Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/men-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European[edit]

Root[edit]

*men-^[1]

to think, mind
spiritual activity

Derived terms[edit]

► Terms derived from the PIE root *men- (think)

*mn̥-yé-tor (deponent yé-present)
- Celtic: *manyetor (see there for further descendants)
- Hellenic: *məňňómai
  - Ancient Greek: μαίνομαι (maínomai)
- Indo-Iranian: *mányatay (see there for further descendants)
*me-món-e ~ *me-mn-ḗr (reduplicated stative)
*mon-éye-ti (éye-causative)
- Italic: *moneō (see there for further descendants)
*mn-eh₂-yé-tor
- Hellenic: [Term?]
  - Ancient Greek: μνάομαι (mnáomai)
*m?n-?-sḱé-tor (“sḱe-present”)
- Italic: [Term?]
  - Latin: (com)minīscor, (re)minīscor
*me-mn-eh₂-ye-sḱé-ti (“sḱe-present”)
- Ancient Greek: μιμνῄσκω (mimnḗiskō)
*mn̥-tó-
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: (αὐτό)ματος ((autó)matos)
- Italic: [Term?]
  - Latin: (com)mentus
*mén-ti-s ~ *mn̥-téy-s (“thought”)
*mén-mn̥ ~ *mn̥-mén-s (“understanding”)
- Celtic: *menman (see there for further descendants)
- Indo-Iranian: *mánman
  - Indo-Aryan: *mánman
    - Sanskrit: मन्मन् (mánman)
*mén-os (“mind”)
*mé-mn-ō
- (perhaps) Hellenic: [Term?]
  - Ancient Greek: (θρασυ)μέμνων ((thrasu)mémnōn)
*mé-mn-os
- Italic: *memnos
  - Latin: memor
*mn-eh₂-mō
- Hellenic: [Term?]
  - Ancient Greek: μνήμων (mnḗmōn)
*mén-tro-m
- Indo-Iranian: *mántram (see there for further descendants)
*mon-(e)stro-m
- Italic: [Term?]
  - Latin: mōnstrum
*mn̥(s)-dʰh₁-
- Hellenic: [Term?]
  - Ancient Greek: μανθάνω (manthánō)
- Indo-Iranian: *mazdʰáH (see there for further descendants)
- *mn̥(s)-dʰh₁-ro-
  - Germanic: *mundraz (see there for further descendants)

Unsorted formations

Balto-Slavic:
- Slavic: *myslь, Slavic: *mysliti, Slavic: *mysľati
Germanic: *minþijō
- Frankish: *minnjo
  - Old French: mignon
    - Middle French: mognon
      - English: minion
Germanic: *muntijaną (see there for further descendants)
(perhaps) Hellenic: [Term?]
- Ancient Greek: Μοῦσα (Moûsa)
Indo-Iranian:
- Indo-Aryan:
  - Sanskrit: मन्तु (mántu, “advisor, arbiter; counsel; mankind; understanding”)

Root[edit]

*men-^[2]^[3]^[4]

to stay, remain

Derived terms[edit]

► Terms derived from the PIE root *men- (stay)

