bok

See also: Bok, bök, bók, and bøk

English

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /bɒk/
• (Received Pronunciation, General South African) IPA^(key): /bɒk/
• Rhymes: -ɒk

Etymology 1

From Afrikaans bok. Doublet of buck.

Adjective

bok

1. (South Africa, slang) keen or willing.

   "Do you want to go to the movies?" "Ja, I'm bok."

Etymology 2

Imitative.

Interjection

bok

1. The clucking sound of a chicken.
   • 2000, William S Pollack, Todd Shuster, Real boys' voices

     And he says, "Chicken! Bok bok bok bok!" One time I got up and put the controller down and we started fighting.

   • 2004, Andrew Bennett, Nicholas Royle, An introduction to literature, criticism and theory

     So the librarian gives the chicken a book. The chicken goes away, but comes back the next day, goes up to the librarian's desk and says: 'Bok, bok!'

Anagrams

• KBO, OKB, kob

---

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch bok (“buck, male goat”), from Middle Dutch boc, from Old Dutch buc, from Proto-Germanic *bukkaz.

Noun

bok (plural bokke, diminutive bokkie)

1. goat
2. antelope, buck

   Synonym: wildsbok

3. (slang) lover (term of affection)

   Synonym: bokkie

4. vaulting horse
5. blunder

Derived terms

• gemsbok
• reebok
• springbok
• takbok
• wildsbok

Descendants

• → Xhosa: ibhokhwe

Adjective

bok (attributive bokke, comparative bokker, superlative bokste)

1. keen, willing

---

Cebuano

Etymology

From Philippine English bok, from bunk, shortened from bunkmate.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: bok

Noun

bok

1. one's batchmate or classmate in the Philippine Military Academy

---

Choctaw

Etymology

Attested as bayuk in the 17th century.

Noun

bōk (alienable)

1. creek, stream
2. river

Declension

possessive (alienable)	singular	paucal	plural
first-person ("my, our")	abōk	pibōk	hapibōk
second-person ("thy, your")	chibōk	hachibōk
third-person ("his, her, its, their")	ibōk

	absolute	nominative	accusative	oblique
neutral	bōk	bōkat	bōka	bōkak
contrastive	bōkakō	bōkakōsh	bōkako	bōkakakō
		bōkato	bōkano
focus	bōkō			bōkakō
		bōkōsh	bōko

-ma "that, there"	-pa "this, here"	-kia "also, too"	-ba "only"	-ōk "but"	-akhī pejorative
bōkma	bōkpa	bōk(ak)kia	bōkba	bōkōk	bōkakhī

Derived terms

• bokushi

Descendants

• Cajun French: bogue
  • English: bogue

---

Czech

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *bokъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbok]

Noun

bok m

1. side
2. flank
3. (anatomy) hip

Declension

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	bok	boky
genitive	boku	boků
dative	boku	bokům
accusative	bok	boky
vocative	boku	boky
locative	boku	bocích
instrumental	bokem	boky

Related terms

• boční
• bokovka
• odbočit
• vybočit
• zabočit
• vbok

Further reading

• bok in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• bok in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

---

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bɔk/

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: bok
• Rhymes: -ɔk

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch boc, from Old Dutch buc, from Proto-Germanic *bukkaz.

Noun

bok m (plural bokken, diminutive bokje n)

1. male goat, buck, billy

   Synonym: geitenbok

2. (gymnastics) vaulting horse
3. a crane on legs
4. box, perch (driver's seat on a carriage)
5. (printing) job case, type case
6. sawbuck, buck

   Synonym: zaagbok

7. (derogatory) churl, grouch
8. (derogatory) oaf, bumpkin

Derived terms

• bokkenbaard
• bokkenpruik
• bokkensprong
• bokkig
• boksbaard
• geitenbok
• hertenbok
• reebok
• schachtbok
• springbok
• zaagbok
• zondebok

Descendants

• Afrikaans: bok
  • → Xhosa: ibhokhwe

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Verb

bok

1. first-person singular present indicative of bokken
2. imperative of bokken

---

Lower Sorbian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *bokъ. Cognate with Upper Sorbian bok, Polish bok, Czech bok, Russian бок (bok), and Serbo-Croatian bȍk.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bɔk/
• Homophones: bog, Bog

Noun

bok m

1. side (bounding straight edge of an object; flat surface of an object; left or right half; surface of a sheet of paper)
2. page (one side of a leaf of a book)
3. (chiefly in the dual) breast (organs on the front of a woman’s chest, which contain the mammary glands)

Declension

Declension of bok

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	bok	boka	boki
Genitive	boka	bokowu	bokow
Dative	bokoju	bokoma	bokam
Accusative	bok	boka	boki
Instrumental	bokom	bokoma	bokami
Locative	boku	bokoma	bokach

• Alternative locative singular: boce

Synonyms

• (breast): prědk

Further reading

• bok in Ernst Muka/Mucke (St. Petersburg and Prague 1911–28): Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow / Wörterbuch der nieder-wendischen Sprache und ihrer Dialekte. Reprinted 2008, Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag.
• bok in Manfred Starosta (1999): Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag.

