jáyāntai
Second	जयाः॑ / जया॑सि jáyāḥ / jáyāsi	जया॑थः jáyāthaḥ	जया॑थ jáyātha	जया॑से / जया॑सै jáyāse / jáyāsai	जयै॑थे jáyaithe	जया॑ध्वै jáyādhvai
First	जया॑नि jáyāni	जया॑व jáyāva	जया॑म jáyāma	जयै॑ jáyai	जया॑वहै jáyāvahai	जया॑महै jáyāmahai
Participles
	जय॑त् jáyat			जय॑मान jáyamāna
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit. ¹Vedic

Imperfect: अज॑यत् (ájayat), अज॑यत (ájayata)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	अज॑यत् ájayat	अज॑यताम् ájayatām	अज॑यन् ájayan	अज॑यत ájayata	अज॑येताम् ájayetām	अज॑यन्त ájayanta
Second	अज॑यः ájayaḥ	अज॑यतम् ájayatam	अज॑यत ájayata	अज॑यथाः ájayathāḥ	अज॑येथाम् ájayethām	अज॑यध्वम् ájayadhvam
First	अज॑यम् ájayam	अज॑याव ájayāva	अज॑याम ájayāma	अज॑ये ájaye	अज॑यावहि ájayāvahi	अज॑यामहि ájayāmahi

Descendants

Pali: jeti
→ Tamil: ஜெயி (jeyi), ஜெய் (jey) — Spoken Tamil, செயி (ceyi) — standard

References

Monier Williams (1899), “जयति”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 420.