*mén-e-ti (root thematic present)^[2]^[5]
- Hellenic: [Term?]
  - Ancient Greek: μένω (ménō, “to stay, remain”)
*mé-men-ti (reduplicated athematic present)
- Indo-Iranian: *mámanti
  - Indo-Aryan: *mámanti
    - Sanskrit: ममन्धि (mamandhi, “wait!”, 2sg.ipv.act.), अममन् (ámaman, “had waited”, 3sg.ipf./aor.act.), ममन्यात् (mamanyāt, “if he would miss, neglect”, 3sg.opt.act.)
*mí-men-ti ~ *mí-mn̥-nti (i-reduplicated athematic present)^[2]^[5]^[6]
- (unlikely)^[7] Anatolian: [Term?]
  - Hittite: 𒈪𒅎𒈠𒄿 (mi-im-ma-i, “to refuse, decline”, 3sg.pres.act.)
- Hellenic: [Term?]
  - Ancient Greek: μίμνω (mímnō, “to stay, remain”)
*mḗn-s-t ~ *mén-s-n̥t (s-aorist)^[2]
- Hellenic: [Term?]
  - Ancient Greek: ἔμεινα (émeina, “remained”)
- Italic: [Term?]
  - Latin: mānsī (“remained”)
*mon-éye-ti (éye-causative)^[2]^[5]
- Indo-Iranian: *mānáyati
  - Iranian: *mānáyati (see there for further descendants)
*m̥n-éh₁ye-ti (eh₁-stative)^[2]^[8]
- Armenian: *menāye-^[9] (or < *mn̥-h₁yé-ti (essive)^[2])
  - Old Armenian: մնամ (mnam, 1sg.pres.)
    - Armenian: մնալ (mnal)
- Italic: *mnēō, *monēō^[8] (unexplained -o-)
  - Latin: maneō (see there for further descendants)
*mn̥-sḱé-ti (sḱe-present)^[2]^[10]
- Armenian: *menāsk̑et^[9]
  - Armenian: մնաց (mnacʿ, 3sg.aor.)
- (possibly) Tocharian: *mäsk- (“to reside, be”)^[10]
  - Tocharian A: mäskatär
  - Tocharian B: mäsketär
*mon-éh₂
- Hellenic: *monā́
  - Ancient Greek: μονή (monḗ, “staying, detention”)
*mé-mn-ō
- Hellenic: [Term?]
  - Ancient Greek: Μέμνων (Mémnōn)

Unsorted formations

Celtic: *an-men- (“patience, forbearance”)^[11]^[5]
- Middle Welsh: anmynedd, amynedd
- Old Irish: ainmne

Root[edit]

*men-

to stand out, to tower

Derived terms[edit]

► Terms derived from the PIE root *men- (stand out)

*mn̥-éh₁-ye-ti
- Italic: *menēō
  - Latin: (ē)mineō, (im)mineō, (prō)mineō
*men-eh₂
- Italic: *menā
  - Latin: minae
*men-to-
- Italic: *mentom
  - Latin: mentum
*món-tis ~ *mn̥-téy-
- Indo-Iranian:
  - Iranian:
    - Avestan: 𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌‎ (maiti)
- Italic: *monts
  - Latin: mōns
*mon-i-yo-
- Celtic: *moniyos (“mountain”)
  - Brythonic: *mönɨð
    - Old Breton: monid
      - Breton: menez
    - Old Cornish: menit
    - Middle Welsh: mynyð
      - Welsh: mynydd
      - → Middle Irish: moned, monad (found only in Scottish toponyms)
        Scottish Gaelic: monadh
*mōn-i-yo-
- Germanic: *mōnijaz
  - Old Norse: mœnir (“ridge of a roof”)
*mōn-éye-ti
- Germanic: *mōnijaną
  - Old Norse: mœna (“to tower”)

References[edit]

^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 ^2.6 ^2.7 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “2.*men-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 437
^ Pokorny, Julius (1959), “men-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 729
^ Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (2006), “*men-”, in The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 227
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “μένω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 931-932
^ Jay Jasanoff, Hittite and the Indo-European Verb, Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2003, page {{{1}}}
^ Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008), “mimma-i / mimm-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 581-582
↑ ^8.0 ^8.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “maneō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 363
↑ ^9.0 ^9.1 Martirosyan, Hrach (2013), “The place of Armenian in the Indo-European language family: the relationship with Greek and Indo-Iranian”, in Journal of Language Relationship‎^[1], issue 10, page 471
↑ ^10.0 ^10.1 Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “¹mäsk-”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 491-492
^ Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*an-men-V-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 38

[De_Vaan_2008-1] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill

[LIV_men2-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 ^2.6 ^2.7 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “2.*men-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 437

[3] Pokorny, Julius (1959), “men-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 729

[4] Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (2006), “*men-”, in The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 227

[Beekes-5] 5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “μένω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 931-932

[6] Jay Jasanoff, Hittite and the Indo-European Verb, Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2003, page {{{1}}}

[7] Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008), “mimma-i / mimm-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 581-582

[DeVaan2008-8] 8.0 ^8.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “maneō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 363

[Martirosyan-9] 9.0 ^9.1 Martirosyan, Hrach (2013), “The place of Armenian in the Indo-European language family: the relationship with Greek and Indo-Iranian”, in Journal of Language Relationship‎^[1], issue 10, page 471

[Adams2013-10] 10.0 ^10.1 Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “¹mäsk-”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 491-492

[11] Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*an-men-V-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 38

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Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/men-

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Root[edit]

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