Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čaša

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Probably from the same root as in *česati (“to scratch, comb”). Akin to Old Prussian kiosi (“cup”).

The Slavic term also resembles Proto-Indo-Iranian *čaš- (“to feed, to taste”) (cf Persian چشیدن (“to taste”), Sanskrit चष् (caṣ, “to eat”)) which gave Sanskrit चषक (caṣaka, “cup”) and Armenian ճաշակ (čašak, “drinking vessel”). This similarity suggests a possible borrowing from Scythian.

Noun

*čàša f

1. bowl, cup, mug (vessel made out of hollowed wood)

   Synonym: *čara

Declension

Declension of *čàša (soft a-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*čàša	*čàši	*čàšę̇
genitive	*čàšę̇	*čàšu	*čàšь
dative	*čàšī	*čàšama	*čàšāmъ
accusative	*čàšǫ	*čàši	*čàšę̇
instrumental	*čàšējǫ, *čàšǭ*	*čàšama	*čàšāmī
locative	*čàšī	*čàšu	*čàšāsъ
vocative	*čàše	*čàši	*čàšę̇

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

• *čašьka (“small cup”) (diminutive)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: чаша (čaša)
    • Belarusian: ча́ша (čáša)
    • Russian: ча́ша (čáša)
    • Ukrainian: ча́ша (čáša)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: чаша (čaša)

    Glagolitic: ⱍⰰⱎⰰ (čaša)

  • Bulgarian: ча́ша (čáša)
  • Macedonian: чаша (čaša)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ча̏ша

    Latin script: čȁša

  • Slovene: čáša (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: čiešě
    • Czech: číše
  • Polabian: coso
  • Polish: czasza
  • Slovak: čaša

• → Romanian: ceașcă (diminutive)
• → Hungarian: csésze

Further reading

• “*čaša”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), Wrocław: Ossolineum, 1974–2001, page 118
• Gluhak, Alemko (1993) “Proto-Slavic/čaša”, in Hrvatski etimološki rječnik [Croatian Etymology Dictionary] (in Serbo-Croatian), Zagreb: August Cesarec, →ISBN
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*čaša”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 04 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 30
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “чаша”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress