Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂éwh₂os

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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions

  • *h₂éwh₂s ~ *h₂uh₂ós[1]

Reconstruction

On the basis of the geminate "ḫ" in Hittite "ḫuḫḫa-", Kloekhorst concludes that it cannot reflect a diphthong, since it's contradicted by Eichner's lenition law. Therefore he argues that an athematic ablauting paradigm should be reconstructed instead.

Noun

*h₂éwh₂os m (non-ablauting)[2]

  1. maternal grandfather
  2. maternal uncle

Inflection

Thematic
singular
nominative *h₂éwh₂os
genitive *h₂éwh₂osyo
singular dual plural
nominative *h₂éwh₂os *h₂éwh₂oh₁ *h₂éwh₂oes
vocative *h₂éwh₂e *h₂éwh₂oh₁ *h₂éwh₂oes
accusative *h₂éwh₂om *h₂éwh₂oh₁ *h₂éwh₂oms
genitive *h₂éwh₂osyo *? *h₂éwh₂oHom
ablative *h₂éwh₂ead *? *h₂éwh₂omos
dative *h₂éwh₂oey *? *h₂éwh₂omos
locative *h₂éwh₂ey, *h₂éwh₂oy *? *h₂éwh₂oysu
instrumental *h₂éwh₂oh₁ *? *h₂éwh₂ōys

Descendants

  • Anatolian:
    • Hittite: 𒄷𒄴𒄩𒀸 (ḫu-uḫ-ḫa-as)
    • Lycian: 𐊜𐊒𐊄𐊀 (χuga)
  • Armenian:
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Lithuanian: avynas
    • Old Prussian: awis
    • Proto-Slavic: *ujь (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Celtic: *auyos
    • Primitive Irish: ᚐᚃᚔ (avi)
    • Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 287: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.[3]
  • Proto-Celtic: *awontīr
  • Proto-Celtic: *altrawū (“foster uncle”)
    • Proto-Brythonic:
      • Breton: aotrou, aotroù, lord
      • Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 287: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.
      • Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 287: You specified a term in 4= and not one in 3=. You probably meant to use t= to specify a gloss instead. If you intended to specify two terms, put the second term in 3=.
    • Middle Irish: altra (“foster father”)
  • ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *awô (“grandfather”) (see there for further descendants)
  • ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *awǭ (“grandmother”)
  • Proto-Italic: *awos (“grandfather”), *awā (“grandmother”)
    • Latin: avus (see there for further descendants)
  • Tocharian:

References

  1. ^ Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 411
  2. ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
  3. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 49-50
  4. ^ Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “āwe”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 61
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