Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/ǹ-

This Proto-Bantu entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Bantu

Prefix

*ǹ-

1. Class 9 noun prefix.

Descendants

• Northeast Bantu:
  • Northeast Coast Bantu:
    • Sabaki:
      • Mijikenda:
        • Digo (E73): n-

• Bende (F12): n-

• Northeast Bantu:
  • Great Lakes Bantu:
    • Nyoro-Ganda:
      • Tooro (J12): n-, extended en-
      • Luganda (J15): n-

• Mbukushu (K333): n-

• Sabi:
  • Bemba (M42): n-, extended in-

• Rufiji-Ruvuma:
  • Mbinga:
    • Matengo (N13): in-/n-

• Nyasa:
  • Tumbuka (N21): n-
  • Chichewa (N31): n-

• Southern Bantu:
  • Nguni:
    • Zulu (S42): n-, extended in-

Prefix

*ǹ-

1. Class 10 noun prefix.

Descendants

• Northeast Bantu:
  • Northeast Coast Bantu:
    • Sabaki:
      • Mijikenda:
        • Digo (E73): n-

• Bende (F12): n-

• Northeast Bantu:
  • Great Lakes Bantu:
    • Nyoro-Ganda:
      • Tooro (J12): n-, extended en-
      • Luganda (J15): n-

• Mbukushu (K333): n-

• Sabi:
  • Bemba (M42): n-, extended en-

• Rufiji-Ruvuma:
  • Mbinga:
    • Matengo (N13): in-/n-

• Nyasa:
  • Tumbuka (N21): n-
  • Chichewa (N31): n-

• Southern Bantu:
  • Nguni:
    • Zulu (S42): zin-, extended izin- (prefixed with the pronominal/verbal concord)

Prefix

*ǹ-

1. 1st person singular subject concord.
2. 1st person singular object concord.

Descendants

• Great Lakes Bantu:
  • Luganda (J15): n-
  • Tooro (J12): n-

• Nyasa:
  • Tumbuka (N21): ni-
  • Chichewa (N31): ndi-/Chichewa (N31): -ndi-

• Rufiji-Ruvuma:
  • Ruvuma:
    • Yao (P21): n- (“subject concord”)/Yao (P21): -n- (“object concord”)