---

Marshallese

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (phonetic) IPA^(key): [pˠokʷ]
• (phonemic) IPA^(key): /pˠekʷ/
• Bender phonemes: {bȩkʷ}

Noun

bok

1. blister
2. chicken pox

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• (phonetic) IPA^(key): [pˠokʷ]
• (phonemic) IPA^(key): /pˠekʷ/
• Bender phonemes: {bȩkʷ}

Noun

bok

1. bladder

Etymology 3

From English book.

Pronunciation

• (phonetic) IPA^(key): [pˠokʷ]
• (phonemic) IPA^(key): /pˠekʷ/
• Bender phonemes: {bȩkʷ}

Noun

bok

1. book

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

• (phonetic) IPA^(key): [pˠɔkʷ]
• (phonemic) IPA^(key): /pˠɛkʷ/
• Bender phonemes: {bekʷ}

Noun

bok

1. sand
2. sandspit
3. sandbar

References

• Marshallese–English Online Dictionary

---

Middle English

Noun

bok

1. Alternative form of booke

---

Middle Low German

Alternative forms

• buk

Etymology

From Old Saxon bōk, from Proto-Germanic *bōks.

Pronunciation

• Stem vowel: ô¹
  • (originally) IPA^(key): /boːk/

Noun

bôk n

1. book
2. beechnut

Descendants

• Low German:

  Dutch Low Saxon: book

  German Low German: Book

• Plautdietsch: Buak

---

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse bók, from Proto-Germanic *bōks.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /buːk/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

bok f or m (definite singular boka or boken, indefinite plural bøker, definite plural bøkene)

1. a book

Derived terms

• barnebok
• bokelsker
• bokhandel
• bokhandler
• bokholder
• bokhylle
• boklansering
• bokmerke
• dagbok
• glosebok
• guidebok
• kokebok
• lommebok
• lydbok
• lærebok
• notatbok, notisbok
• ordbok
• referansebok
• rekordbok
• salmebok
• sangbok
• skrivebok
• årbok

 

Noun

bok f or m (definite singular boka or boken, indefinite plural boker, definite plural bokene)

1. a beech (tree).

Alternative forms

• bøk

References

• “bok” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

---

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse bók, from Proto-Germanic *bōks. Akin to English book.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /buːk/

Noun

bok f (definite singular boka, indefinite plural bøker, definite plural bøkene)

1. a book

Derived terms

• barnebok
• bokavl
• bokhandel
• bokhylle
• bokmerke
• boklansering
• dagbok
• glosebok
• guidebok
• kokebok
• lommebok
• lydbok, ljodbok
• lærebok
• notatbok, notisbok
• ordbok
• referansebok
• rekordbok
• salmebok
• skrivebok
• songbok
• årbok

 

References

• “bok” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

---

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bōks, whence also Old English bōc, Old Frisian bōk, Old High German buoh, Old Norse bók.

Noun

bōk f or n

1. book

Declension

Declension of bōk (feminine i-stem)

	singular	plural
nominative	bōk	bōki
accusative	bōk	bōki
genitive	bōki	bōkiō
dative	bōki	bōkium
instrumental	—	—

Declension 2

Declension of bōk (neuter a-stem)

	singular	plural
nominative	bōk	bōk
accusative	bōk	bōk
genitive	bōkes	bōkō
dative	bōke	bōkun
instrumental	—	—

Descendants

• Middle Low German: bôk, buk
  • Low German:

    Dutch Low Saxon: book

    German Low German: Book

  • Plautdietsch: Buak

---

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse bók, from Proto-Germanic *bōks.

