Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/nožь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *noziti +‎ *-jь, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁noǵʰyo-.

Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek νύσσω (nússō), Attic Ancient Greek νύττω (núttō), Ancient Greek ἔγχος (énkhos, “spear”), Old Irish ness (*nekso-).

• Vasmer: unreliable comparison with Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬉𐬰𐬀 (naēza). Unacceptably pulling together with Latin nectō (“I bind, tie”), Sanskrit नह्यति (nahyati, “to bind, tie”).

• ЭССЯ: cognation *nožь with Lithuanian knẽžas (“knife”) (with additional k-) is unlikely.

Noun

*nòžь m

1. tool for pricking
2. knife

Inflection

Declension of *nòžь (soft o-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*nòžь	*nožà	*nožì
genitive	*nožà	*nožù	*nòžь
dative	*nožù	*nožèma	*nòžemъ
accusative	*nòžь	*nožà	*nožę̇̀
instrumental	*nožь̀mь, *nožèmь*	*nožèma	*nòži
locative	*nožì	*nožù	*nòžixъ
vocative	*nožu	*nožà	*nožì

^* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *nožarъ (< nožь + -ěrъ)
• *noževъ
  • *noževъka
  • *noževьnikъ
• *nožica / *nožici / *nožicь (?)
• *nožikъ
• *nožišče

• *nožiťь
• *nožьkъ
• *nožьnъ
  • *nožьna / *nožьnja / *nožьně / *nožьny
    • *nožьnica / *nožьnici / *nožьnicě
  • *nožьnikъ

Related terms

• *vъnoziti (“to thrust”)
• *vъnьziti (“to plunge, thrust”)

• *vъnьznǫti (“to drive into”)
• *vъnьzti

Descendants

• East Slavic: ножь (nožĭ)
  • Belarusian: нож (nož)
  • Russian: нож (nož)
  • Ukrainian: ніж (niž)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: ножь (nožĭ)

    Glagolitic: ⱀⱁⰶⱐ (nožĭ)

  • Bulgarian: нож (nož)
  • Macedonian: нож (nož)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: но̑ж

    Latin script: nȏž

  • Slovene: nȍž (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: nůž
  • Kashubian: nóż
  • Polabian: nüz
  • Polish: nóż
  • Slovak: nôž
  • Slovincian: nòž, noža
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: nož
    • Lower Sorbian: nož
• → Latvian: nazis

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “нож”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

vol=1 Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “нож”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1999), “*nožь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 26 (*novoukъ(jь) – *obgorditi), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 23