Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ménos

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *men- (“think, mind”) +‎ *-os.

Noun

*ménos n (oblique stem *ménes-)

1. mind
2. thought

Inflection

Athematic, acrostatic
	singular
nominative	*ménos
genitive	*ménesos
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ménos	*ménesih₁	*ménōs
vocative	*ménos	*ménesih₁	*ménōs
accusative	*ménos	*ménesih₁	*ménōs
genitive	*ménesos	*?	*ménesoHom
ablative	*ménesos	*?	*ménesmos
dative	*ménesey	*?	*ménesmos
locative	*ménes, *ménesi	*?	*ménesu
instrumental	*ménesh₁	*?	*ménesmis

Derived terms

• *dus-men-ḗs (“hostile”) (with *dus- (“bad”))
• *h₁su-men-ḗs (“benevolent”) (with *h₁su- (“good”))
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hsumánas
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hsumánas
      • Sanskrit: सुमनस् (sumánas)
    • Proto-Iranian: *Hhumánah
      • Avestan: 𐬵𐬎𐬨𐬀𐬥𐬀𐬵 (humanah)
      • Old Persian: [script needed] (umanah)
        • Middle Persian: [script needed] (hūman, “good-minded person”)
          • Persian: هومن (human)
  • Proto-Hellenic: *ehumenḗs
    • Mycenaean Greek: 𐀁𐀄𐀕𐀚 (e-u-me-ne)
    • Ancient Greek: εὐμενής (eumenḗs)
• *menes-wéh₂
  • Proto-Italic: *menezwā
    • Faliscan: 𐌌𐌄𐌍𐌄𐌓𐌖𐌀 (menerua, nom.sg., gen.sg., dat.sg.), 𐌌𐌄𐌍𐌄𐌓𐌖𐌀𐌉 (meneruai, dat.sg.)
    • Latin: Minerva
    • Oscan: 𐌌𐌄𐌍𐌄𐌓𐌄(𐌅𐌀𐌔) (menere(vas), gen.sg.)
    • Paelignian: minerua (dat.sg.?), mineruai (dat.sg.)

Descendants

• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *mánas (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Hellenic: *ménos
  • Ancient Greek: μένος (ménos)