Noun

bōk f

1. book

Declension

Declension of bōk (consonant stem)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	bōk	bōkin	bø̄ker	bø̄krina(r), -rena(r)
accusative	bōk	bōkina, -ena	bø̄ker	bø̄krina(r), -rena(r)
dative	bōk	bōkinni, -inne	bōkum, -om	bōkumin, -omen
genitive	bōka(r)	bōkinna(r)	bōka	bōkanna

Descendants

• Swedish: bok

---

Polish

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *bokъ

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bɔk/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

bok m inan

1. side

   Synonym: strona

Declension

declension of bok

	singular	plural
nominative	bok	boki
genitive	boku	boków
dative	bokowi	bokom
accusative	bok	boki
instrumental	bokiem	bokami
locative	boku	bokach
vocative	boku	boki

Derived terms

• (nouns) boczek, boczniak, bocznica, pobocze, zboczeniec
• (adjectives) boczny, poboczny, zboczony
• (adverbs) bocznie, pobocznie, na bok, u boku, z boku

Further reading

• bok in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• bok in Polish dictionaries at PWN

---

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *bokъ.

Noun

bȍk m (Cyrillic spelling бо̏к)

1. side

   bok uz bok ― side by side

2. flank

Declension

Declension of bok

	singular	plural
nominative	bok	bokovi
genitive	boka	bokova
dative	boku	bokovima
accusative	bok	bokove
vocative	boku	bokovi
locative	boku	bokovima
instrumental	bokom	bokovima

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *bogъ. Other fringe theories exist but are largely unsupported.

Alternative forms

• bog

Interjection

bok (Cyrillic spelling бок)

1. (Croatia) hi
2. (Croatia) bye

Synonyms

• (hi): zdravo, pozdrav, ćao
• (bye): zbogom, zdravo, pozdrav, ćao

---

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish bōk, from Old Norse bók, from Proto-Germanic *bōks, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵos.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /buːk/

• audio

  (file)

Noun

bok c

1. book:
   1. collection of sheets of paper
   2. a work of literature
   3. a major division of a published work
2. beech

Declension

Declension of bok 1
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	bok	boken	böcker	böckerna
Genitive	boks	bokens	böckers	böckernas

Declension of bok 2
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	bok	boken	bokar	bokarna
Genitive	boks	bokens	bokars	bokarnas

Derived terms

book

anteckningsbok boka bokanmälan bokantikvariat bokare bokauktion bokband bokbar bokbestånd bokbindare bokbinderi bokbindning bokbord bokbuss bokbål bokcafé bokcirkel bokfilm bokflod bokform bokformat bokföra bokförare bokföring bokförlag bokförläggare

bokförsäljare bokhandel bokhylla bokhållare bokillustration bokkafé bokklubb boklig boklåda boklån boklärd bokläsare bokmal bokmarknad bokmoms bokmål bokmärke bokmässa bokning bokomslag bokpris bokpärm bokrea bokrecenssion bokrulle bokrygg

boksamlare boksamling bokserie boksida bokskåp bokslukare bokslut bokstav bokstavera bokstavering bokstavlig bokstavligen bokstöd boksynt boktitel boktryck boktryckare boktryckeri bokutgivning bokutlåning bokvagn bokverk bokälskare

bredvidläsningsbok dagbok dödbok faktabok flickbok föra bok handbok historiebok huvudbok kyrkbok loggbok läsebok läxbok ordbok plånbok pocketbok pojkbok räknebok sagobok skrivbok textbok uppslagsbok vaxduksbok årsbok äventyrsbok

beech

• bokfanér
• bokollon
• bokskog
• bokträd

References

• bok in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)

---

Turkish

Etymology

From Old Turkic bok, from Proto-Turkic *bok (“dirt, dung”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bok/

Noun

bok (definite accusative boku, plural boklar)

1. shit (solid excretory product evacuated from the bowel)

Declension

Inflection
Nominative	bok
Definite accusative	boku
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	bok	boklar
Definite accusative	boku	bokları
Dative	boka	boklara
Locative	bokta	boklarda
Ablative	boktan	boklardan
Genitive	bokun	bokların
Possessive forms Singular Plural 1st singular bokum boklarım 2nd singular bokun bokların 3rd singular boku bokları 1st plural bokumuz boklarımız 2nd plural bokunuz boklarınız 3rd plural bokları bokları

Derived terms

• boklama
• boklamak
• boklu
• bokluk

---

Volapük

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bok/

Noun

bok (nominative plural boks)

1. box

Declension

declension of bok

	singular	plural
nominative	bok	boks
genitive	boka	bokas
dative	boke	bokes
accusative	boki	bokis
vocative 1	o bok!	o boks!
predicative 2	boku	bokus

• ¹ status as a case is disputed
• ² in later, non-classical Volapük only

Derived terms

• bokül