Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bokъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Originally meaning “protrusion” or “wedge”. Probably cognate with Latvian bakstît (“to poke”). Outside of Balto-Slavic, has been compared with Latin baculum, Ancient Greek βάκτρον (báktron), Proto-Celtic *bakkos (“hook”), Proto-Germanic *pagjō (“peg”), presumably from Proto-Indo-European *bak-.

Kroonen considers a Germanic borrowing from Proto-West Germanic *bakō (“back”). Vasmer dismisses this possibility for phonetic and semantic reasons.

Noun

*bokъ m

1. side, flank

Declension

Declension of *bokъ (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*bokъ	*boka	*boci
genitive	*boka	*boku	*bokъ
dative	*boku	*bokoma	*bokomъ
accusative	*bokъ	*boka	*boky
instrumental	*bokъmь, *bokomь*	*bokoma	*boky
locative	*bocě	*boku	*bocěxъ
vocative	*boče	*boka	*boci

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old Ruthenian: бокъ (bok)
    • Belarusian: бок (bok)
    • Ukrainian: бік (bik)
  • Russian: бок (bok)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: бок (bok) (dialectal)
  • Macedonian: бок (bok)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: бо̑к

    Latin script: bȏk

  • Slovene: bòk
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: bok
    • Czech: bok
  • Old Polish: bok
    • Polish: bok
    • Silesian: bok
  • Pomeranian:
    • Kashubian: bòk
    • Slovincian: bôk
  • Slovak: bok
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: bok
    • Upper Sorbian: bok

References

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*bokъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 170
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “бок”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress