Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žęti

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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *gem-. Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek γέντο (génto, “grasped”), Norwegian kumla (“to knead, squeeze”).

Verb

*žęti[1][2]

  1. to press, squeeze
Conjugation
Conjugation of *žęti, *žę, *žьmetь (?, -V/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*žętьje *žęti *žętъ *žęlъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *žętъ *žьmomъ
Active *žьmъ *žьmy
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *žęsъ *žę *žę *žьmǫ *žьmeši *žьmetь
Dual *žęsově *žęsta *žęste *žьmevě *žьmeta *žьmete
Plural *žęsomъ *žęste *žęsę *žьmemъ *žьmete *žьmǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *žьměaxъ *žьměaše *žьměaše — *žьmi *žьmi
Dual *žьměaxově *žьměašeta *žьměašete *žьměvě *žьměta —
Plural *žьměaxomъ *žьměašete *žьměaxǫ *žьměmъ *žьměte —
Descendants
  • Church Slavonic: жѧти (žęti) (Serbian)
  • East Slavic:
    • Belarusian: жаць (žacʹ)
    • Russian: жать (žatʹ)
    • Ukrainian: жа́ти (žáty)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “жать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

Etymology 2

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gínˀtei. No exact cognates in Baltic, but related to Lithuanian genė́ti (“to prune, hem”), Latvian dzenêt (“to prune, hem”).

Verb

*žę̀ti[3][4]

  1. to reap, mow
Conjugation
Conjugation of *žęti, *žę, *žьňetь (?, -unknown-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*žętьje *žęti *žętъ *žęlъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *žętъ *žьňemъ
Active *žьnъ *žьňę
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *žęsъ *žę *žę *žьňǫ *žьňeši *žьňetь
Dual *žęsově *žęsta *žęste *žьňevě *žьňeta *žьňete
Plural *žęsomъ *žęste *žęsę *žьňemъ *žьňete *žьňǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *žьněaxъ *žьněaše *žьněaše — *žьňi *žьňi
Dual *žьněaxově *žьněašeta *žьněašete *žьňivě *žьňita —
Plural *žьněaxomъ *žьněašete *žьněaxǫ *žьňimъ *žьňite —
Conjugation of *žęti, *žę, *žьnetь (?, -V/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*žętьje *žęti *žętъ *žęlъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *žętъ *žьnomъ
Active *žьnъ *žьny
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *žęsъ *žę *žę *žьnǫ *žьneši *žьnetь
Dual *žęsově *žęsta *žęste *žьnevě *žьneta *žьnete
Plural *žęsomъ *žęste *žęsę *žьnemъ *žьnete *žьnǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *žьněaxъ *žьněaše *žьněaše — *žьni *žьni
Dual *žьněaxově *žьněašeta *žьněašete *žьněvě *žьněta —
Plural *žьněaxomъ *žьněašete *žьněaxǫ *žьněmъ *žьněte —
Derived terms
Descendants
  • East Slavic:
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Cyrillic: жѧти (žęti)
      Glagolitic: [Term?]
    • Bulgarian: жъ́на (žǎ́na)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: же̏ти
      Latin script: žȅti
      • Chakavian Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Vrgada" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.: žȅti
      • Chakavian Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Hvar" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.: žét
      • Chakavian Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Orbanići" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.: žȅt
    • Slovene: žẹ́ti (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “жать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • “Proto-Slavic/žęti” in Hrvatski jezični portal

References

  1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*žęti I”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 561: “v. (b) ‘press, squeeze’”
  2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “žęti: žьmǫ žьmetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b trykke (SA 203, 248, 251; PR 136)”
  3. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*žę̀ti II”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 561: “v. (b) ‘reap, mow’”
  4. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “žęti: žьn[j]ǫ žьn[j]etь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[2], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b høste (SA 203, 212f., 248, 250; PR 136)”
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